Bone mineral density predicts survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) being a common complication that significantly worsens prognosis. Recent studies have identified bone mineral density (BMD) as a prognostic factor in patients with HCC; however, its role in patients with PVTT remains unexplored. This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic value of BMD in 462 patients with HCC and PVTT treated between 2005 and 2020.

LI-RADS: concordance between energy-integrating computed tomography, photon-counting detector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) offers technical advantages over energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) for liver imaging. However, it is unclear whether these translate into clinical improvements regarding the classification of suspicious liver lesions using the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS). This study compared the intra- and intermodal agreement of EID-CT and PCD-CT with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for liver lesion classification.

Whole-body Dual-source Photon-counting CT in Multiple Myeloma-The Value of Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging for Lesion Vitality Assessment.

Rationale And Objectives: Dual-source photon-counting CT (DS-PCCT) facilitates an unprecedented combination of spectral information and ultra-high resolution in whole-body imaging of multiple myeloma. This study explored the distinct characteristics of soft tissue, fat, and calcium in virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) with low photon energy, aiming to identify criteria of lesion vitality.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 51 patients with multiple myeloma (67.

Motion-Insensitive Flip Angle Modulated Liver Proton Density Fat-Fraction and R2* Mapping During Free-Breathing MRI in a Clinical Setting.

Background: Breath-held quantitative three-dimensional chemical-shift-encoded (3D-CSE)-MRI is widely used for liver fat and iron quantification but is limited in patients unable to hold breath. Motion-insensitive two-dimensional flip angle modulated (2D-FAM) acquisitions with short temporal aperture may address this limitation.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of 2D-FAM-based CSE-MRI during free-breathing for quantifying proton density fat-fraction (PDFF) and R2*-based liver iron concentration (LIC).

Influence of CT Radiation Dose and Field-of-View on Automatic Morphometry for Cochlear Implant Planning.

Introduction: In cochlear implantation (CI), precise preoperative cochlear duct length (CDL) and angular insertion depth (AID) measurements are pivotal for individualized electrode carrier selection, since recipients benefit from sufficient cochlear coverage of the electrode carrier, enabling electric stimulation of all crucial frequency bands. Since the quality of temporal bone CT largely depends on acquisition and reconstruction settings and is limited by the technical capabilities of the CT scanner, this study aims to assess how radiation dose and reconstruction field-of-view (FOV) affect automatic cochlear morphometry and electrode contact determination in conventional multislice CT.

Methods: Twenty fresh-frozen human petrous bone specimens were examined at three radiation dose levels (40, 20, and 10 mGy) using a multislice CT scanner.

Real-time dosimetry in interventional radiology - comparing the occupational radiation exposure in fluoroscopy-guided lower extremity and abdominal procedures.

Objective: Radiation safety concerns have spurred the development of real-time dosimetry systems. This study investigated the occupational dose exposure of interventional radiologists during lower extremity and abdominal procedures.

Materials And Methods: Real-time dosimetry was performed during 102 consecutive interventions (51 lower extremity, 51 abdominal).

Osteointegration and remodeling of a novel mineral magnesium phosphate-based bone glue in-vivo.

BackgroundBone adhesives represent a major challenge in the field of materials science. Magnesium phosphate-based mineral bone cements exhibit high biocompatibility, particularly for the use as bone substitutes. In combination with calcium ions and phytic acid as liquid components, these cements demonstrate adhesive properties and potentially represent a promising new type of bone glue.

Magnetic particle imaging angiography of the femoral artery in a human cadaveric perfusion model.

Background: Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) allows for radiation-free visualization of tracers without background signal. With the first human-sized interventional MPI scanner being recently developed, the aim of the present study was to test its performance for guiding of endovascular procedures in a realistic perfusion model.

Methods: Three fresh-frozen cadaveric legs were prepared to establish continuous circulation in the superficial femoral artery via introducer sheaths in the inguinal and infragenicular region.

Patient Shielding in Ultra-High-Resolution Cone-Beam CT of the Upper Extremity with a Twin Robotic X-Ray System.

Gantry-free cone-beam CT (CBCT) allows for ultra-high-resolution (UHR) upper extremity imaging in a comfortable tableside position. The aim of this study was to assess the organ-specific radiation burden and the effect of dedicated lead shielding in the UHR-CBCT of the wrist and elbow. A modified Alderson-Rando phantom was scanned with the tableside UHR-CBCT mode of a twin robotic X-ray system employing identical scan parameters for wrist and elbow imaging.

Feasibility and safety of impact-loading exercise in patients with multiple myeloma-a pilot study.

Purpose: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) develop osteolytic lesions with fractures, pain, and impaired quality of life. Preclinical data show an anabolic effect of loading exercise in osteolytic lesions of MM. This 6-month pilot study evaluated feasibility and safety of impact-loading exercise in patients with MM after assessment of spinal stability.

Diagnostic limitations in advanced stage peripheral arterial disease in a cadaveric study comparing photon-counting and energy-integrating CT detectors.

To evaluate the limits of 1st-generation dual-source photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) and 3rd-generation dual-source energy-integrating-detector (EID-CT) regarding imaging of advanced stage peripheral arterial disease (ASPAD) of the femoral runoff. One human cadaver with ASPAD of the superficial femoral arteries was surgically prepared to establish continuous extracorporeal perfusion of the right upper leg. In addition to one stent already in place, three more stents were deployed in positions with severe calcification and stenosis to create thirteen different scenarios of ASPAD.

Pre- and Postoperative Imaging of Cochlear Implantation in Cadaveric Specimens Using Low-Dose Photon-Counting Detector CT.

Background And Purpose: Anatomically adapted cochlear implantation and efficient postoperative cochlear implant-fitting strategies benefit from reliable and highly detailed imaging techniques. Since image quality in CT is related to the applied radiation dose, this study aimed to evaluate low-dose cochlear imaging with a photon-counting detector by investigating the accuracy of pre- and postoperative cochlear analysis.

Materials And Methods: Photon-counting CT images of 10 temporal bone specimens were acquired with 3 different radiation dose levels (regular dose: 27.

Gantry-free cone-beam CT arthrography for diagnosis of scapholunate ligament injuries: accelerating the preoperative work-up in acute wrist trauma.

Objective: Combining fluoroscopy and high-resolution cone-beam CT (CBCT) in a multipurpose scanner without a conventional gantry holds the potential for time-saving in musculoskeletal interventions. This study investigated the performance of gantry-free CBCT arthrography in patients with suspected scapholunate ligament (SLL) tears.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-five patients (29 men, 46.

Gadopiclenol Enables Reduced Gadolinium Dose While Maintaining Quality of Pulmonary Arterial Enhancement for Pulmonary MRA: An Opportunity for Improved Safety and Sustainability.

Rationale And Objectives: Pulmonary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is an imaging method with proven utility for the exclusion of pulmonary embolism and avoids the need for ionizing radiation and iodinated contrast agents. High-relaxivity gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), such as gadopiclenol, can be used to reduce the required gadolinium dose for pulmonary MRA. The aim of this study was to compare the contrast enhancement performance of gadopiclenol with an established gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced pulmonary MRA protocol.

Deep learning-assistance significantly increases the detection sensitivity of neurosurgery residents for intracranial aneurysms in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a deep learning model (DLM) in improving the sensitivity of neurosurgery residents to detect intracranial aneurysms on CT angiography (CTA) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: In this diagnostic accuracy study, a set of 104 CTA scans of aSAH patients containing a total of 126 aneurysms were presented to three blinded neurosurgery residents (a first-year, third-year, and fifth-year resident), who individually assessed them for aneurysms. After the initial reading, the residents were given the predictions of a dedicated DLM previously established for automated detection and segmentation of intracranial aneurysms.

The Impact of Ureteral Access Sheaths on Radiation Exposure in the Ureterorenoscopic Treatment of Urolithiasis.

Introduction: Ureteral access sheaths (UASs) are widely used in the endoscopic treatment of urolithiasis. In modern medicine, radiation exposure from diagnostics and therapy is increasing; however, the impact of UAS on procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, and radiation exposure is still uncertain.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,026 patients who received ureterorenoscopic treatment for nephrolithiasis between 2016 and 2018 at a large academic center.

Combined influence of quantum iterative reconstruction level and kernel sharpness on image quality in photon counting CT angiography of the upper leg.

Aim was to evaluate the influence of different quantum iterative reconstruction (QIR) levels on the image quality of femoral photon-counting CT angiographies (PCD-CTA).Ultra-high resolution PCD-CTA were obtained from both extremities of five extracorporeally-perfused cadavers using constant tube voltage and maximum radiation dose (71.2 ± 11.

The Value of Second-look Ultrasound and Mammography for Assessment and Biopsy of MRI-detected Breast Lesions.

Rationale And Objectives: Suspicious lesions detected in multiparametric breast MRI can be further analyzed with second-look ultrasound (SLUS) and/or mammography. This study aims to assess the value of second-look imaging in selecting the appropriate biopsy method for different lesion characteristics.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2023, 212 women underwent contrast-enhanced multiparametric breast MRI at 3 Tesla.

Technical and clinical success analysis of transarterial embolization therapy in type II endoleaks following endovascular aortic repair.

This single-center study investigated the safety and efficacy of transarterial embolization of type II endoleaks for expanding aneurysm sacs following endovascular aortic repair (EVAR).36 patients (33 men, 75.9±6.

Non-contrast-enhanced MR-angiography of Extracranial Arteries in Acute Ischemic Stroke at 1.5 Tesla Using Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography Without Contrast and Triggering (REACT).

Purpose: To evaluate a novel flow-independent sequence (Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography without Contrast and Triggering (REACT)) for imaging of the extracranial arteries in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at 1.5 T.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 47 AIS patients who received REACT (scan time: 3:01 min) and contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) of the extracranial arteries at 1.

Endovascular therapy in intermittent claudication: Impact of IVUS guidance on treatment decisions.

Conservative therapy is favored over revascularization for patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication (IC) owing to the better long-term results. The adjunctive use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) significantly improves endovascular therapy. However, data on IVUS and IC is scarce.

Advanced Lung Imaging with Photon-counting Detectors: Insights from Thermoluminescence Dosimetry.

Rationale And Objectives: This study investigates the dose burden of photon-counting detector (PCD) lung CT with ultra-high-resolution (UHR) and standard mode using organ-based tube current modulation (OBTCM).

Materials And Methods: An anthropomorphic Alderson-Rando phantom was scanned in UHR and standard mode with and without OBTCM on three dose levels (IQ 5, 20, 50). Effective radiation dose was determined by thermoluminescent dosimetry in 13 measurement sites and compared with the calculated effective dose derived from the dose-length product.