Degenerative L4-L5 spondylolisthesis and stenosis surgery: does over-level flavectomy technique influence clinical outcomes and rates of cranial adjacent segment disease?

Background: One of the most dreaded long-term complications related to L4-L5 lumbar arthrodesis is the onset of adjacent segment disease, which most frequently occurs at the cranial level. Few studies have compared the rates of cranial adjacent segment disease (CASD) in patients undergoing lumbar fusion associated with total laminectomy at the same level with those undergoing partial laminectomy. No study has examined the role of selective over-level flavectomy (OLF; i.

2D versus 3D Endoscopy: Head-to-Head Comparison in a Simulated Model of Endoscopic Endonasal Dural Suturing.

 Endonasal dural suturing (EDS) has been reported to decrease the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid fistula. This technique requires handling of single-shaft instrumentation in the narrow endonasal corridor. It has been proposed that three-dimensional (3D) endoscopes were associated with improved depth perception.

Primary Dural Repair via an Endoscopic Endonasal Corridor: Preliminary Development of a 3D-Printed Model for Training.

 Endonasal suturing is an investigational method for dural repair that has been reported to decrease the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid fistula. This method requires handling of single-shaft instrumentation in the narrow endonasal corridor. In this study, we designed a low-cost, surgical model using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to simulate dural repair through the endonasal corridor and subsequently assess the utility of the model for surgical training.