Breaking Boundaries: A Case Report of Giant Hiatal Hernia Housing Pancreas, Stomach, Small Bowel, and Colon.

Hiatal hernia (HH) is defined as the protrusion of abdominal contents through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the mediastinum. They are classified into categories I-IV. Type I, known as the sliding hernia, accounts for up to 90% of HH cases and are typically managed medically.

Molecular Mechanisms of KSHV Latency Establishment and Maintenance.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes results from recent studies that shed light on viral and cellular mechanisms that contribute to latency and persistence of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). We discuss the initial molecular events of latency establishment starting from entry of the viral genome into the nucleus to how viral genomes are properly segregated when latently infected cells undergo mitosis. Finally, we discuss the critical role of the latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) in orchestrating these processes.

Cognitive tasks could be biased towards generalists: a lesson from wild non-eusocial bees.

Ecological niches are closely intertwined with cognition in many animal lineages. For example, diet breadth is linked with performance on tasks measuring learning and exploration in several vertebrates, with generalists often exhibiting faster learning and more exploratory behavior than specialists. We compared associative learning performance and exploratory tendencies between dietary specialist and generalist bee (Anthophila) species using a closed-environment task with free-moving bees called the free-moving proboscis-extension response (FMPER).

A new look at Good Samaritans: task relevance of emotion impacts attention allocation to other people in need of help.

Paying attention to an emergency is a prerequisite for helping. However, previous evidence suggests that people often fail to notice emergencies. In contrast, the present study investigated whether inducing a background goal to notice the emotional state of others will enable attention allocation to others' distress.

Real World Multi-centre UK Review of Nivolumab Monotherapy in Metastatic Endometrial Cancer With Mismatch Repair Deficiency During COVID-19.

Introduction: Immunotherapy checkpoint inhibition has shown improvement in efficacy and survival in patients with mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) advanced endometrial cancer (mEC) compared to chemotherapy. This is combined with chemotherapy in the first-line setting or as monotherapy in later lines of therapy.

Objective: To assess the efficacy, survival and toxicity of nivolumab monotherapy in metastatic endometrial cancer (mEC) in both first and later lines of therapy as used in the NICE COVID-19 systemic anti-cancer (SACT) guidelines.