Biomarkers of Exposure to Tobacco-Related Toxicants among Adult Nicotine Pouch Users.

Introduction: Nicotine pouches (NPs) are an emerging nicotine delivery system. Understanding nicotine and toxicant exposure among NP users compared with users of other tobacco products and non-users is critical for informing public health strategies.

Methods: Data (n = 4527) were drawn from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 7 (2022-2023).

Metastatic Breast Cancer mHealth App to Promote Patient-Provider Communication: Protocol for a Usability and Satisfaction Study.

Background: With the availability of more advanced and effective treatments, life expectancy has improved among patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), but this makes communication with their medical oncologist more complex. Some patients struggle to learn about their therapeutic options and to understand and articulate their preferences. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can enhance patient-provider communication, playing a crucial role in the diagnosis, treatment, quality of life, and outcomes for patients living with MBC.

Trends in e-cigarette flavour use and demographic correlates among US youth from 2020 to 2023.

Background: As US electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) flavour policies became increasingly restrictive during 2020-2023, flavoured e-cigarette use by the youth might have shifted.

Methods: US eighth, 10th and 12th graders in the Monitoring the Future study assessed the past 12-month nicotine vaping by flavour, in annual cross-sectional surveys over 2020-2023 (n=91 220). Among the past 12-month users (n=17 761), the e-cigarette flavour youth reported using most often was analysed by year, demographic/vaping pattern and year × demographic/vaping interaction using log-binomial regression.

Regions of interest assessment of prenatal exposure to tobacco on adolescent cortical thickness and sulcal depth.

Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy (MTDP) remains a global and domestic public health issue. This study seeks to investigate the long-term impact of MTDP on brain morphology during late childhood and early adolescence using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset. Children aged 9-10 were enrolled using the ABCD school selection probability sample method for national representation.

Parental influence on youth cannabis use: The interplay between disapproval and warmth.

Purpose:  Family environment plays an essential role in youth development. This study sought to examine the intersection effects of parental disapproval and parent-child warm relationships on youth cannabis use behaviors.

Methods: Data were drawn from the youth sample of the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) study.

Awareness and Use of Vaping Products With a Nicotine Analogue Among Adolescents and Young Adults.

Objective: E-cigarettes and other products containing synthetic nicotine analogues, such as 6-methyl-nicotine, are exempted from US premarket tobacco product application (PMTA) requirements, allowing rapid market expansion. Understanding the prevalence and correlates of adolescents' and young adults' (AYA) awareness and use of nicotine analogue products is critical for informing pediatric care, youth-focused interventions, and regulatory actions.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during May to June 2024 among US participants aged 14 to 25 years (N = 1760) oversampled with ever-tobacco-product-using AYA recruited by a convenience online sampling panel.

Biomarkers of secondhand smoke and vaping exposure among U.S. Adolescents.

Background: Despite reductions in smoking use among adults and adolescents, e-cigarette use has increased, raising a new public health concern.

Methods: We analyzed Wave 4 (2016-2018) data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study to assess biomarkers of exposure to secondhand smoke and vaping aerosols among U.S.

Tobacco control messages for individuals who use both cigarettes and e-cigarettes: a randomised trial comparing biomarker outcome with cessation experience narratives.

Background: Dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes is prevalent among US adults, increasing nicotine addiction and health risks. This study investigated what type of narrative messages would be more effective in encouraging individuals who use both e-cigarettes and cigarettes to quit both smoking and vaping.

Methods: We conducted an online between-subjects randomised experiment on individuals who currently use both e-cigarettes and cigarettes (n=489).

Biomarkers of Exposure to Tobacco-Related Toxicants and Oxidative Stress among Cancer Survivors.

Introduction: Cancer survivors who continue to use tobacco products may have negative impacts on their long-term health outcomes.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 5 (n=6946). Geometric mean concentrations of biomarkers from four classes of harmful and potentially harmful constituents, along with a biomarker of oxidative stress, were compared between cancer survivors and non-cancer adults using weighted linear regressions adjusted for demographic factors.

Nicotine Pouch and E-Cigarette Use and Co-Use Among US Youths in 2023 and 2024.

Importance: The market sector of flavored commercial nicotine products without tobacco leaves recently expanded to nicotine pouches. Comprehensive epidemiologic analyses of patterns and trends in youth use of commercial nontobacco nicotine products are lacking.

Objective: To estimate US youth nicotine pouch and e-cigarette use prevalence and associated sociodemographic variables in 2023 and 2024.

Developing a media literacy-based e-cigarette education program via medical record systems.

Introduction: This is a prospective, interventional pilot study that seeks to evaluate the impact of MediaSense, a media-literacy-based vaping prevention program, in adolescents including an oversample of those with asthma.

Methods: During July and December 2022, participants in Nebraska were recruited via electronic health record (EHR)-based messaging, and MediaSense was self-administrated by interactive e-learning with REDCap surveys before and after the intervention. Regression analysis evaluated changes in vaping media literacy, vaping expectancy, and harm perception pre- and post-intervention.

Changes in quality of life and mental health outcomes related to vaping cessation among US adults.

Objectives: Vaping cessation has important public health implications. This study seeks to assess longitudinal changes in quality of life and mental health associated with vaping cessation.

Methods: Data were drawn from the longitudinal wave 5 (December 2018-November 2019) and wave 6 (March 2021-November 2021) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study, a nationally representative sample of US adults aged 18 and older.

Machine Learning of Smoking Relapse: the Role of Racial Differences and E-Cigarette Vaping Characteristics on Former Smokers.

Background: Machine learning models can help identify multifaceted factors influencing tobacco use transitions. A random forest model is developed to predict smoking relapse, focusing on racial differences and vaping characteristics.

Methods: Data are drawn from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study adult interview files.

Mechanism that links perceived racism and discrimination and youth cannabis use, a structural equation modeling approach.

Background And Objectives: Exposure to discrimination stands as a prevalent social stressor and social determinant of health. This study sought to examine mechanisms linking perceived racism and discrimination (PRD) with youth cannabis use.

Methods: Data were drawn from the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (n = 7,705).

Effect of Praziquantel Treatment on the Nutritional Status of Children Infected with .

This quasi-experimental trial examined the relationship between infection and nutritional status, and the impact of single dose praziquantel (PZQ) therapy on undernutrition. A total of 353 children were examined, 112 of which were infected with and treated with PZQ. Children's heights, weights, and mid-upper arm circumferences (MUAC) were measured at baseline and one month post-treatment.

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Peer Recovery Coaches for Addiction Recovery Among Indigenous Americans.

Background: Peer recovery coaches (PRCs) have experienced addiction and are trained to help others in recovery. Indigenous American (IA) adult PRCs may fill gaps of culturally specific support in addiction.

Aims: The aims were to: (1) evaluate the feasibility of implementing a PRC intervention compared to an attention control group recovering from a substance use disorder, (2) compare PRC and attention control groups on relapses and secondary outcomes, and (3) measure PRC strategies.

Enhancing Text Message Support With Media Literacy and Financial Incentives for Vaping Cessation in Young Adults: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The persistent high prevalence of e-cigarette use among young adults remains a significant public health concern, with limited evidence and guidance on effective vaping cessation programs targeting this population.

Objective: This study aims to outline the study design and protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial aimed at investigating feasibility and assessing whether media literacy education or financial incentives enhance the effectiveness of evidence-based text message support in promoting vaping abstinence among young adult e-cigarette users.

Methods: The pilot study uses a 4-arm (1:1:1:1) randomized controlled trial design to assess the potential impact of different combinations of media literacy education, financial incentives, and text message support on vaping abstinence over a 3-month period.

Trends in Cannabis and Tobacco Use by Racial and Ethnic Groups Among U.S. Youth: 1991-2021.

Objectives: To examine the temporal trends of current cannabis use only, tobacco use only, and co-use of these two substances by racial and ethnic adolescent groups.

Methods: Data were drawn from the 1991-2021 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) (n = 234,572) to examine changes in cannabis and tobacco use among American Indian or Alaskan Native (AI/AN), Asian, Black, Hispanic/Latino (H/L), Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander only (NH/PI), White, and multi-racial high school students. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to examine racial and ethnic disparities in current cannabis and tobacco use across four equal interval periods (i.

Tobacco and Cannabis Co-Use by Sexual Minority Adults in the United States, 2022.

Introduction: Given the negative health outcomes of tobacco and cannabis co-use, understanding the co-use of tobacco and cannabis is important, particularly regarding those with higher health burdens, such as sexual minority individuals. This study examined the co-use of tobacco and cannabis by sexual identity.

Methods: The adult sample from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health was used for this study.

Prenatal Tobacco Exposure, Brain Subcortical Volumes, and Gray-White Matter Contrast.

Importance: Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy (MTDP) remains a major public health challenge. However, the complete spectrum of effects of MTDP is not fully understood.

Objectives: To examine the longitudinal associations of MTDP and children's brain morphometric subcortical volume and gray-white matter contrast (GWC) development.

Prospective Associations of Exposure to Discrimination and Alcohol Use: A National Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: This study examined prospective associations of perceived discrimination experience and past-week alcohol use among U.S. adults.

Efficacy of Praziquantel in Treating Infection Among Ethiopian Children.

: Praziquantel is a cornerstone of schistosomiasis control and elimination efforts. Continued surveillance of praziquantel efficacy is needed to monitor for the development of resistance, as well as to help public health officials gauge the effect of mass praziquantel administration on schistosomiasis control in communities, since it is the only drug used in schistosomiasis control programs. The objective of this study was to assess the praziquantel cure rate and egg reduction rate against urogenital schistosomiasis.

Association of discrimination experiences with rapid subsequent changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms in US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study explores how discrimination experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic relate to anxiety and depressive symptoms in US adults. Using a national representative intensive longitudinal survey, the study evaluates rapid subsequent changes in anxiety and depression when individuals undergo heightened discrimination beyond their usual experiences. The study used 23 survey time points, primarily with 2-week intervals, from the Understanding America Study (n = 8198).

Discrete Choice Experiment on Financial Incentives for Engaging Young Adults in Vaping Cessation Programs.

Introduction: Contingency management involves rewarding individuals based on objective evidence of behavioral changes. This study explores preferences for financial incentives in vaping cessation programs.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among young adult current e-cigarette users aged 19-29.