Concordance between FVC and FEV for identifying chronic airflow obstruction and spirometric restriction in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study.

Introduction: We investigated whether the forced expiratory volume in 6 s (FEV) can be used as a surrogate for the forced vital capacity (FVC).

Methods: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease is a multinational cohort study. At baseline, data were collected from adults, aged 40 years or older, from 41 sites across 34 countries.

Fibular length and vital capacity in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease follow-up study.

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Quality of life associated with breathlessness in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study: A cross-sectional analysis.

Introduction: Evidence of an association between breathlessness and quality of life from population-based studies is limited. We aimed to investigate the association of both physical and mental quality of life with breathlessness across several low-, middle- and high-income countries.

Methods: We analysed data from 19 714 adults (31 sites, 25 countries) from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study.

Bronchodilator responsiveness and future chronic airflow obstruction: a multinational longitudinal study.

Background: Bronchodilator responsiveness testing is mainly used for diagnosing asthma. We aimed to investigate whether it is associated with progression to chronic airflow obstruction over time.

Methods: The multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease cohort study surveyed adults, aged 40 years and above, at baseline and followed them up after a mean of 9.

Optimal spirometry thresholds for the prediction of chronic airflow obstruction: a multinational longitudinal study.

Introduction: Chronic airflow obstruction is key for COPD diagnosis, but strategies for its early detection are limited. We aimed to define the optimal z-score thresholds for spirometry parameters to discriminate chronic airflow obstruction incidence.

Methods: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study is a multinational cohort study.

Effect of vitamin A on adult lung function: a triangulation of evidence approach.

Background: Vitamin A, an essential micronutrient obtained through the diet, plays a crucial role in lung development and contributes to lung regeneration. We aimed to investigate its effect on adult lung function using triangulation of evidence from both observational and genetic data.

Methods: Using data on 150 000 individuals from UK Biobank and correcting for measurement error (generalised structural equation modelling), we first investigated the association of dietary vitamin A intake (total vitamin A, carotene and retinol) with lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV)/FVC)).

Lung function and onset of cardiometabolic diseases in the longitudinal Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.

Introduction: Previous population-based studies, mainly from high-income countries, have shown that a higher forced vital capacity (FVC) is associated with a lower risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between spirometry measures and the onset of cardiometabolic diseases across sites in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries.

Methods: The study population comprised 5916 individuals from 15 countries participating in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease baseline and follow-up assessments.

Text messaging to improve connection between adolescents and their health care providers.

Objective: Adolescence marks a time of transition where teenagers are learning to advocate for themselves. In those with underlying chronic conditions such as adolescent dysautonomia, improving communication between clinic visits may improve connection with their health care provider which may aide management. Our aims were as follows: (1) to implement a text message platform to increase communication between adolescent patients and health care provider (HCP); (2) to evaluate its effect on quality of life (QoL), symptom burden, and patient engagement; and (3) to determine patient satisfaction with the platform.

Vaccination with folate receptor-alpha peptides in patients with ovarian cancer following response to platinum-based therapy: A randomized, multicenter clinical trial.

Objective: Folate receptor alpha (FRα) is overexpressed on >90% of high-grade epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Targeting FRα with antibody-drug conjugates has proven utility in the platinum-resistant setting. It is also a potential therapeutic target for immuno-oncologic agents, such as peptide vaccines that work primarily via adaptive and humoral immunity.

Effect of distance to tertiary centre on enrolment of paediatric patients with relapsed or refractory cancer on early phase clinical trials in British Columbia.

Objectives: Access to early phase trials for children with relapsed, refractory or progressive (RRPD) cancer is limited in Canada. Patients and families face barriers to access trials, which are poorly understood. The aims of this study were to assess availability of early phase trials and examine the impact of distance from home to study centre on trial enrolment among paediatric oncology patients with RRPD.

Mortality risk associated with occupational exposures in people with small airways obstruction.

Background: Small airways obstruction (SAO) has been associated with occupational exposures. Whether exposure to harmful occupational agents impacts the survival of people with SAO is unknown. Our aim was to estimate the mortality risk associated with occupational exposures among people with SAO.

Investigating the use of finerenone in children with chronic kidney disease and proteinuria: design of the FIONA and open-label extension studies.

Introduction: Proteinuria is a modifiable risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in children. Finerenone, a selective, non-steroidal, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) has been approved to treat adults with CKD associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following results from the phase III clinical trials FIDELIO-DKD (NCT02540993) and FIGARO-DKD (NCT02545049). In a pre-specified pooled analysis of both studies (N = 13,026), finerenone was shown to have an acceptable safety profile and was efficacious in decreasing the risk of adverse kidney and cardiovascular outcomes and of proteinuria.

Feasibility study of micronutrient status and body mass index of newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients: Research commentary.

We conducted a feasibility study to evaluate micronutrients and body mass index (BMI). Fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and trace elements copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) levels were evaluated. Weight, height, BMI, and Z-scores were recorded.

Effects of testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin on lung function in males and females: a multivariable Mendelian Randomisation study.

Background: Observational studies suggest that total testosterone (TT) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) may have beneficial effects on lung function, but these findings might be spurious due to confounding and reverse causation. We addressed these limitations by using multivariable Mendelian randomisation (MVMR) to investigate the independent causal effects of TT and SHBG on lung function.

Methods: We first identified genetic instruments by performing genome-wide association analyses of TT and SHBG in the large UK Biobank, separately in males and females.

Gas cooking indoors and respiratory symptoms in the ECRHS cohort.

Background: Gas cooking is an important source of indoor air pollutants, and there is some limited evidence that it might adversely be associated with respiratory health. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the multi-centre international European Community Respiratory Health Survey, we assessed whether adults using gas cookers have increased risk of respiratory symptoms compared to those using electric cookers and tested whether there was effect modification by a priori selected factors.

Methods: Data on respiratory symptoms and gas cooking were collected from participants at 26-55 and 38-67 years (median time between examinations 11.

Sunglasses for painful red eye.

We present the case of a 62-year-old man who developed an acutely painful red eye with severe photophobia while in an oncology ward after spinal radiotherapy. In a joint effort between palliative care, oncology and ophthalmology clinicians, he was diagnosed with herpes simplex viral keratitis. This was treated with topical and systemic antiviral medication, as well as corticosteroids.

An 8-Week Virtual Exercise Training Program for Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Purpose: Musculoskeletal strength can be impaired in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Exercise training programs can be beneficial but in-person delivery can be challenging; virtual exercise programs can alleviate some of these challenges. This feasibility study aimed to deliver an 8-week virtual exercise program in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients.

Isolated small airways obstruction predicts future chronic airflow obstruction: a multinational longitudinal study.

Background: Chronic airflow obstruction is a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We investigated whether isolated small airways obstruction is associated with chronic airflow obstruction later in life.

Methods: We used longitudinal data from 3957 participants of the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.

A cluster randomised controlled trial to reduce respiratory effects of cotton dust exposure among textile workers: the MultiTex RCT study.

Background: We determined the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce cotton dust-related respiratory symptoms and improve lung function of textile workers.

Methods: We undertook a cluster randomised controlled trial at 38 textile mills in Karachi, Pakistan. The intervention comprised: training in occupational health for workers and managers, formation of workplace committees to promote a health and safety plan that included wet mopping and safe disposal of cotton dust, provision of simple face masks, and further publicity about the risks from cotton dust.

SNPs inandgenes are associated with FeNO in adult subjects with asthma.

Nitric oxide has different roles in asthma as both an endogenous modulator of airway function and a pro-inflammatory mediator. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a reliable, quantitative, non-invasive, simple, and safe biomarker for assessing airways inflammation in asthma. Previous genome-wide and genetic association studies have shown that different genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are linked to FeNO.

Impact of long-term exposure to ambient ozone on lung function over a course of 20 years (The ECRHS study): a prospective cohort study in adults.

Background: While the adverse effects of short-term ambient ozone exposure on lung function are well-documented, the impact of long-term exposure remains poorly understood, especially in adults.

Methods: We aimed to investigate the association between long-term ozone exposure and lung function decline. The 3014 participants were drawn from 17 centers across eight countries, all of which were from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS).

Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with Total IgE in Adult Subjects with Asthma.

The allergic asthma phenotype is characterized by a T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response, based on Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Total IgE is the sum of all IgE types produced by the human body and is used as a biomarker of inflammation in asthma. We analysed data collected in 143 asthma cases (median age 42.