Longitudinal trends in produce purchasing behavior: a descriptive study of transaction level data from loyalty card households.

Background: Household food purchases (HFP) are in the pathway between the community food environment and the foods available in households for consumption. As such, HFP data have emerged as alternatives to monitor population dietary trends over-time. In this paper, we investigate the use of loyalty card datasets as unexplored sources of continuously collected HFP data to describe temporal trends in household produce purchases.

Participation in genetic research among Latinx populations by Latin America birth-residency concordance: a global study.

Latinx populations are underrepresented in DNA-based research, and risk not benefiting from research if underrepresentation continues. Latinx populations are heterogenous; reflect complex social, migration, and colonial histories; and form strong global diasporas. We conducted a global study using a survey tool (Amazon's Mechanical Turk portal) to ascertain willingness to participate in genetic research by Latin America birth-residency concordance.

Mental Health, Behavior Change Skills, and Eating Behaviors in Postpartum Women.

Excessive postpartum weight retention conveys risks for future metabolic diseases. Eating behaviors influence postpartum weight retention; however, the modifiable predictors of eating behaviors remain unclear. Using data from a three-arm, randomized controlled trial, the purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal associations of mental health (e.

Effects of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Phase Angle and Physical Function in Patients with Prostate Cancer on ADT.

Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly used to treat patients with advanced prostate cancer but is associated with functional decline. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle may reflect frailty and functional decline in cancer patients. High-dose vitamin D supplementation may improve phase angle values and physical function.

The Relative Costs of High- vs. Low-Energy-Density Foods and More vs. Less Healthful Beverages Consumed by Children.

Objective: To compare grocery costs between relatively high energy density foods and sugar-sweetened/high-fat beverages and lower energy density foods and more healthful beverages in children's diets.

Methods: Sixty foods were divided into high and low energy density baskets. Fourteen beverages were designated to either basket based on fat and added-sugar content.

The effectiveness of an online intervention in preventing excessive gestational weight gain: the e-moms roc randomized controlled trial.

Background: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is common and contributes to the development of obesity in women and their offspring. Electronic or e-health interventions have the potential to reach large groups of women and prevent excessive GWG, but their effectiveness has not been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in a real-world setting, the effectiveness of a self-directed, integrated online and mobile phone behavioral intervention in preventing excessive GWG.

eMoms: Electronically-mediated weight interventions for pregnant and postpartum women. Study design and baseline characteristics.

Background: The influence of childbearing in the development of obesity is situated within two different but related contexts: pregnancy-related weight gain and weight gain prevention and control in young adult women. Pregnancy related weight gain contributes to long-term weight retention in childbearing women.

Objective: To present the study design, data collection procedures, recruitment challenges, and the baseline characteristics for the eMoms of Rochester study, a randomized clinical trial testing the effect of electronically-mediated behavioral interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention among women aged 18-35 years of diverse income and racial/ethnic backgrounds in an urban setting.

Effects of yoga on cancer-related fatigue and global side-effect burden in older cancer survivors.

Background: Sixty percent of cancer survivors are 65years of age or older. Cancer and its treatments lead to cancer-related fatigue and many other side effects, in turn, creating substantial global side-effect burden (total burden from all side effects) which, ultimately, compromises functional independence and quality of life. Various modes of exercise, such as yoga, reduce cancer-related fatigue and global side-effect burden in younger cancer survivors, but no studies have specifically examined the effects of yoga on older cancer survivors.

Worksite Environmental Interventions for Obesity Prevention and Control: Evidence from Group Randomized Trials.

Worksites provide multiple advantages to prevent and treat obesity and to test environmental interventions to tackle its multiple causal factors. We present a literature review of group-randomized and non-randomized trials that tested worksite environmental, multiple component interventions for obesity prevention and control paying particular attention to the conduct of formative research prior to intervention development. The evidence on environmental interventions on measures of obesity appears to be strong since most of the studies have a low (4/8) and unclear (2/8) risk of bias.

Bacteremia in children with sickle hemoglobinopathies.

Background: Bacteremia is one of the most feared infectious complications of sickle cell disease, and it is associated with a high mortality rate in children. The objective of our study was to investigate the proportion of bacteremia among febrile children with sickle hemoglobinopathies and the clinical factors associated with bacteremia.

Methods: Clinical and microbiological data from children with sickle hemoglobinopathies being followed up at the Pediatric Hematology Clinic at the University of Rochester Medical Center in Rochester, New York, were retrospectively analyzed.

A multi-worksite analysis of the relationships among body mass index, medical utilization, and worker productivity.

Background: The relationships between worker health and productivity are becoming clearer. However, few large scale studies have measured the direct and indirect cost burden of overweight and obesity among employees using actual biometric values. The objective of this study was to quantify the direct medical and indirect (absence and productivity) cost burden of overweight and obesity in workers.

Association of workplace chronic and acute stressors with employee weight status: data from worksites in turmoil.

Objectives: To examine the independent and joint effects of psychosocial chronic and acute stressors with weight status and to report the intraclass correlation coefficient for body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Baseline data on 2782 employees from a group-randomized weight gain prevention intervention were examined to investigate the effect of high job strain and job insecurity on BMI and on the odds of overweight/obesity including potential confounders and mediating variables. Data were analyzed using mixed models.

Elevated blood pressure, race/ethnicity, and C-reactive protein levels in children and adolescents.

Objective: Adult hypertension is independently associated with elevated C-reactive protein levels, after controlling for obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of this study was to determine, with a nationally representative sample of children, whether the relationship between elevated blood pressure and C-reactive protein levels may be evident before adulthood.

Methods: Cross-sectional data for children 8 to 17 years of age who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1999 and 2004 were analyzed.

Discordance in the assessment of prepregnancy weight status of adolescents: a comparison between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sex- and age-specific body mass index classification and the Institute of Medicine-based classification used for maternal weight gain guidelines.

In 1990, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) issued maternal weight gain guidelines to prevent intrauterine growth retardation based on adult prepregnancy body mass index (BMI; calculated as kg/m(2)). A recent IOM report, however, expressed concerns regarding application of adult criteria (prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain recommendations) to categorize pregnant adolescents. To draw attention to the assessment of prepregnancy weight status among adolescents and to its potential clinical implications, we estimated the percent discordance between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) BMI-for-age categories currently used for the assessment of adolescent weight status (underweight, healthy weight, at risk of overweight, and overweight) and the IOM-based categories (low, average, high, obese) among 11,656 adolescents 12 to 20 years old from a birth registry.

"Pizza is cheaper than salad": assessing workers' views for an environmental food intervention.

Objective: "Images of a Healthy Worksite" aims to provide easy access to healthful foods and to reduce sedentarism at the worksite-to prevent weight gain. Formative research for the nutrition intervention component was aimed at gaining a broad understanding of the sociocultural role of food and eating among workers and worker perspectives on socially feasible and culturally acceptable environmental intervention strategies.

Research Methods And Procedures: Using an adapted PRECEDE health planning model, we conducted ecological, educational, environmental, and administrative assessments at the worksite.

Design characteristics of worksite environmental interventions for obesity prevention.

Objective: This paper describes the design characteristics of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)-funded studies that are testing innovative environmental interventions for weight control and obesity prevention at worksites.

Research Methods And Procedures: Seven separate studies that have a total of 114 worksites ( approximately 48,000 employees) across studies are being conducted. The worksite settings include hotels, hospitals, manufacturing facilities, businesses, schools, and bus garages located across the U.

Length of stay and mortality associated with febrile neutropenia among children with cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for longer length of stay (los) and mortality among hospitalized children with cancer who have febrile neutropenia.

Methods: This study involved analysis of longitudinal data from the University HealthSystem Consortium database from 1995 to 2002. All patients who were 21 years or younger, with diagnostic codes for both neoplastic disease and febrile neutropenia at discharge, were included.

Prevalence of nutritional wasting in populations: building explanatory models using secondary data.

Objective: To understand how social context affects the nutritional status of populations, as reflected by the prevalence of wasting in children under 5 years of age from Africa, Latin America, and Asia; to present a systematic way of building models for wasting prevalence, using a conceptual framework for the determinants of malnutrition; and to examine the feasibility of using readily available data collected over time to build models of wasting prevalence in populations.

Methods: Associations between prevalence of wasting and environmental variables were examined in the three regions. General linear mixed models were fitted using anthropometric survey data for countries within each region.