Red Cotton Stamen Extracts Mitigate Ferrous Sulfate-Induced Oxidative Stress and Enhance Quality in Bull Frozen Semen.

Infertility is a significant global health concern, and incorporating antioxidants into sperm preparation media is one strategy to enhance sperm quality and decrease infertility rates. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical compounds of red cotton stamen extracts and their effects as antioxidants in improving the quality of bull frozen semen. Among the extracts, RCU contained the highest levels of total phenolics, total tannins, and total monomeric anthocyanins along with the strongest ABTS free radical scavenging activity and protein denaturation inhibition.

An Overview of Advancements in Proteomic Approaches to Enhance Livestock Production and Aquaculture.

Proteomics, the large-scale study of proteins and their functions, is an essential tool in biological research, particularly in livestock production and aquaculture. This review explores the significance of proteomic techniques and technologies in enhancing agricultural practices. Key methods, including mass spectrometry, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and protein microarrays, enable researchers to analyze protein complexity in biological systems.

Effects of dietary corn silk (Zea mays L.) on growth, immune and antioxidant pathways, histological morphology, gut microbiome, and sensitivity to acute ammonia exposure in the koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi).

Corn silk is a promising aquafeed additive due to its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the impact of graded dietary levels of powdered corn silk (PCS) on growth, immunity, antioxidant enzyme activities, histology, gut microbiota composition, gene expression profiles, and sensitivity to acute ammonia exposure in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi).

Evaluation of the relative gene expression of FGF2, HAS2, BCL2, VEGFA, and PGR in repeat-breeder cows undergoing cyclicity or acyclicity.

Repeat breeder syndrome (RBS) is one of the main reproductive failures in mono-ovulatory dairy cattle. The differential relative expression of several important genes in the ovary and uterus were evaluated in repeat-breeder dairy cattle. Cows classified as RBS, defined as those that had failed to conceive after at least three consecutive inseminations, with no clinical abnormalities.

Effect of eCG on Terminal Follicular Growth and Corpus Luteum Development and Blood Perfusion in Estrous-Synchronized White Lamphun Cattle.

Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) has been shown to improve reproductive performance in cattle by stimulating terminal follicular growth. This study was designed to assess the effects of 400 IU of eCG on TFG and its consequences for luteal development in indigenous cows undergoing ovulation synchronization. Specifically, we investigated the follicular and luteal dynamics following eCG treatment using structural markers (follicular and luteal diameters and luteal area) and functional markers (P4 profiles and luteal blood perfusion) to evaluate CL development.

Improving the meiotic competence of small antral follicle-derived porcine oocytes by using dibutyryl-cAMP and melatonin.

Objective: We increased the nuclear maturation rate of antral follicle derived oocytes by using a pre-in vitro maturation (IVM) culture system and improved the developmental potential of these porcine pathenotes by supplementing with melatonin. Furthermore, we investigated the expression patterns of genes involved in cumulus expansion (HAS2, PTGS2, TNFAIP6, and PTX3) derived from small and medium antral follicles before and after oocyte maturation.

Methods: Only the cumulus oocyte-complexes (COCs) derived from small antral follicles were induced with [Pre-SF(+)hCG] or without [Pre-SF(-)hCG] the addition of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during the last 7 h of the pre-IVM period before undergoing the regular culture system.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP-15) Improves In Vitro Mouse Folliculogenesis.

Multilayered secondary follicles were encapsulated in a 0.5% alginate matrix and cultured in a 3D culture system supplemented with bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15; 15 ng/mL) for 12 days. The in vitro development of ovarian follicles was evaluated.

Increased luteal tissues after secondary corpus luteum formation leads to enhanced progesterone concentrations and improved fertility in repeat-breeder dairy cows during heat stress condition in tropical climate.

Relatively, little is known about the corpus luteum (CL) function in early pregnancy after the successful treatment of luteal phase deficiency in repeat-breeder dairy cows when exposed to extreme environments under tropical climate. To investigate the influence of increased tissues of corpora lutea (CLs) by inducing secondary CL based on progesterone (P4) concentration and fertility in repeat-breeder dairy cows undergoing the fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol, 32 cows were treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 5 post-induction (experiment 1). In experiment 2, 213 cows were bred using the short-term FTAI protocol.

Ovarian luteal category at the time of exogenous progesterone treatment alters pre-ovulatory follicle size and pregnancy outcome but not initial GnRH treatment in repeat-breeder crossbred dairy heifers submitted to the 7-day fixed-time AI protocol.

Repeat breeding is a substantial problem in heifer and cow breeding leading to greater infertility for female dairy herds. The aim of present study was to investigate the impact of corpus luteum (CL) presence and category and the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration concurrent with exogenous progesterone (P4) treatment on the largest follicle (LF) size and pregnancy rate (PR) in repeat-breeder crossbred dairy heifers submitted to the fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) protocol. Heifers (= 243) were synchronised with (+GnRH) or without (-GnRH) first GnRH in the 7-day P4-GnRH-prostaglandin F2α-based programme.

Understanding the Ovarian Interrelationship with Low Antral Follicle Counts (AFC) in the In Vivo Cow Model: Unilateral and Bilateral Main AFC as Possible Biomarkers of Ovarian Response to Hormonal Synchronisation.

The antral follicle count (AFC) is a test in which the number of oocyte-containing follicles that are developing in both ovaries are visually counted. The count of these follicles strongly relates to the population of the growing follicle reserve on the ovaries. However, the importance of the main number of antral follicle populations (mAFC) in mono-ovulatory animal species has yet to be completely elucidated.

In Vivo Follicular and Uterine Arterial Indices as an Indicator of Successful Hormonal Stimulation for Inactive Ovaries in Repeat-Breeder Crossbred Dairy Cows Using a Short-Term Progesterone-Based Programme.

An investigation of vascularity of ovarian and uterine arteries after hormonal treatment for inactive ovaries using the short-term progesterone-based programme had not yet been explored in repeat-breeder crossbred dairy cows. To investigate the in vivo follicular and uterine arterial indices as an indicator of successful hormonal stimulation for inactive ovaries in repeat-breeder crossbred dairy cattle, 59 cows with inactive ovaries were induced with a 5-day progesterone-based protocol. At the completion of hormonal synchronisation, cows were divided into two groups according to the size of the largest follicle (LF) on their ovary: small (≤10.

Associations among thermal biology, preovulatory follicle diameter, follicular and luteal vascularities, and sex steroid hormone concentrations during preovulatory and postovulatory periods in tropical beef cows.

The objectives were to evaluate effects of tropical seasons on thermal biology, preovulatory follicle (POF) diameter, POF and luteal vascularities, and estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations; and to determine the associations among the values for these variables during preovulatory and postovulatory periods in Thai native cows in tropical climates: cold, hot, and rainy seasons. Development and vascularity of the POF and corpora lutea (CL) were evaluated using color Doppler ultrasonography. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was greater when the preovulatory period occurred during the rainy season when compared with the occurrence during the hot and cold seasons of the year.

Uterine artery flow velocity waveform, arterial flow indices, follicular dynamics, and sex hormones during preovulatory period in synchronized ovulatory cycle of Bos indicus beef cows.

A greater understanding of the uterine artery's (UtA) biology is essential to the increase in female reproductive abilities. The UtA flow velocity waveform, blood flow volume (BFV), pulsatility and resistance indices (PI and RI), blood flow velocities, dynamics of the dominant follicle (DF), and estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels in an induced ovulatory cycle were evaluated in Thai native cattle. Twenty cows were induced with synchronized ovulation through a P4-releasing device, from Day -9 to Day -4, concurrent with the administration of two doses of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone on Day -9 and Day -1, and two doses of prostaglandin F on Day -4 and 8 h later.