Using computational fluid dynamics to assess trait functions of life at low Reynolds numbers.

We applied computational fluid dynamic simulations to three-dimensional (3D) computer models of diatoms to assess the effect of trait functions on niche space without the confounding influence of correlated traits. Sinking behavior of phytoplankton was assessed via computer-simulated experiments to test the physics of life at low Reynolds numbers. Specifically, 3D models of Stephanodiscus niagarae were constructed across the middle of the species size range and were placed in simulations to assess variance in the sinking and acceleration rates of the cells.