Association between long-term exercise with different osteogenic index, dietary patterns, body composition, biological factors, and bone mineral density in female elite masters athletes.

This study evaluated the association between long-term exercise with different osteogenic index, dietary patterns, body composition, biological factors, and bone mineral density (BMD) in 199 female elite masters athletes endurance athletes (EA), speed-power athletes (SPA), and throwing athletes (TA). Bone parameters in the distal (dis) and proximal (prox) parts of the forearm were measured by densitometry. Body compositions were analyzed using bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Analysis of Nutrition Knowledge After One Year of Intervention in a National Extracurricular Athletics Program: A Cross-Sectional Study with Pair-Matched Controls of Polish Adolescents.

Nutrition knowledge may be translated into adequate dietary intake and proper eating habits, so adolescent education programs focusing on improving eating habits and nutrition knowledge are needed. The aim of the cross-sectional study with pair-matched controls was to assess the Consumer Nutrition Knowledge Scale (CoNKS) results and its determinants after one year of intervention in a national extracurricular athletics program within a pair-matched sample of Polish adolescents. The #goathletics Study evaluated a Polish national extracurricular athletics program, 'Athletics for all', being a voluntary and free-of-charge physical activity program organized by the Polish Athletics Association.

Relation between skin temperature and muscle stiffness in masters athletes: Effect of specific training adaptation.

Aging process is correlated with negative changes in muscles properties such as their thermal responsiveness and stiffness. At the same time masters athletes are often considered as an exemplars of successful aging. Taking this into account, the aim of the study was to establish thermal portrait of lower limbs in Masters Athletes in Track & Field competing in 200 m race as well as to find out the effect of exercise on muscle stiffness.

Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Polish Elite Athletes.

Energy efficiency is one of the fundamental athletic performance-affecting features of the cell and the organism as a whole. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and haplogroups have been linked to the successful practice of various sports, but despite numerous studies, understanding of the correlation is far from being comprehensive. In this study, the mtDNA sequence and copy number were determined for 99 outstanding Polish male athletes performing in power (n = 52) or endurance sports (n = 47) and 100 controls.

Transmission Distortion of MCT1 rs1049434 among Polish Elite Athletes.

Background: To date, nearly 300 genetic markers were linked to endurance and power/strength traits. The current study aimed to compare genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the common polymorphisms: rs1049434, rs12594956, rs1052373 and rs1799945 in Polish elite athletes versus nonathletes.

Methods: The study involved 101 male elite Polish athletes and 41 healthy individuals from the Polish population as a control group.

Does predicted age at peak height velocity explain physical performance in U13-15 basketball female players?

Background: The aims of the study were (1) to identify the physical fitness and basic anthropometric characteristics of Polish female basketball players aged 13-15 years, (2) to show the effect of maturity timing on the performance in motor tests and basic body composition parameters, (3) to identify the index that contributes most to the prediction of performance in the tests of speed, jumping ability, agility, and endurance.

Methods: The sample included 904 female Polish players (U13-15). In part 1, maturity timing category distribution were examined within across age-groups.

Rare Variant in the SLC6A2 Encoding a Norepinephrine Transporter Is Associated with Elite Athletic Performance in the Polish Population.

Numerous genetic factors have been shown to influence athletic performance, but the list is far from comprehensive. In this study, we analyzed genetic variants in two genes related to mental abilities, rs1805065) and (rs2635438) in a group of 890 athletes (320 endurance, 265 power, and 305 combat athletes) vs. 1009 sedentary controls.

Bone mineral density in elite masters athletes: the effect of body composition and long-term exercise.

Background: The purpose of the study was to examine how bone mineral density (BMD) is related to body composition depending on the practiced sport (endurance, speed-power, throwing sports) in participants of the World Masters Athletics Championship.

Methods: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to determine BMD and bone mass (BMC). Body composition was analyzed by means of the JAWON Medical X-scan analyzer using bioelectrical impedance methods.

The Second-to-Fourth Digit (2D:4D) Ratio of Male Combat Athletes is Associated with the Choice of Sport.

The second-to-fourth-digit (2D:4D) ratio has been widely used as a putative marker of prenatal exposure to testosterone in health, behavioral and sport sciences, but it has only been used few times regarding combat athletes. This study involved 200 male elite combat athletes (Olympic wrestling, kickboxing, judo, taekwondo and karate) and 179 males not participating in any sports. The lengths of the index finger (2D) and ring (4D) finger were measured using computer-assisted image analysis (AutoMetric 2.

To Be a Champion of the 24-h Ultramarathon Race. If Not the Heart ... Mosaic Theory?

This comprehensive case analysis aimed to identify the features enabling a runner to achieve championship in 24-h ultramarathon (UM) races. A 36-year-old, multiple medalist of the World Championships in 24-h running, was assessed before, one and 10 days after a 24-h run. Results of his extensive laboratory and cardiological diagnostics with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and a one-time cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) were analyzed.

Common Myelin Regulatory Factor Gene Variants Predisposing to Excellence in Sports.

In all sport disciplines, excellent coordination of movements is crucial for achieving mastery. The ability to learn new motor skills quickly and effectively is dependent on efficient myelination which varies between individuals. It has been suggested that these differences may play a role in athletic performance.

Bone Mineral Density in Adolescent Boys: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Physical inactivity of children can be a precursor of reduced bone mineral density, considered to be a typical problem only in old age. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density in 96 Polish boys aged 14-17 years with varied physical activity (swimmers, track and field athletes, non-athletes) and the effect of bone composition, birth weight and breastfeeding during infancy on bone parameters. Anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed according to the kinanthropometric standards.

Changes in the Hormonal Profile of Athletes following a Combat Sports Performance.

Results: Following fighting, the adrenaline concentration was significantly higher in all athletes, most markedly in K ( < 0.001). Baseline cortisol and BDNF levels did not differ among the groups and rose significantly in all the groups after the performance.

Does the type of foam roller influence the recovery rate, thermal response and DOMS prevention?

Purpose: Supporting post-exercise recovery requires choosing not only the right treatment but also the equipment, in which the impact is not always clear. The study aimed to determine the effect of foam rolling on the rate of lactate removal and DOMS prevention and whether the type of foam roller is effective in the context of post-exercise recovery.

Methods: This randomized trial enrolled 33 active healthy males divided into three groups of eleven individuals: foam rolling with a smooth (STH) or grid roller (GRID) or passive recovery (PAS).

Assessment of the Health-Related Behaviors of Men Practicing Combat Sports and Martial Arts.

Background: Physical activeness is one of the main elements of lifestyle in terms of preventing civilization diseases. The main purpose of this study was to assess the selected health behaviors of men practicing combat sports and martial arts and to find out what features or variables may have an influence one's lifestyle.

Methods: Overall, 561 men aged 17-35 yr were enrolled and divided into three groups.

Modified aging of elite athletes revealed by analysis of epigenetic age markers.

Recent progress in epigenomics has led to the development of prediction systems that enable accurate age estimation from DNA methylation data. Our objective was to track responses to intense physical exercise of individual age-correlated DNA methylation markers and to infer their potential impact on the aging processes. The study showed accelerated DNA hypermethylation for two CpG sites in and .

Evaluation of the Health-related Behaviour of Pregnant Women from Warsaw, Poland.

Background: Pregnancy is a period of time when women tend to suffer from the weakening of their psychophysical fitness. This research evaluated several selected elements of the lifestyle of pregnant women compared to those of non-pregnant women.

Methods: Overall, 482 women attended to the Childbirth School in Gynecological-Obstetric Hospital "Inflancka" in Warsaw, Poland, in the years 2011-2013; Group 1 contained 214 pregnant, and Group 2 contained 268 non-pregnant completed a survey inquiry.

Skin temperature response to unilateral training measured with infrared thermography.

This study aimed to identify the skin temperature (Tsk) behavior to understand the acute cross-effect after unilateral training of lower-limbs. Seventeen healthy young men (weight, 75.2±5.

Thermographic imaging in sports and exercise medicine: A Delphi study and consensus statement on the measurement of human skin temperature.

The importance of using infrared thermography (IRT) to assess skin temperature (t) is increasing in clinical settings. Recently, its use has been increasing in sports and exercise medicine; however, no consensus guideline exists to address the methods for collecting data in such situations. The aim of this study was to develop a checklist for the collection of t using IRT in sports and exercise medicine.

The use of thermal imaging to assess the effectiveness of ice massage and cold-water immersion as methods for supporting post-exercise recovery.

Cold water immersion (CWI) and ice massage (IM) are commonly used treatments to prevent the delay onset of muscle soreness (DOMS); however, little is known on their relative benefits and effectiveness to lower tissue temperature. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of IM and CMI on tissue temperature and potential benefit to preventing DOMS. The research encompassed 36 subjects divided into three groups of twelve depending on the form of recovery: ice massage (IM), cold-water immersion (CWI), or passive recovery (PAS).

Evaluation of effectiveness of kinesiology taping as an adjunct to rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preliminary report.

BACKGROUND. Kinesiology Taping (KT) is being increasingly more often used in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of Kinesiology Taping on rehabilitation outcomes in patients following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.