Pharmacist-led transition of care services in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic scoping review.

Introduction: Transition of care (ToC) is a critical time that requires effective management, especially for patients with cardiovascular disease, who have complex health needs. Pharmacists can play an integral role in improving medication safety and care coordination at ToC. This review determined the types of pharmacist-led multidisciplinary ToC services and associated outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease.

3D printed tablets for personalised dose titration of prednisone using selective laser sintering.

The recent clinical emergence of 3D printing in pharmaceutical development has opened the possibility for a shift away from standardised medication dosing and towards more precise and personalised medicines and treatments. Prednisone is a commonly utilised steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that often requires complex combinations of tablets to achieve dosage regimens and titration, which can lead to poor adherence and adverse effects. This study utilised selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing to produce custom prednisone tablets of various clinically relevant doses with high accuracy.

Tobacco, nicotine, and cannabis use and exposure in an Australian Indigenous population during pregnancy: A protocol to measure parental and foetal exposure and outcomes.

Background: The Australian National Perinatal Data Collection collates all live and stillbirths from States and Territories in Australia. In that database, maternal cigarette smoking is noted twice (smoking <20 weeks gestation; smoking >20 weeks gestation). Cannabis use and other forms of nicotine use, for example vaping and nicotine replacement therapy, are nor reported.

3D printing tablets for high-precision dose titration of caffeine.

Through 3D printing (3DP), many parameters of solid oral dosage forms can be customised, allowing for truly personalised medicine in a way that traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing would struggle to achieve. One of the many options for customisation involves dose titration, allowing for gradual weaning of a medication at dose intervals smaller than what is available commercially. In this study we demonstrate the high accuracy and precision of 3DP dose titration of caffeine, selected due to its global prevalence as a behavioural drug and well-known titration-dependent adverse reactions in humans.

-Pregnane Glycosides from Australian Caustic Vine ( subsp. ).

subsp. , more commonly known as caustic vine, is a leafless succulent that grows in the northern arid zone of Australia. Toxicity toward livestock has been reported for this species, along with use in traditional medicine and its potential anticancer activity.

3D printing hybrid materials using fused deposition modelling for solid oral dosage forms.

3D printing in the pharmaceutical and healthcare settings is expanding rapidly, such as the rapid prototyping of orthotics, dental retainers, drug-loaded implants, and pharmaceutical solid oral dosage forms. Through 3D printing, we have the capability to precisely control dose, release kinetics, and several aesthetic features of dosage forms such as colour, shape, and texture. Additionally, polypills can be created with combinations of medications in one solid dosage form at completely customisable strengths that would be extremely difficult to obtain commercially.

Interaction of Opioids with TLR4-Mechanisms and Ramifications.

The innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is known as a sensor for the gram-negative bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TLR4 activation leads to a strong pro-inflammatory response in macrophages; however, it is also recognised to play a key role in cancer. Recent studies of the opioid receptor (OR)-independent actions of opioids have identified that TLR4 can respond to opioids.

Protein Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oral Delivery of Coenzyme-Q10: and Studies.

Coenzyme-Q10 (CoQ10) is a hydrophobic benzoquinone with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is known to reduce oxidative stress in various health conditions. However, due to the low solubility, permeability, stability, and poor oral bioavailability, the oral dose of CoQ10 required for the desired therapeutic effect is very high.

PLGA encapsulated γ-cyclodextrin-meropenem inclusion complex formulation for oral delivery.

Meropenem (MER) is one of the last resort antibiotics used to treat resistant bacterial infections. However, the clinical effectiveness of MER is hindered due to chemical instability in aqueous solution and gastric pH, and short plasma half-life. Herein, a novel multi-material delivery system based on γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) is demonstrated to overcome these challenges.

Discovery of drug-like acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by rapid virtual screening of a 6.9 million compound database.

Cholinesterase inhibitors remain the mainstay of Alzheimer's disease treatment, and the search for new inhibitors with better efficacy and side effect profiles is ongoing. Virtual screening (VS) is a powerful technique for searching large compound databases for potential hits. This study used a sequential VS workflow combining ligand-based VS, molecular docking and physicochemical filtering to screen for central nervous system (CNS) drug-like acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) amongst the 6.

Recent Advances in Virtual Screening for Cholinesterase Inhibitors.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a significant health crisis, and current treatments provide only limited benefits to cognition at the cost of serious side effects. Recently, virtual screening techniques such as ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) and structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) have emerged as powerful drug discovery tools for identifying potential ligands of a biological target from a large database of chemical structures. The cholinesterases are an AD target particularly well suited for drug discovery using virtual screening due to their well-characterized active sites and comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationships of existing inhibitors.

Rapid discovery of a selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor using structure-based virtual screening.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are the mainstay of Alzheimer's disease treatments, despite having only short-term symptomatic benefits and severe side effects. Selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors (BuChEIs) may be more effective treatments in late-stage Alzheimer's disease with fewer side effects. Virtual screening is a powerful tool for identifying potential inhibitors in large digital compound databases.

Effect of the Biphenyl Neolignan Honokiol on Aβ-Induced Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans, Aβ Fibrillation, Cholinesterase Activity, DPPH Radicals, and Iron(II) Chelation.

The biphenyl neolignan honokiol is a neuroprotectant which has been proposed as a treatment for central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The death of cholinergic neurons in AD is attributed to multiple factors, including accumulation and fibrillation of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) within the brain; metal ion toxicity; and oxidative stress. In this study, we used a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model expressing full length Aβ as a convenient in vivo system for examining the effect of honokiol against Aβ-induced toxicity.