Variation in self-compatibility among genotypes and across ontogeny in a self-fertilizing vertebrate, .

Mixed-mating strategies can maximize the benefits and limit the costs of both self-fertilization and outcrossing. In addition to ecological conditions and population dynamics, the economics of mixed mating are determined by individual self-compatibility, i.e.

Host and antibiotic jointly select for greater virulence in .

Widespread antibiotic usage has resulted in the rapid evolution of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens and poses significant threats to public health. Resolving how pathogens respond to antibiotics under different contexts is critical for understanding disease emergence and evolution going forward. The impact of antibiotics has been demonstrated most directly through pathogen passaging experiments.

Outcrossing in increases in response to food limitation.

Theory predicts that organisms should diversify their offspring when faced with a stressful environment. This prediction has received empirical support across diverse groups of organisms and stressors. For example, when encountered by during early development, food limitation (a common environmental stressor) induces the nematodes to arrest in a developmental stage called dauer and to increase their propensity to outcross when they are subsequently provided with food and enabled to develop to maturity.