Rates, Risk Factors, and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A 15-Year Retrospective Study from a Regional Center in New Zealand.

Aims: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary microvascular complication associated with diabetes. Evidence on DR prevalence among children in New Zealand is scarce. We examined DR rates and associated risk factors in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) aged <16 years receiving care from a regional diabetes service in January 2006-December 2020.

Pilot study to test the safety, tolerability and feasibility of dulaglutide during a low-energy diet for weight loss and improved glycaemic control.

Introduction: Diabetes and obesity are significant public health concerns. Previous studies have demonstrated that low energy diets are effective in promoting weight loss and inducing diabetes remission. However, hunger is a potential barrier to adherence for such diets.

High rates of the SDHB p.Arg46Gln pathogenic variant predisposes New Zealand Māori to phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma.

Background: Phaeochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL; together PPGL) are rare tumours of the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal paraganglia. They may secrete catecholamines with significant cardiovascular effects. Management of PPGL is predominantly surgical, despite the anaesthetic risks related to potential haemodynamic instability.

Tumour-induced osteomalacia due to a durally-based intracranial phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour.

A man in his 40s was referred with persistent hypophosphataemia and bony pain. A serum fibroblast growth factor 23 level was markedly elevated and a diagnosis of tumour-induced osteomalacia was considered. Whole body imaging revealed multiple insufficiency fractures but no osseus tumours.

Mortality after discharge from hospital following an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Aims: The rate of inpatient mortality associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has steadily decreased in recent decades. However, there remains a significantly increased outpatient death rate following an episode of survived DKA. We undertook this study to investigate the observed increase in mortality following an episode of DKA.

Increased Peripheral Blood Heteroplasmy of the mt.3243A>G Mutation Is Associated with Earlier End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The mitochondrial DNA mutation mt.3243A>G is most commonly associated with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIM 52,000), but it has protean phenotypes including renal disease due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. We describe monozygotic twins who both harboured this mutation and developed ESRD.

The Fentanyl Patch Boil-Up - A Novel Method of Opioid Abuse.

Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic used in the treatment of pain. Transdermal fentanyl patches are now widely utilized as an acceptable and efficacious method of medication delivery. Unfortunately, the potential for their abuse is well recognized.