Effect of the Thermal Activation on the Adsorption Capacity of Cationic and Anionic Dyes in Magnetic Carbon.

The sustainable synthesis of multifunctional magnetic carbons was achieved using sugar cane bagasse by hydrothermal carbonization with ferric nitrate, followed by thermal activation under CO and N at 500-900 °C. Structural, magnetic, and surface characterizations were performed to evaluate their physicochemical properties and explore their potential for environmental applications, including the adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes. Activation at 700 °C significantly enhanced the material properties, particularly under N, yielding a high specific surface area (241 m g), notable magnetization (27.