Wine Fermentation as a Model System for Microbial Ecology and Evolution.

In vitro microbial communities have proven to be invaluable model systems for studying ecological and evolutionary processes experimentally. However, it remains unclear whether quantitative insights obtained from these laboratory systems can be applied to complex communities assembling and evolving in their natural ecological context. To bridge the gap between the lab and the 'real-world', there is a need for laboratory model systems that better approximate natural and semi-natural ecosystems.

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology as Frameworks to Study Wine Fermentations.

Winemaking has leveraged microbiology to enhance wine quality, typically by engineering and inoculating individual yeast strains with desirable traits. However, yeast strains do not grow alone during wine fermentation, rather they are embedded in diverse and evolving microbial communities exhibiting complex ecological dynamics. Understanding and predicting the interplay between the yeast community over the course of the species succession and the chemical matrix of wine can benefit from recognising that wine, like all microbial ecosystems, is subject to general ecological and evolutionary rules.

Ammonia or Methanol Would Enable Subsurface Liquid Water at the Martian South Pole.

The notion of liquid water beneath the ice layer at the south polar layered deposits (SPLD) of Mars is an interesting possibility given the implications for astrobiology and possible human habitation. A body of liquid water located at a depth of 1.5 km has been inferred from radar data in the South Polar Cap.

Post-surgery sequelae unrelated to disease progression and chemotherapy revealed in follow-up of patients with stage III colon cancer.

Background: We studied the poorly-known dynamics of circulating DNA (cir-nDNA), as monitored prospectively over an extended post-surgery period, in patients with cancer.

Methods: On patients with stage III colon cancer (N = 120), using personalised molecular tags we carried out the prospective, multicenter, blinded cohort study of the post-surgery serial analysis of cir-nDNA concentration. 74 patients were included and 357 plasma samples tested.

Identifying transmission in a hospital outbreak investigation using whole-genome sequencing and SNP phylogenetic analysis.

poses a global public health challenge, causing multiple outbreaks within healthcare facilities. Despite advancements in strain typing for various infectious diseases, a consensus on the genetic relatedness threshold for identifying transmission in local hospital outbreaks remains elusive. We investigated genetic variations within our local isolate collection using whole-genome-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phylogenetic analysis.

Kidney transplant to vesicostomy: A safe strategy for children with end stage renal disease and lower urinary tract anomalies.

Introduction: Resolution of underlying urinary tract anomalies prior to kidney transplantation in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to uropathy, has been historically supported under the argument that this would help prevent infectious complications and graft loss. We propose to perform earlier kidney transplantation with a transient vesicostomy, deferring resolution of the uropathy to the post-transplantation period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of kidney transplantation in children with a vesicostomy.

Fast relocking and afterslip-seismicity evolution following the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake in Chile.

Large subduction earthquakes induce complex postseismic deformation, primarily driven by afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation, in addition to interplate relocking processes. However, these signals are intricately intertwined, posing challenges in determining the timing and nature of relocking. Here, we use six years of continuous GNSS measurements (2015-2021) to study the spatiotemporal evolution of afterslip, seismicity and locking after the 2015 Illapel earthquake ([Formula: see text] 8.

Urological outcome with the use of salvage continent vesicostomy in pediatric reconstructive surgery. A single tertiary center experience.

Purpose: To report our experience and results in terms of complications, reoperation rate and urinary continence with the Salvage Continent Vesicostomy (SCV) technique in pediatric patients with history or need of enterocystoplasty and absent appendix.

Methods: Retrospective review of all patients with a history of a continent catheterizable channel surgery performed in our institution between June 2016 and January 2022. Only patients with a SCV surgery with a minimum 6-month post operative follow up were included in this cohort and divided in group 1 (history of previous bladder augmentation) and group 2 (simultaneous bladder augmentation and SCV).

Predictability of the community-function landscape in wine yeast ecosystems.

Predictively linking taxonomic composition and quantitative ecosystem functions is a major aspiration in microbial ecology, which must be resolved if we wish to engineer microbial consortia. Here, we have addressed this open question for an ecological function of major biotechnological relevance: alcoholic fermentation in wine yeast communities. By exhaustively phenotyping an extensive collection of naturally occurring wine yeast strains, we find that most ecologically and industrially relevant traits exhibit phylogenetic signal, allowing functional traits in wine yeast communities to be predicted from taxonomy.

Bronchogenic Cyst: Lessons Learned in 20 Years of Experience at a Tertiary Pediatric Center.

Background: Bronchogenic cysts are benign congenital malformations of the primitive ventral foregut. The aim of this study is to analyze and report 20 years of experience in the diagnosis and treatment of bronchogenic cysts at a tertiary pediatric center.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients diagnosed with a bronchogenic cyst between 2000-2020.

Impact of rare yeasts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine fermentation performance: Population prevalence and growth phenotype of Cyberlindnera fabianii, Kazachstania unispora, and Naganishia globosa.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a highly fermentative species able to complete the wine fermentation. However, the interaction with other non-Saccharomyces yeasts can determine the fermentation performance of S. cerevisiae.

Latitudes and attitudes: A multinational study of laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children.

Purpose: The Anderson-Hynes technique has been the treatment of choice for primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children. Laparoscopic approach has shown similar outcomes to open, with advantages of shorter hospital stay and less pain. We reviewed the experience of 11 geographically diverse, tertiary pediatric urology institutions focusing on the outcomes and complications of laparoscopic pyeloplasty.

Multicenter comparative study of open, laparoscopic, and robotic pyeloplasty in the pediatric population for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).

Introduction: Dismembered open pyeloplasty described by Anderson and Hynes is the "gold standard" for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction. The aim of our study was to compare the results of open (OP) vs laparoscopic (LP) vs robotic (RALP) pyeloplasty.

Material And Methods: A multicenter prospective review was conducted of pyeloplasty surgeries performed at five high-volume centers between 2014 and 2018.

The first synthesis of an isocyanide-functionalized imidazolium salt and transition metal complexes thereof.

An isocyanide-functionalized imidazole was obtained from 4-(1-imidazol-1-yl)aniline by the Ugi method and subsequently transformed into the corresponding imidazolium salt by treatment with MeI. Coordination of the isocyanide residue allowed the synthesis of several transition metal complexes containing a peripheral imidazolium cation, which are suitable starting materials for the formation of mixed ligand isocyanide-NHC heterometallic complexes.

Expectable diversity patterns in wine yeast communities.

Wine fermentations are dominated by Saccharomyces yeast. However, dozens of non-Saccharomyces yeast genera can be found in grape musts and in the early and intermediate stages of wine fermentation, where they co-exist with S. cerevisiae.

AgO versus CuO in the Catalytic Isomerization of Coordinated Diaminocarbenes to Formamidines: A Theoretical Study.

DFT theoretical calculations for the AgO-induced isomerization process of diaminocarbenes to formamidines, coordinated to Mn(I), have been carried out. The reaction mechanism found involves metalation of an N-H residue of the carbene ligand by the catalyst AgO and the formation of a key transition state showing a μ-η:η coordination of the formamidinyl ligand between manganese and silver, which allows a translocation process of Mn(I) and silver(I) ions between the carbene carbon atom and the nitrogen atom, before the formation of the formamidine ligand is completed. Calculations carried out using CuO as a catalyst instead of AgO show a similar reaction mechanism that is thermodynamically possible, but highly unfavorable kinetically and very unlikely to be observed, which fully agrees with experimental results.

Nephro-urological outcomes of a proactive management of children with spina bifida in their first 5 Years of life.

Introduction: The proactive management of spina bifida (SB), especially of its severe form, myelomeningocele (MMC), has contributed to decreasing chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of this study is to present the evolution of 5-year-old patient with MMC followed from birth with a proactive approach.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 55 cases with MMC of up to 5 years of age.

Fast-running theropods tracks from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja, Spain.

Theropod behaviour and biodynamics are intriguing questions that paleontology has been trying to resolve for a long time. The lack of extant groups with similar bipedalism has made it hard to answer some of the questions on the matter, yet theoretical biomechanical models have shed some light on the question of how fast theropods could run and what kind of movement they showed. The study of dinosaur tracks can help answer some of these questions due to the very nature of tracks as a product of the interaction of these animals with the environment.

Training and competition injury epidemiology in professional basketball players: a prospective observational study.

Background: There is a lack of epidemiological data comparing the characteristics of injuries sustained during basketball matches vs. training taking into account incidence, type of injury, body location and risk factors associated with the development of the injury.

Purpose: The main aim of the present study was to analyze the incidence and characteristics of training vs.

"Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour as an unusual cause of ureteric graft obstruction in a child".

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA virus with oncogenic potential, especially in immunocompromised patients. EBV can promote smooth muscle proliferation, resulting in EBV-associated smooth muscle tumors (EBV-SMT).

Methods: We report a case of a 10-year-old child with end-stage renal disease secondary to hypoplastic crossed and fused kidneys who underwent kidney transplantation.

Global distribution of IRC7 alleles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations: a genomic and phenotypic survey within the wine clade.

The adaptation to the different biotic and abiotic factors of wine fermentation has led to the accumulation of numerous genomic hallmarks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains. IRC7, a gene encoding a cysteine-S-β-lyase enzyme related volatile thiols production in wines, has two alleles: a full-length allele (IRC7 ) and a mutated one (IRC7 ), harbouring a 38 bp-deletion. Interestingly, IRC7 -encoding a less active enzyme - appears widespread amongst wine populations.