Nystagmus in Clinical Practice: From Diagnosis to Treatment-A Comprehensive Review.

Nystagmus, a common yet intricate ocular movement disorder, significantly contributes to visual morbidity in the paediatric and adult populations. Defined by involuntary, rhythmic, to-and-fro eye movements, this condition may manifest as an isolated anomaly or harbour more serious ocular or systemic pathologies. Its presence often provides vital diagnostic clues, emphasizing the importance of thorough evaluation to uncover potentially hidden underlying conditions.

Re-inventing the straight incision with a single central suture in manual small-incision cataract surgery to minimize surgically induced astigmatism.

Purpose: To calculate the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in MSICS through a superiorly placed straight scleral incision closed with a single, central, perpendicular 10-0 polyamide suture and to document any suture-related complaints and complications.

Methods: A retrospective, hospital-based study was carried out in 50 cases of uncomplicated senile cataract (>50 year) with nuclear sclerosis ≥ grade 4, "with the rule" astigmatism who underwent MSICS through a superior, straight incision with a single, central, perpendicular 10-0 nylon suture. Patients with "against the rule" astigmatism, keratoconus, pre-existing corneal opacity, astigmatism >2D, distorted or oblique mires, and previous ocular surgeries and unwilling to participate were excluded.

Association of near work and dim light with myopia among 1400 school children in a district in North India.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the association of near work and dim light with myopia among school children in a district in North India.

Methods: This study included a total of 1400 children of either sex studying in classes 5-10 in various schools of a district in North India, after taking consent from their guardians. Visual acuity was measured using Snellen's chart.