Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Sleep Dysfunction.

Neurodegeneration in dementia with Lewy bodies affects all crucial networks responsible for sleep control and as a result, the sleep cycle is heavily disturbed. Certain sleep syndromes such as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and hypersomnia are particularly common and characteristic features of the disease, but patients also suffer from insomnia, sleep disordered breathing, movement disorders during sleep, or nighttime urinary dysfunction. Several treatment options are available nowadays; however, more trials on efficacy and safety in this population are still needed.

Ultrasonographically measured atrophy of vagus nerve in Parkinson's Disease: clinical and pathogenetic insights plus systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: According to the current Parkinson's Disease (PD) pathogenesis hypotheses, the vagus nerve (VN) is essential for disease development. It has been identified as a main entry point for misfolded α-synuclein to the central nervous system, and surgical vagotomy appears to limit disease progress both in animal models and in humans. A recent approach tried to assess VN size in PD patients via neck ultrasonography, but the clinical value of this method is yet to be established.

The Role of Arginine-Vasopressin in Stroke and the Potential Use of Arginine-Vasopressin Type 1 Receptor Antagonists in Stroke Therapy: A Narrative Review.

Stroke is a life-threatening condition in which accurate diagnoses and timely treatment are critical for successful neurological recovery. The current acute treatment strategies, particularly non-invasive interventions, are limited, thus urging the need for novel therapeutical targets. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptor antagonists are emerging as potential targets to treat edema formation and subsequent elevation in intracranial pressure, both significant causes of mortality in acute stroke.

Reduced midbrain raphe echogenicity in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.

Objectives: The pathogenesis of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is unclear. Transcranial ultrasonography revealed anechoic alteration of midbrain raphe in depression and anxiety disorders, suggesting affection of the central serotonergic system. Here, we assessed midbrain raphe echogenicity in FMS.

Seasonal changes of internet searching suggest circannual rhythmicity of primary headache disorders.

Objective: To investigate whether web searching for headache disorders presents some circannual rhythm.

Background: Studies support the influence of seasonal rhythms in primary headache disorders such as cluster headache (CH) and episodic migraine. We investigated whether internet users' searching for headaches reflect these circannual rhythms.

COVID-19 pandemic influence on epilepsy course in pediatric patients.

Introduction: In 2020, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as a global pandemic. Self-reported stress, anxiety, and insomnia, which are believed to be common triggers for epilepsy, are more likely to occur. We aimed to establish the influence of COVID-19 pandemic itself on changes in the daily life routine related to pandemic on epilepsy course in pediatric patients.