Using ThinPrep Papanicolaou test samples to evaluate sexually transmitted infection screening practices.

Introduction: We sought to evaluate the use of Papanicolaou samples as a screening tool for sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Methods: Retrospective chart review analyzing Papanicolaou samples for STI. Samples were processed and results compared to clinical data to assess this technique's viability.

Intra-cardiac lidocaine administration to induce fetal demise before late second-trimester abortion: Retrospective review.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of intra-cardiac lidocaine administration to induce fetal demise before second-trimester medication abortion in a teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review to collect selected sociodemographic and clinical information. All patients who received fetal intra-cardiac lidocaine between January 1, 2019 and April 30, 2019 were included in the study.

The vaginal microbiota, high-risk human papillomavirus infection, and cervical cytology: results from a population-based study.

Background: The relationship between the vaginal microbiota, high-risk human papillomavirus infection, and abnormal cervical cytology has not been well characterized. Our objective was to characterize the vaginal microbiota in a stratified random sample of women from a population-based study in Appalachia.

Methods: We analyzed a random sample of 308 women in the Community Access, Resources and Education: Project 3 study across 16 clinics in Ohio and West Virginia.

Scaling Up a Global Health and Disparities Path of Excellence Pilot Program at the University of Michigan Medical School.

Problem: Transforming medical school curricula to train physicians to better address society's needs is a complex task, as students must develop expertise in areas other than clinical medicine.

Approach: In 2010, the University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS) launched the Global Health and Disparities (GHD) Path of Excellence as part of a larger curriculum transformation. The GHD Path is a co-curriculum with the goal of ameliorating health disparities in the United States and abroad.

Impact of the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System on the Progression of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in a Baboon Model.

Background: Understanding the relationship between the levonorgestrel (LNG)-releasing intrauterine system (IUS) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is increasingly important as use of the LNG-IUS grows to include women at higher risk for STIs. This study assessed the impact of the LNG-IUS on development of Chlamydia trachomatis pelvic inflammatory disease, using a baboon model.

Methods: Baboons with and those without the LNG-IUS were cervically inoculated with C.

Effects of intrauterine contraception on the vaginal microbiota.

Objectives: There have been conflicting reports of altered vaginal microbiota and infection susceptibility associated with contraception use. The objectives of this study were to determine if intrauterine contraception altered the vaginal microbiota and to compare the effects of a copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) and a levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) on the vaginal microbiota.

Study Design: DNA was isolated from the vaginal swab samples of 76 women using Cu-IUD (n=36) or LNG-IUS (n=40) collected prior to insertion of intrauterine contraception (baseline) and at 6 months.

Prevalence and geographical distribution of Papio hamadryas papillomavirus 1 (PhPV1) in Kenyan baboons.

Papio hamadryas papillomavirus (PhPV) 1, 2, and 3, are Alphapapillomaviruses that have been detected in Kenyan Olive baboons but the distribution is unknown. Therefore, cervical screening for PhPV1 was performed in baboons from various areas in Kenya using a nested polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence rate was 33%.

Sonographic diagnosis of partial versus complete molar pregnancy: A reappraisal.

Purpose: To assess the prospective sonographic diagnosis of molar pregnancy and compare sonographic features of complete versus partial molar pregnancy.

Methods: This institutional review board--approved retrospective chart review conducted between 2001 and 2011 identified 70 women with a histopathologic diagnosis of molar pregnancy and with available sonograms. Clinical data, images, and reports were reviewed, and features enumerated by radiologists blinded to the final diagnosis.

The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system is associated with delayed endocervical clearance of Chlamydia trachomatis without alterations in vaginal microbiota.

Progestin-based contraception may impact women's susceptibility to sexually transmitted infection. We evaluated the effect of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) on cervical persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in a baboon model. Female olive baboons (Papio anubis) with or without an LNG-IUS received CT or sham inoculations.

The influence of quarantine on reproductive cycling in wild-caught Baboons (Papio anubis).

Stress impacts nonhuman primate menstrual cycle length but the impact of quarantine is unknown. A retrospective analysis was performed on cycle data from 31 wild-caught baboons during and following quarantine. Cycling initiated in 94 days (19-181) and length normalized within 4-6 cycles.

Cervical Cancer Screening, Pelvic Examinations, and Contraceptive Use Among Adolescent and Young Adult Females.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the association between pelvic examination and adolescent contraceptive method use in two time periods in the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG).

Methods: Using data from the 2006-2010 NSFG, we used descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models to examine the association between pelvic examination and/or Pap smear and use of effective or highly effective contraceptive methods during two time periods (2006-2008 and 2008-2010). We used the design characteristics of the NSFG to produce population estimates.

Animal models of contraception: utility and limitations.

Appropriate animal modeling is vital for the successful development of novel contraceptive devices. Advances in reproductive biology have identified novel pathways for contraceptive intervention. Here we review species-specific anatomic and physiologic considerations impacting preclinical contraceptive testing, including efficacy testing, mechanistic studies, device design, and modeling off-target effects.

Feasibility of LNG-IUS in a baboon model.

Background: The baboon (Papio hamadryas anubis) is an attractive model for intrauterine contraception research due to anatomic similarity to the human. Although non-human primates have previously been used for intrauterine contraception research, it was unknown whether modern intrauterine devices (IUDs) can be placed in an anatomically similar position in the baboon. This study sought to determine whether human-use IUDs could be seated correctly in the uterus of the baboon.

The effects of a single cervical inoculation of Chlamydia trachomatis on the female reproductive tract of the baboon (Papio anubis).

Background: The baboon (Papio hamadryas anubis) can be transcervically instrumented, facilitating studies of intrauterine contraception and reproductive tract infection. We sought to determine if the baboon could become infected with a single cervical inoculation of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Methods: Ten female baboons were randomized and inoculated cervically with C.

Nonhuman primate models used to study pelvic inflammatory disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a global health concern that is associated with significant morbidity and is a major cause of infertility. Throughout history animals have been used for anatomical studies and later as models of human disease. In particular, nonhuman primates (NHPs) have permitted investigations of human disease in a biologically, physiologically, and anatomically similar system.

Treatment of early pregnancy failure: does induced abortion training affect later practices?

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between induced abortion training and views toward, and use of, office uterine evacuation and misoprostol in early pregnancy failure (EPF) care.

Study Design: We surveyed 308 obstetrician-gynecologists on their knowledge and attitudes toward treatment options for EPF and previous training in office-based uterine evacuation.

Results: Sixty-seven percent of respondents reported training in office uterine evacuation, and 20.