An fMRI hyperscanning dataset on cooperation and competition during strategic interactions.

Hyperscanning has emerged as a prominent technique in social neuroscience, enabling the simultaneous recording of neural activity from multiple individuals engaged in interactive tasks. Despite its potential, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) hyperscanning remains underutilized due to technical and logistical challenges in synchronizing data across scanners. To address these barriers, we developed an internet-based fMRI hyperscanning platform in southern Taiwan, enabling synchronized acquisition between two sites located 305 km apart.

Distinct cerebral coherence in task-based fMRI hyperscanning: cooperation versus competition.

This study features an functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) hyperscanning experiment from 2 sites, 305 km apart. The experiment contains 2 conditions: the dyad collaborated to win and then split the reward in the cooperation condition, whereas the winner took all the reward in the competition condition, thereby resulting in dynamic strategic interactions. To calculate the cerebral coherence in such jittered event-related fMRI tasks, we first iteratively estimated the feedback-related blood oxygenation level-dependent responses of each trial, using 8 finite impulse response functions (16 s) and then concatenated the beta volume series.

Intra-orbitofrontal cortex injection of haloperidol removes the beneficial effect of methylphenidate on reversal learning of spontaneously hypertensive rats in an attentional set-shifting task.

Numerous studies suggest that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is caused by deficits in catecholaminergic systems. Furthermore, dysfunctions of prefrontal cortex can impair inhibitory controls of ADHD patients, resulting in their impulsive behaviors. Researchers also find that rats with lesions in the orbitofrontal cortex show deficits in the reversal learning of attentional set-shifting task (ASST), a behavioral test frequently used in human studies to asses the inhibition system.