Impact of CD 28, CD86, CTLA-4 and PD-1 genes polymorphisms on acute renal allograft rejection and graft survival among Egyptian recipients.

To study the impact of four gene polymorphisms on acute renal allograft rejection (AR) and graft survival among Egyptian population. These 4 gene polymorphisms include: (1) CD 28 (rs3116496), (2) CD86 (rs1129055), (3) CTLA-4 (rs3087243), (4) PD-1 (rs2227982). This is a non-concurrent cohort study including 50 kidney transplant recipients diagnosed histopathologically as (AR) [study group] and another 50 matched allograft recipients without AR [control group].

Management of pre-renal transplant secondary hyperparathyroidism: parathyroidectomy versus cinacalcet.

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common consequence of end-stage renal disease. Despite the efficacy of kidney transplantation in treating renal failure, many transplant recipients still suffer from persistent or tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Furthermore, the impact of secondary hyperparathyroidism therapy choices on other renal transplant outcomes is poorly understood.

Renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury: A review of current knowledge.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. A significant proportion of COVID-19 patients develops severe symptoms, which may include acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute kidney injury as manifestations of multi-organ failure. Acute kidney injury (AKI) necessitating renal replacement therapy (RRT) is increasingly prevalent among critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Design and implementation of the European-Mediterranean Postgraduate Programme on Organ Donation and Transplantation (EMPODaT) for Middle East/North Africa countries.

This prospective study reports the design and results obtained after the EMPODaT project implementation. This project was funded by the Tempus programme of the European Commission with the objective to implement a common postgraduate programme on organ donation and transplantation (ODT) in six selected universities from Middle East/North Africa (MENA) countries (Egypt, Lebanon and Morocco). The consortium, coordinated by the University of Barcelona, included universities from Spain, Germany, Sweden and France.

Torque Teno Virus Polymerase Chain Reaction Titer: A Promising Immunometry.

Solid-organ transplant is the treatment of choice for all patients with end-stage diseases. Long-term graft function and survival rely on suitable immunosup-pressive treatment to prevent rejection. Besides this desired effect, a reduced immunocompetence in the transplant recipient increases the risk of developing infectious diseases and malignancies.

Gene-Guided Tacrolimus Treatment of Living-Donor Egyptian Kidney Transplanted Patients.

Background: Tacrolimus is an approved first-line immunosuppressive agent for kidney transplantations. Part of interindividual and interethnic differences in the response of patients to tacrolimus is attributed to polymorphisms at CYP3A5 metabolic enzyme. gene expression status is associated with tacrolimus dose requirement in renal transplant recipients.

Effect of losartan on the recoverability of renal function in anuric and oliguric patients with a solitary obstructed kidney: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the role of the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan on the recoverability of renal function after de-obstruction in patients with anuria and oliguria.

Materials And Methods: This was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in anuric or oliguric patients with calcular obstruction of solitary kidney. Patients with an anomalous kidney or those with an American Society of Anesthesiology score of >3 were excluded.

Detection of Hepatis C Virus-Related Immunologic Markers and Their Impact on Outcomes of Living-Donor Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: Liver disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among recipients of transplanted organs. In addition to the liver, hepatitis C virus infection has a significant prevalence among recipients of kidney transplant and is related to worse graft and recipient survival as the kidney is an important component of the hepatitis C virus clinical syndrome.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective single center study included 336 patients with end-stage renal disease who received a kidney transplant at the Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center from January 1992 to December 1995.

Refractory CD20 Positive Cellular Rejection in Living Kidney Transplant: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Transplant is the optimal therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. Acute cellular rejection refractory to treatment remains a major risk factor for graft loss and poor outcomes. In this study, we describe a 39-year-old man who received a living-related kidney transplant.

Impact of Sex Disparities on Outcomes of Living-Donor Kidney Transplant in Egypt: Data of 979 Patients.

Objectives: Renal transplant is the criterion standard for treatment of end-stage renal disease. The effects of disparities between men and women on renal transplant outcomes have been evaluated in many studies but with debatable results. It has been suggested that female kidney donors have poor outcomes after transplant compared with male kidney donors, especially when implanted in a male recipient.

Long Term Study of Protective Mechanisms of Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cisplatin Induced Kidney injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Background/aims: Long-term evaluation of cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and the probable renal protective activities of stem cells are lacking up until now. We evaluated the early and long-term role of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in prevention or amelioration of cisplatin induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in Sprague-Dawley rats. For this, we determined the kidney tissue level of oxidative stress markers in conjugation with a renal histopathological scoring system of both acute and chronic renal changes.

Protective effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells against acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex clinical condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality and lacking effective management. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains one of the leading causes of AKI in native and transplanted kidneys. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) in the prevention of renal IRI in rats.

The Long-Term Effect of Hepatitis C Virus on the Outcome of Live-Donor Kidney Transplant Recipients. A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: Hepatitis C virus infection occurs frequently among end-stage renal disease patients. Moreover, its effect on long-term patient and renal graft survival is controversial. This study was performed to assess the long-term effect of hepatitis C virus on the outcome of kidney allografts.

Toll-like receptor 4 blocker as potential therapy for acetaminophen-induced organ failure in mice.

Acetaminophen (APAP, 4-hydroxyacetanilide) is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States. In addition to exhibiting hepatotoxicity, APAP exerts a nephrotoxic effect may be independent of the induced liver damage. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been suggested as a potential class of novel therapeutic targets.

Gingerol-derivatives: emerging new therapy against human drug-resistant MCF-7.

Cancer chemotherapies have been improved dramatically over the last two decades. In the case of human breast cancer, the combination chemotherapeutic protocol, cyclophosphamide (CPA), doxorubicin (DOX), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (CDF), is often used. Nevertheless, the clinical usefulness of CDF is limited by its remarkably low therapeutic window and frequent eruption of resistance.

Possible role of nitric oxide in hepatic injury secondary to renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Hepatic injury secondary to renal I/R injury has been documented in several studies. This study aimed to investigate the role of NO in hepatic injury secondary to renal I/R in rat model. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were divided into 4 equal groups; sham-operated, I/R injury group (45 min of bilateral renal ischemia), L-arginine group (I/R with 300 mg/kg L-arginine, 20 min before ischemia), L-NAME group (I/R with 50 mg/kg L-NAME, 20 min before ischemia).

Free-B-Ring flavonoids as potential lead compounds for colon cancer therapy.

Although flavonoids have been identified as a versatile source of anticancer agents, to the best of our knowledge, no study has yet investigated their anticolon cancer activity in depth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the structural characteristics of flavonoids and their anticolon cancer activity in the Caco-2 human colon cancer cell line. Our findings demonstrated that the hydroxylation of C5 and C7 in ring A significantly enhanced the anticolon cancer activity of flavonoids over that of 5-fluorouracil, the classic reference cytotoxic agent.

Factors affecting graft survival among patients receiving kidneys from live donors: a single-center experience.

Introduction: The aim of this report is to study the graft and patient survival in a large cohort of recipients with an analysis of factors that may affect the final outcomes.

Methods: Between March 1976 and March 2008, 1967 consecutive live-donor renal transplants were carried out. Various variables that may have an impact on patients and/or graft survival were studied in two steps.

Up-regulation of TLR-4 in the brain after ischemic kidney-induced encephalopathy in the rat.

Ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) is usually accompanied by neuroinflammation-induced encephalopathy. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. Toll-like receptors (TLR), specifically TLR-4 has been linked to ischemic reperfusion injury in different organs like kidney, brain and liver.

Role of L-thyroxin in counteracting rotenone induced neurotoxicity in rats.

A key feature of Parkinson's disease is the dopaminergic neuronal cell loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Many triggering pathways have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of this disease including inflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity and apoptosis. Thyroid hormone is an essential agent for the growth and maturation of neurons; moreover, it has variable mechanisms for neuroprotection.

Colchicine protects dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

A key feature of Parkinson's disease is the dopaminergic neuronal cell loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Besides inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, a recent hypothesis suggested that degeneration of dopaminergic neurons occurs secondary to abnormal mitosis in these 'postmitotic neurons', ending up in apoptosis. Hence, recent therapies tried to prevent this mitotic cycle in dopaminergic neurons.

Alemtuzumab preconditioning allows steroid-calcineurin inhibitor-free regimen in live-donor kidney transplant.

Objectives: This prospective study was designed to develop a steroid and calcineurin inhibitor-free regimen for kidney transplants using alemtuzumab.

Materials And Methods: A single dose of alemtuzumab (30 mg) was given preoperatively. Phase 1: Twenty-one patients were randomized into 2 groups; the tacrolimus (n=11) and the sirolimus groups (n=10).

Impact of accidental discovery of renal cell carcinoma at time of renal transplantation on patient or graft survival.

Background: Renal tumors are common in the pretransplant end-stage renal disease population. Their impact on transplant outcome has not been well addressed.

Methods: This study is a retrospective follow-up observational study conducted in 258 renal transplant recipients.

Ten-year follow-up of basiliximab induction therapy for live-donor kidney transplant: a prospective randomized controlled study.

Objectives: The effect of basiliximab induction therapy on long-term patient and graft survival is not clear. We sought to evaluate if there is any advantage to routine basiliximab induction on the long-term outcome of living-related donor kidney transplants.

Materials And Methods: One hundred adult recipients with their first kidney allograft were randomized into 2 treatment groups; 1 group received basiliximab, and the second served as a control.