Comparison of Post-operative Functional Outcomes of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated With Trochanteric Fixation Nail Versus Proximal Femoral Nail.

Background: Intertrochanteric femur fractures are common in the elderly and a growing public health concern. Surgical fixation remains the gold standard, with proximal femoral nail (PFN) and trochanteric fixation nail (TFN) being the most commonly used implants. This study compares the functional outcomes and complications of PFN and TFN in the Indian population.

Functional Outcomes of Proximal Humeral Fracture Fixation Using a Proximal Humerus Internal Locking Osteosynthesis (PHILOS) Plate with Fibular Strut Graft Augmentation: A Retrospective Review.

Introduction Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are one of the most common fractures encountered in the emergency commonly affecting the elderly as a result of minimal trauma. The gold standard for a displaced PHF is plate osteosynthesis. However, many of these fractures fail due to a lack of medial calcar support.

Clinical Outcome of Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation by Pull Through Suture Technique in Tibial Spine Fractures.

Background: Tibial spine fractures involving the avulsion of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insertion compromise knee stability and often result in functional limitations if inadequately treated. These fractures are commonly categorized using the Meyers and McKeever classification, and treatment approaches have shifted from open reduction techniques to minimally invasive arthroscopic methods, such as the pull-through suture fixation technique. This study evaluates clinical outcomes of tibial spine fractures treated using arthroscopic pull-through suture fixation.

Comparison of Thigh Pain in Short Versus Long Proximal Femoral Nails in Patients With Intertrochanteric Femur Fracture: A Comparative Study.

Introduction Hip fractures, particularly intertrochanteric femur fractures, pose a significant public health challenge, with the global incidence projected to rise. In India, the annual incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures is expected to increase due to the growing geriatric population. The choice of fixation for these fractures remains contentious, with proximal femoral nail (PFN) emerging as a preferred option due to its biomechanical advantages.

The conformational phase diagram of charged polymers in the presence of attractive bridging crowders.

Using extensive molecular dynamics simulations, we obtain the conformational phase diagram of a charged polymer in the presence of oppositely charged counterions and neutral attractive crowders for monovalent, divalent, and trivalent counterion valencies. We demonstrate that the charged polymer can exist in three phases: (1) an extended phase for low charge densities and weak polymer-crowder attractive interactions [Charged Extended (CE)]; (2) a collapsed phase for high charge densities and weak polymer-crowder attractive interactions, primarily driven by counterion condensation [Charged Collapsed due to Intra-polymer interactions [(CCI)]; and (3) a collapsed phase for strong polymer-crowder attractive interactions, irrespective of the charge density, driven by crowders acting as bridges or cross-links [Charged Collapsed due to Bridging interactions [(CCB)]. Importantly, simulations reveal that the interaction with crowders can induce collapse, despite the presence of strong repulsive electrostatic interactions, and can replace condensed counterions to facilitate a direct transition from the CCI and CE phases to the CCB phase.

The conformational phase diagram of neutral polymers in the presence of attractive crowders.

Extensive coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the conformational phase diagram of a neutral polymer in the presence of attractive crowders. We show that, for low crowder densities, the polymer predominantly shows three phases as a function of both intra-polymer and polymer-crowder interactions: (1) weak intra-polymer and weak polymer-crowder attractive interactions induce extended or coil polymer conformations (phase E), (2) strong intra-polymer and relatively weak polymer-crowder attractive interactions induce collapsed or globular conformations (phase CI), and (3) strong polymer-crowder attractive interactions, regardless of intra-polymer interactions, induce a second collapsed or globular conformation that encloses bridging crowders (phase CB). The detailed phase diagram is obtained by determining the phase boundaries delineating the different phases based on an analysis of the radius of gyration as well as bridging crowders.

Postural & striatal deformities in Parkinson`s disease: Are these rare?

Parkinson`s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by tremor, rigidity and akinesia. Diagnosis is clinical in the majority of the patients. Patients with PD may have stooped posture but some of them develop different types of postural and striatal deformities.

The Benefits of Cement Augmentation of Pedicle Screw Fixation Are Increased in Osteoporotic Bone: A Finite Element Analysis.

Study Design: Biomechanical study using a finite element model of a normal and osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae comparing resistance with axial pullout and bending forces on polymethylmethacrylate-augmented and non-augmented pedicle screws.

Objective: To compare the effect of cement augmentation of pedicle screw fixation in normal and osteoporotic bone with 2 different techniques of cement delivery.

Summary Of Background Data: Various clinical and biomechanical studies have addressed the benefits of cement augmentation of pedicle screws, but none have evaluated whether this effect is similar, magnified, or attenuated in osteoporotic bone compared with normal bone.

Five-year clinical and radiographic outcomes using pedicle screw only constructs in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: To determine the mid-term clinical and radiographic impact of pedicle screw fixation in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: A multicenter AIS database was retrospectively queried to identify 99 consecutive patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion using an all pedicle screw construct with a minimum of 5-year follow-up. Radiographic and clinical parameters were reviewed at regular intervals up to 5 years.

The efficacies of 2 ceramic bone graft extenders for promoting spinal fusion in a rabbit bone paucity model.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled animal study.

Objective: To determine the efficacies of 2 ceramic composite bone graft extenders for promoting spinal fusion.

Summary Of Background Data: Although autogenous bone is still considered the "gold standard" graft material for fusion procedures, its use is associated with a number of limitations.

Reconstruction of large iliac crest defects after graft harvest using autogenous rib graft: a prospective controlled study.

Study Design: Prospective controlled study analyzing the donor site morbidity after reconstruction of full thickness iliac crest defects, using autologous rib grafts.

Objective: To compare the pain and cosmetic outcomes of patients with iliac crest reconstruction with those who have had no reconstruction of the iliac crest.

Summary Of Background Data: Chronic donor site pain and poor cosmesis have been the major deterrents in using iliac crest for long-segment spinal reconstructions.