A combination of pre- and intraoperative techniques identifies sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with thyroid carcinoma: A pilot study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and describe pre- and intra-operative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping techniques in dogs with thyroid carcinoma.

Study Design: A prospective, pilot clinical trial was performed.

Animals: Six client-owned dogs with unilateral thyroid carcinoma and no overtly metastatic locoregional lymph nodes (LNs) were enrolled.

CT features of feline cystic bronchiectasis forming mass lesions.

Case Series Summary: Cystic bronchiectasis was diagnosed in three cats with known histories of chronic coughing using CT and histopathology. CT of the lungs revealed large space-occupying lesions that compressed and displaced unaffected pulmonary parenchyma and vessels. The masses were soft tissue attenuating in two cases and gas-cavitated with areas of dependent fluid in one case.

Diagnostic imaging and histopathologic features of rounded atelectasis in four cats and one dog: A descriptive case series study.

In humans, rounded atelectasis is defined as focal lung collapse that radiologically appears as a round mass-like lesion in the periphery of the lung. In general, human patients with rounded atelectasis have a history of pleural effusion and abnormal pleura and characteristic CT findings help to distinguish rounded atelectasis from pulmonary neoplasia without the need for invasive surgical biopsy. This retrospective multi-center case series describes rounded atelectasis in four cats and one dog.

Severity of nasopharyngeal collapse before and after corrective upper airway surgery in brachycephalic dogs.

Objective: To determine the severity of nasopharyngeal collapse in brachycephalic dogs before and after corrective airway surgery.

Animals: Twenty-three brachycephalic dogs (21 with clinical signs referrable to the upper airway) and nine clinically normal nonbrachycephalic dogs (controls).

Methods: Dogs were evaluated with fluoroscopy awake and standing with the head in a neutral position.

What Is Your Diagnosis?

In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Radiology.

High-field MRI using standard pulse sequences has moderate to substantial interobserver agreement and good accuracy for differentiation between intracranial extra-axial histiocytic sarcoma and meningioma in dogs.

Intracranial extra-axial histiocytic sarcoma shares common MRI features with meningioma. As histiocytic sarcoma carries a generally worse prognosis than meningioma, the ability to differentiate between these two neoplasms is of clinical value. The aim of this retrospective diagnostic accuracy and observer agreement study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of high-field MRI to differentiate between these two tumors, using standard pulse sequences and published MRI features.

Case Report: Mineralized Pulmonary Artery Thrombi in Two Dogs Treated for Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin.

Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is a relatively common and very serious canine neurologic condition, which is typically associated with a poor long term prognosis despite treatment. This case series chronicles two dogs diagnosed with MUO who were treated with long term corticosteroids and cytosine arabinoside and lived well-beyond the typical survival time for this condition. Both eventually succumbed to respiratory signs associated with mineralized thrombi in their pulmonary arteries.

Serial abdominal radiographs do not significantly increase accuracy of diagnosis of gastrointestinal mechanical obstruction due to occult foreign bodies in dogs and cats.

Abdominal radiographs are commonly used in dogs and cats that present with gastrointestinal signs. When initial abdominal radiographs are equivocal for the presence or absence of gastrointestinal mechanical obstruction, follow-up abdominal radiographs may be recommended. Based on our review of the literature, no published study has been performed to evaluate the clinical utility of serial abdominal radiographs in such cases.

Radiation exposure of dogs and cats undergoing fluoroscopic procedures and for operators performing those procedures.

Objective: To evaluate radiation exposure of dogs and cats undergoing procedures requiring intraoperative fluoroscopy and for operators performing those procedures.

Sample: 360 fluoroscopic procedures performed at 2 academic institutions between 2012 and 2015.

Procedures: Fluoroscopic procedures were classified as vascular, urinary, respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and orthopedic.

Complications and clinical utility of ultrasonographically guided pyelocentesis and antegrade pyelography in cats and dogs: 49 cases (2007-2015).

Objective: To describe the diagnostic utility and clinical safety of ultrasonographically guided percutaneous pyelocentesis and antegrade pyelography in cats and dogs.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 39 cats and 10 dogs with 55 affected kidneys.

Ability of ultrasonography to predict the presence and location of histologic lesions in the small intestine of cats.

Background: Diagnosis of infiltrative small intestinal (SI) disease in cats is challenging, and debate continues regarding optimal biopsy techniques. Ultrasonography may facilitate selection of biopsy type and location.

Hypothesis/objectives: Assess ability of ultrasonography to predict histologic lesions by SI segment and tissue layer.

Diagnostic utility of ultrasonography for detection of the cause and location of ureteral obstruction in cats: 71 cases (2010-2016).

OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of ultrasonography to detect the cause and location of ureteral obstruction in cats and to identify factors associated with agreement between ultrasonographic and surgical findings. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 71 cats.

Nodules and masses are associated with malignant pleural effusion in dogs and cats but many other intrathoracic CT features are poor predictors of the effusion type.

Thoracic CT may be used in the workup of patients with pleural effusion. In humans, certain pleural features on CT aid in diagnosing an underlying cause for pleural effusion, whereas this is not well studied in veterinary medicine. This retrospective cross-sectional analytical study assessed pleural and other intrathoracic abnormalities on CT in dogs and cats with pleural effusion and explored potential discriminatory features between effusion types.

Radiographic distribution of ureteral stones in 78 cats.

Objective: To document the distribution of ureteral stones in cats.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Seventy-eight cats.

Pathology of Gray Wolf Shoulders: Lessons in Species and Aging.

We examined scapula glenoids (n = 14) and proximal articular humeri (n = 14) of seven gray wolves that were maintained in a sanctuary park setting. Immediately after death, observations were made visually in situ and by radiography. Further observations were made in a museum laboratory setting, prior to and following clearing of soft tissues.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound to Predict the Location of Solitary Hepatic Masses in Dogs.

Objective: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of ultrasonography for localizing hepatic masses in dogs and to identify patient factors associated with diagnostic accuracy.

Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Animals: Client-owned dogs (n = 137).

Suspected hypertrophic osteopathy in an ancient canid: Differential diagnosis of possible etiologies.

Hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) has been reported in numerous mammalian species, but no reports address the range of conditions that can lead to HO, or the implications of those conditions, for archaeological diagnosis. We describe suspected HO from skeletal remains of an ancient large domestic dog recovered in Iowa, USA, at the Cherokee Sewer site. Canid remains from this site date 7430-7020calBP.

Porcupine quill migration in the thoracic cavity of a German shorthaired pointer.

A 7 yr old German shorthaired pointer presented with progressive respiratory distress and lethargy. Two weeks prior to presentation, the dog had porcupine quills removed from the left forepaw, muzzle, and sternal area. At the time of presentation, the dog had bounding pulses and friction rubs in the right dorsal lung field.

Computed tomographic findings in 57 cats with primary pulmonary neoplasia.

Primary pulmonary neoplasia is relatively uncommon in cats and generally has a poor prognosis. In this multicenter, retrospective study of 57 cats with pulmonary neoplasia, the most frequent presenting signs were anorexia/inappetence (39%) and cough (37%). The pulmonary tumors were considered to be incidental findings in 9% cats.

Computed tomographic features of pneumothorax secondary to a bronchopleural fistula in two dogs.

A bronchopleural fistula (BPF) can lead to continuous pneumothorax and is rarely reported clinically in dogs. This report describes computed tomographic (CT) findings in two dogs with BPFs and subsequent continuous pneumothoraces that necessitated thoracotomy. Both dogs had a peripheral BPF in the right caudal lung lobe.

Computed tomographic characteristics of odontogenic neoplasms in dogs.

Odontogenic neoplasms are locally invasive oral tumors in dogs. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe CT characteristics for varying histopathologic types of canine odontogenic neoplasms. A board-certified veterinary radiologist who was unaware of histologic findings reviewed and scored imaging studies.

Sensitivity, positive predictive value, and interobserver variability of computed tomography in the diagnosis of bullae associated with spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs: 19 cases (2003-2012).

Objective: To determine the sensitivity, positive predictive value, and interobserver variability of CT in the detection of bullae associated with spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 19 dogs with spontaneous pneumothorax caused by rupture of bullae.

Safety of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in dogs and cats: 488 cases (2002-2011).

Objective: To determine the incidence of adverse events within 24 hours after contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in dogs and cats and compare the risk of death within 24 hours after imaging for animals that underwent ultrasonography with and without injection of a contrast agent.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Animals: 750 animals (411 case dogs, 238 control dogs, 77 case cats, and 24 control cats).