Denys-Drash syndrome, septated vagina and low level of anti-Mullerian hormone in male neonate.

There is a wide variety of genital abnormalities observed in patients with Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS). WT1 is thought to influence the genes related to genital development and mutations in this gene have been associated with DDS. DDS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborns with genital anomalies.

Radiographic diagnosis of occult distal fibular avulsion fracture in children with acute lateral ankle sprain.

Background: Skeletally immature children with ankle sprain are presumed to have distal fibula fracture than ligamentous injury. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of associated occult avulsion fracture in children with lateral ankle sprain and the efficacy of identifying fractures using anterior talofibular ligament view.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with distal fibular fracture in the initial ankle anteroposterior, lateral, and mortise were excluded and 78 patients (below 16 y of age) who had been initially diagnosed as ankle sprain were included.

Motoric cognitive risk syndrome: multicountry prevalence and dementia risk.

Objectives: Our objective is to report prevalence of motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a newly described predementia syndrome characterized by slow gait and cognitive complaints, in multiple countries, and its association with dementia risk.

Methods: Pooled MCR prevalence analysis of individual data from 26,802 adults without dementia and disability aged 60 years and older from 22 cohorts from 17 countries. We also examined risk of incident cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination decline ≥4 points) and dementia associated with MCR in 4,812 individuals without dementia with baseline Mini-Mental State Examination scores ≥25 from 4 prospective cohort studies using Cox models adjusted for potential confounders.

Age and gender patterns in associations between lifestyle factors and physical performance in older Korean adults.

Purpose: To investigate age and gender patterns in associations between lifestyle factors and physical performance in community-dwelling older Korean adults.

Design And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population-based sample of an urban area. Randomly sampled older Korean adults (n=664; mean age, 74.

The association of self-leadership, health behaviors, and posttraumatic growth with health-related quality of life in patients with cancer.

Purpose: We tried to evaluate the association of self-leadership, effective health behaviors, and posttraumatic growth with health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods: We recruited survivors of cancer from seven hospitals in Korea between 2011 and 2012. The patients completed the Seven Habits Profile (7HP) to evaluate leadership competency, the 10 rules for highly effective health behavior to evaluate health behavior, the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) to evaluate posttraumatic growth, the Short Form 36 (SF-36) to evaluate HRQOL, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to evaluate anxiety and depression.

Psychometric properties of scale constructed from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core set for breast cancer based on Rasch analysis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to construct a clinical instrument to measure functioning in breast cancer survivors using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) categories for body functions, activity and participation, and environmental factors, based on a Rasch analysis.

Methods: Items were generated from the brief ICF core set for breast cancer and in-depth interviews from eight oncologists. Psychometric properties were evaluated in 158 female Korean patients with breast cancer using Rasch analysis, such as fit of the ICF categories, targeting between the ICF categories and a person's abilities, unidimensionality, and reliability.

Comparative analysis between thoracic spinal cord and sacral neuromodulation in a rat spinal cord injury model: a preliminary report of a rat spinal cord stimulation model.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare a neuroprotective effect of thoracic cord neuromodulation to that of sacral nerve neuromodulation in rat thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) model.

Methods: Twenty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal control group (n=5), SCI with sham stimulation group (SCI, n=5), SCI with electrical stimulation at thoracic spinal cord (SCI + TES, n=5), and SCI with electrical stimulation at sacral nerve (SCI + SES, n=5). Spinal cord was injured by an impactor which dropped from 25mm height.

Sarcopenia: an independent predictor of mortality in community-dwelling older Korean men.

Background: The concept of sarcopenia has expanded recently to include muscle strength or physical performance. We investigated whether the Europe Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) definition of sarcopenia predicts the risk of all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This study included 284 men and 272 women aged 65 and older.

Wafer-scale growth of single-crystal monolayer graphene on reusable hydrogen-terminated germanium.

The uniform growth of single-crystal graphene over wafer-scale areas remains a challenge in the commercial-level manufacturability of various electronic, photonic, mechanical, and other devices based on graphene. Here, we describe wafer-scale growth of wrinkle-free single-crystal monolayer graphene on silicon wafer using a hydrogen-terminated germanium buffer layer. The anisotropic twofold symmetry of the germanium (110) surface allowed unidirectional alignment of multiple seeds, which were merged to uniform single-crystal graphene with predefined orientation.

Activation of β-catenin by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 ameliorates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in HEI-OC1 cells.

Cisplatin is used in the treatment of a wide variety of solid tumors, but its use is limited by its serious adverse effects, including ototoxicity. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase that regulates a variety of cellular functions by phosphorylating its substrates. However, the otoprotective effect of GSK-3 inhibitors is poorly understood.

Prevalence and outcomes of frailty in Korean elderly population: comparisons of a multidimensional frailty index with two phenotype models.

Background: Frailty is related to adverse outcomes in the elderly. However, current status and clinical significance of frailty have not been evaluated for the Korean elderly population. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of established frailty criteria for community-dwelling Korean elderly.

Efficacy of a training program for long-term disease- free cancer survivors as health partners: a randomized controlled trial in Korea.

Background: To determine whether the Health Partner Program is effective in training long-term cancer survivors to be health coaches.

Materials And Methods: We randomly assigned cancer survivors who were selected through a rigorous screening process to either the Health Partner Program or the waiting-list control group. The program consisted of 8 weeks of training in health management, leadership, and coaching.

Correlation between positive rate and number of biopsy samples on urease test in childhood Helicobacter pylori infection.

To identify the correlation between the number of gastric biopsy samples and the positive rate, we compared the results of urease test using one and three biopsy samples from each 255 children who underwent gastroduodenoscopy at Gyeongsang National University Hospital. The children were divided into three age groups: 0-4, 5-9, and 10-15 yr. The gastric endoscopic biopsies were subjected to the urease test.

Assessment of appendicular skeletal muscle mass by bioimpedance in older community-dwelling Korean adults.

It is crucial to investigate age-related body composition changes in geriatric medicine. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is easy to perform, non-invasive, relatively inexpensive, and portable. However, the accuracy of measurement by BIA is questionable.

Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α ligand, prevents abnormal liver function induced by a fasting-refeeding process.

Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist, is an anti-hyperlipidemic agent that has been widely used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. In this study, we examined the effect of fenofibrate on liver damage caused by refeeding a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice after 24h fasting. Here, we showed that refeeding HFD after fasting causes liver damage in mice determined by liver morphology and liver cell death.

Gastric autoantigenic proteins in Helicobacter pylori infection.

Purpose: This study tried to identify novel gastric autoimmune antigens that might be involved in aggravating the atrophic gastritis among patients with Helicobacter pylori infection using two-dimensional immunoblotting analysis.

Materials And Methods: Proteins from gastric mucosal antrectomy specimens and AGS cells (gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from a Caucasian patient who had received no prior therapy) were 2-dimensionally immunoblotted separately with a pool of 300 sera from H. pylroi-infected patients at Gyeongsang National University Hospital.

Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in a community-based elderly cohort: the korean longitudinal study on health and aging.

This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of dysphagia and evaluated the association of dysphagia and activities of daily living in a geriatric population residing in an independent-living facility in Korea. Korean men and women 65-yr and older living in a single, typical South Korean city (n=415) were enrolled in the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging study. Dysphagia was assessed using the Standardized Swallowing Assessment.

Influencing Factors to Results of the Urease Test: Age, Sampling Site, Histopathologic Findings, and Density of Helicobacter pylori.

Purpose: We investigated the positivity rate and the time period to the positive color change of the urease test in children and adults and assessed the correlation of the urease test to histopathologic findings.

Methods: From 1995 to 2000, endoscopic biopsies of the antrum and body were collected from 811 children and 224 adults and subjected to urease tests and histopathology.

Results: The positivity rate of the urease test was 49.

Establishment of a rabbit model of obstructive sleep apnea by paralyzing the genioglossus.

Importance: This study presents an innovative method for developing a neuromuscular model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Objective: To establish a new OSA animal model simulating real upper airway conditions during sleep.

Design And Setting: In vivo animal study at an academic tertiary referral center.

Sarcopenia and obesity: gender-different relationship with functional limitation in older persons.

Age-related body composition changes such as sarcopenia and obesity affect functional decline in the elderly. We investigated the relationship between body composition parameters and functional limitation in older Korean adults. We enrolled 242 men and 231 women aged ≥ 65 yr from the Korean elderly cohort.

Body composition, fitness level, anabolic hormones, and inflammatory cytokines in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Elastic band exercise is considered as an effective and safe resistance type of exercise. However, there is a paucity of knowledge of the physiological effect of long-term elastic band exercise in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 12-week elastic band exercise program on body composition, physical fitness, anabolic hormones, and inflammatory cytokines in the elderly.

Does venous thromboembolism affect rehabilitation after hip fracture surgery?

Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a serious and life-threatening complication in elderly (older than 65 years) patients undergoing hip fracture surgery (HFS). However, few have reported on the influences of VTE on postoperative rehabilitation in these patients. This study was performed to determine whether VTE affects clinical outcomes in patients who underwent HFS.

Multiple large splenic abscesses managed with computed tomography-guided percutaneous catheter drainage in children.

Splenic abscess is a rare finding in children. Splenectomy combined with broad-spectrum antibiotics has been the treatment of choice for multiple splenic abscesses. Herein, we report the case of a 14-year-old girl with multiple large splenic abscesses that were successfully managed after two image-guided percutaneous drainage procedures and administration of intravenous antibiotics.

Injection of porous polycaprolactone beads containing autologous myoblasts in a dog model of fecal incontinence.

Purpose: Few studies have examined whether bioengineering can improve fecal incontinence. This study designed to determine whether injection of porous polycaprolactone beads containing autologous myoblasts improves sphincter function in a dog model of fecal incontinence.

Methods: The anal sphincter of dogs was injured and the dogs were observed without and with (n = 5) the injection of porous polycaprolactone beads containing autologous myoblasts into the site of injury.

Quantitative comparison of CDKN2B methylation in pediatric and adult myelodysplastic syndromes.

Background/aims: Transcriptional repression of tumor suppressor genes is determined by the quantity of promoter hypermethylation. We analyzed the methylation quantity of CDKN2B in pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Methods: Quantitative measurement of CDKN2B methylation was performed in 25 pediatric MDS patients and 12 controls using pyrosequencing, and the result was compared with those from 74 adult MDS cases and 31 adult controls.