Comparative Efficacy of Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF) Agents and Corticosteroids in Managing Diabetic Retinopathy-Associated Diabetic Macular Edema: A Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Systematic Review.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a significant condition linked to diabetes that can result in visual loss. In recent times, there has been a notable change in the desire for treatment, with a shift toward anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy and intravitreal steroids while moving away from conventional laser therapies. This comprehensive meta-analysis explicitly compares the efficacy of two therapies for DME: anti-VEGF therapy and corticosteroid.

The prevalence of deep Venous thrombosis of the lower extremity in hospitalised bedridden orthopaedic patients: a pilot study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of objectively confirmed deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities in bedridden hospitalised orthopaedic patients who received no thromboprophylaxis.

Methods: The prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, from April to June 2021, and included all patients aged ≥40 years admitted for intended major lower limb surgery and expected to be confined to the bed for at least 4 days. Duplex ultrasound scanning of both legs was used to confirm deep vein thrombosis.

Is Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Good Choice For Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures In Elderly: Multicentric Prospective Study At Karachi.

Background: To analyse the functional outcome of primary cemented bipolar hemi arthroplasty (PCBH) for unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly patients.

Methods: : It was a multicentre prospective study conducted at Institute of Orthopaedics & Surgery, Medicare Cardiac & General Hospital and Dr Ruth K M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from February 2015 to July 2020. Thirty-eight patients of 60-90 years of either gender diagnosed as close UIF, severe osteoporosis as per Singh index grade ≤3, time since injury <2 weeks, ASA status II & III and pre-injury independent walking were enrolled in this study.

A Case Report of Advanced Cervical Cancer in a Patient Non-compliant With Age-Appropriate Screening.

Cervical carcinoma is one of the preventable malignancies in the United States. Age-appropriate screening has decreased the incidence of cervical cancer. A multitude of age-appropriate screening methods is available including Papanicolaou (Pap) smear cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing, and visual inspection tests.

Treatment of high-energy intra-articular fractures of tibia with Ilizarov external fixator in adults: A tertiary centre experience.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of the Ilizarov fixator in the proximal and distal fractures of the tibia.

Materials And Methodology: This retrospective study reviewed 59 patients having high-energy intra-articular proximal and distal tibia fractures associated with severe soft-tissue injury, who were managed surgically with an Ilizarov fixator. The functional outcome was evaluated by using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scoring system (AOFAS) and the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) Italy scoring system for tibial plateau and plafond fractures respectively.

Role of denosumab before resection and reconstruction in giant cell tumors of bone: a single-centered retrospective cohort study.

Background: Denosumab has been approved by Food and Drug Authority in 2013 for use in surgically unresectable Giant cell tumor (GCT) to achieve resectable tumor margins. The aim of this study is to investigate the functional outcome and surgical convenience with the use of neoadjuvant denosumab before resection and reconstruction in Campanacci grade III GCT.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 70 cases of Campanacci grade III GCT receiving resection and reconstruction between January 2014 and December 2019.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children presenting with supracondylar fractures of humerus.

Objective: The purpose of the current analysis is to evaluate the predominance of vitamin D inadequacy in children with supracondylar fracture of the humerus.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Dr Ruth K. M.

Predictive Factors Associated With Fear Faced by Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Questionnaire-Based Study.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since the beginning has been a reason of fear among healthcare workers (HCWs) due to the increased mortality, especially in the HCWs themselves. In this survey study, we aimed to explore the predictive factors associated with fear faced by HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the areas which need to be addressed to reduce it. Methods On May 14, 2020, we conducted an observational, cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire, consisting of the following two parts: (1) focused on factors associated with HCWs' fear of getting an infection and being a source of carrying the infection to whom they care, and (2) focused on factors associated with HCWs' fear of uncertainty and lack of support from concerned health authorities.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Workers Regarding the Use of Face Mask to Limit the Spread of the New Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).

Introduction Many countries including Pakistan are currently using face masks in their pandemic control plans. Being highly prevalent, the correct use of these masks is particularly important, as an incorrect use and disposal may actually increase the rate of transmission. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) in wearing a surgical face mask to limit the spread of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Ilizarov External Fixation: Percutaneous Gigli Saw Versus Multiple Drill-hole Osteotomy Techniques for Distraction Osteogenesis.

Introduction Many different methods and variations have been employed to perform osteotomy for deformity correction, bone lengthening, and segmental bone transport. Currently, multiple drill-hole (MDH) and Gigli saw osteotomies are the two most preferred ones, being favoured over other techniques. Our objective is to compare the modified healing index (mHI) of these two commonly used procedures.

Surgical Fixation of Atypical Femur Fractures in Bisphosphonate-treated Patients.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of the surgical fixation of atypical femoral fractures in bisphosphonate-treated patients with an intramedullary device. Materials and methods This multicentric study was carried out at the department of orthopedics, Dr. Ruth Phau Civil Hospital and Medicare Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, between 2013 and 2018.

Fixation of Metacarpal Fractures Using Intramedullary Headless Compression Screws: A Tertiary Care Institution Experience.

Introduction Metacarpal fractures account for the majority of hand fractures. Inadequate management can cause functional deficit which can lead to loss of fine hand movements. Adequate management has proven to give good outcomes.

Pattern of Infecting Microorganisms and Their Susceptibility to Antimicrobial Drugs in Patients with Diabetic Foot Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

Diabetes mellitus is a universal health problem, with its prevalence in Pakistan making it among the top 10 countries in the world. Approximately 13.9 million people in Pakistan will have developed diabetes by 2030.

Outcome of one stage combined open reduction, pelvic and derotation femoral osteotomy in congenital dislocated hips of children younger than three years age.

Objective: To determine the outcome of one-stage combined operative management of congenital dislocation of hips in children aged 18-36 months.

Methods: The descriptive case series study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from January 2005 to December 2011. Children aged 18-36 months suffering from congenital dislocation of hips were included.