Meningovascular Neurosyphilis with Cerebral Hemorrhaging in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-positive Patient.

Meningovascular neurosyphilis is a rare manifestation of early neurosyphilis that causes infectious arteritis and ischemic infarction. We herein report a 44-year-old man with meningovascular neurosyphilis who presented with cerebral hemorrhaging. He complained of nausea, vomiting and lightheadedness.

Infective Endocarditis Due to Treponema pallidum: A Case Diagnosed Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Aortic Valve.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Syphilitic aortitis might coexist in a dysfunctional aortic valve, but the etiology remains unclear, because microbiological diagnosis is difficult. A 62-year-old man with low-grade fever was diagnosed with aortitis and infective endocarditis, due to Treponema pallidum infection, using polymerase chain reaction analysis.

HIV-associated benign lymphoepithelial cysts of the parotid glands confirmed by HIV-1 p24 antigen immunostaining.

Approximately 1%-10% of patients with HIV infection have been reported to have salivary gland enlargement. Parotid swelling in patients with HIV is often associated with salivary gland disease, including benign lymphoepithelial cysts (BLECs). The presence of BLEC can serve as an indicator of HIV infection, and the diagnosis of HIV-associated BLEC is usually based on clinical course, HIV confirmatory blood testing, such as western blot or viral detection, and imaging studies, but not on biopsies or immunostaining.

The first case of imported Borrelia miyamotoi disease concurrent with Lyme disease.

Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD) is an emerging infectious disease caused by B. miyamotoi. Although BMD has been reported in the United States, Europe, and Japan, no case of imported BMD has been described in the world.

First confirmed human case of Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum infection and molecular verification of the synonymy of Diphyllobothrium yonagoense with D. stemmacephalum (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea).

Several tapeworm species in the genus Diphyllobothrium Cobbold, 1858 have uncertain taxonomic positions, leading to taxonomic confusion as well as misdiagnosis of infections. Taxonomic revision based on DNA sequence analysis is considered necessary to resolve the taxonomy of several cases, including that between Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum, the type species of the genus, and Diphyllobothrium yonagoense. Diphyllobothrium yonagoense was synonymized with D.

Clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus-associated Hodgkin lymphoma patients in Japan.

The incidence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is paradoxically increasing in the combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) era. However, there has been no nationwide survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated HL (HIV-HL) in Japan. We retrospectively examined the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 19 newly diagnosed HIV-HL patients at 11 HIV/AIDS and hematology regional hospitals in Japan between 1991 and 2010.

Ehrlichia infection of the central nervous system.

Ehrlichiosis in the United States is caused by three closely related bacterial species (Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum), all transmitted through tick bite. Although there is variation with respect to geography and tick vector, the clinical manifestations are similar, and treatment of these infections is identical. Ehrlichiosis can present with a spectrum of neurologic manifestations, ranging in severity from headache to meningoencephalitis.