Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus dynamics in Lao PDR during the COVID-19 pandemic: a hospital-based surveillance study.

Objectives: Globally, the circulation of influenza and other seasonal respiratory viruses changed dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the trends of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial viruses (RSVs) in patients presenting to hospitals in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) (Laos).

Design: Prospective surveillance study.

bacteremia: A case report.

species are a group of obligated anaerobic gram-positive bacilli that are recognized as commensals of the gastrointestinal tract flora. Cases of bacteremia mediated by are rare. This report describes a case of bacteremia caused by in an 82-year-old female with a history of a cecal perforation secondary to an obstructing sigmoid stricture.

Antiproliferative Compounds from Cleistanthus boivinianus from the Madagascar Dry Forest.

The two new lignans 3α-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)desoxypodophyllotoxin (1) and 4-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)dehydropodophyllotoxin (2) were isolated from Cleistanthus boivinianus, together with the known lignans deoxypicropodophyllotoxin (3), (±)-β-apopicropodophyllin (4), (-)-desoxypodophyllotoxin (5), (-)-yatein (6), and β-peltatin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7). The structures of all compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1, 4, and 5 showed potent antiproliferative activities against the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line, with IC50 values of 33.

Antimalarial 5,6-Dihydro-α-pyrones from Cryptocarya rigidifolia: Related Bicyclic Tetrahydro-α-Pyrones Are Artifacts1.

Antimalarial bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOH extract of the root wood of Cryptocarya rigidifolia (Lauraceae) led to the isolation of the five new 5,6-dihydro-α-pyrones cryptorigidifoliols A-E (1-5) and the six bicyclic tetrahydro-α-pyrone derivatives cryptorigidifoliols F-K (6-11). The structure elucidations of all compounds were made on the basis of the interpretation of spectroscopic data and chemical derivatization, and the relative and absolute configurations were determined by NOESY, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and (1)H NMR analysis of α-methoxyphenylacetyl (MPA) derivatives. The bicyclic tetrahydro-α-pyrone derivatives were identified as products of acid-catalyzed intramolecular Michael addition of the 5,6-dihydro-α-pyrones in the presence of silica gel.

Neolignans and other metabolites from Ocotea cymosa from the Madagascar rain forest and their biological activities.

Ten new neolignans including the 6'-oxo-8.1'-lignans cymosalignans A (1a), B (2), and C (3), an 8.O.

Antiproliferative and antimalarial sesquiterpene lactones from Piptocoma antillana from Puerto Rico.

Bioassay-directed fractionation of an antiproliferative ethanol extract of the leaves and twigs of Piptocoma antillana (Asteraceae) afforded two new goyazensolide-type sesquiterpene lactones named 5-O-methyl-5-epiisogoyazensolide (1) and 15-O-methylgoyazensolide (2), together with the known compounds 1-oxo-3,10-epoxy-8-(2-methylacr1 0-epoxy-8-(2-methylacryloxy)-l 5-acetoxygermacra-2,4, 11(1 3)-trien-6(12)-olide (3) and 5-epiisogoyazensolide (4). The structure elucidation of all compounds was carried out based on NMR and mass spectroscopic data analyses. The relative and absolute configurations of all the isolated compounds were determined from their CD and NOESY NMR spectra.

Isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis is the essential metabolic role of the apicoplast during gametocytogenesis in Plasmodium falciparum.

The malaria parasite harbors a relict plastid called the apicoplast and its discovery opened a new avenue for drug discovery and development due to its unusual, nonmammalian metabolism. The apicoplast is essential during the asexual intraerythrocytic and hepatic stages of the parasite, and there is strong evidence supporting its essential metabolic role during the mosquito stages of the parasite. Supply of the isoprenoid building blocks isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) is the essential metabolic function of the apicoplast during the asexual intraerythrocytic stages.

A steroid receptor coactivator acts as the DNA-binding partner of the methoprene-tolerant protein in regulating juvenile hormone response genes.

Methoprene-tolerant (Met) protein is a juvenile hormone (JH) receptor in insects. JH-bound Met forms a complex with the βFtz-F1-interacting steroid receptor coactivator (FISC) and together they regulate JH response genes in mosquitoes. Both proteins contain basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and PAS motifs.