Inhibition of metallo-β-lactamases in carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacilli by omeprazole and pantoprazole.

Background: Carbapenems are the most commonly used antibiotics for severe infections induced by metallo-beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae and . Resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems, is conferred by metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs).

Objectives: Detection and inhibition of MBLs production as a promising approach to overcome resistance to carbapenems.

Reviving Furosemide as a Metallo-β-Lactamase Inhibitor against MDR .

Carbapenems are considered the last line of antibiotic defense against multidrug-resistant (MDR) , a bacterium that can secrete carbapenemases such as metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) to degrade carbapenems. It is thus critical to develop strategies to combat carbapenem resistance, and one of these strategies is to discover MBL inhibitors. In the current study, we evaluated the possible anti-β-lactamase of the approved safe drug furosemide.

Novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole-nicotinamide hybrids as non-classical AHL mimics quorum sensing inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: design, synthesis and biological evaluation.

Unlabelled: employs -acylated L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) as autoinducers (AIs) for quorum sensing, which in the end is responsible for biofilm and virulence factor production along with the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Here, we designed and synthesized a library of -alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles bearing nicotinamide moiety targeting AHLs receptors (LasR and RhlR) and evaluated their efficacy as new inhibitors of quorum sensing. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the synthesized compounds against PAO1 were determined, and they ranged from 2.

Reprofiling lamivudine as an antibiofilm and anti-pathogenic agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Resistance to antibiotics is a critical growing public health problem that needs urgent action to combat. To avoid the stress on bacterial growth that evokes the development of resistance, anti-virulence agents can be an attractive strategy as they do not target bacterial growth. There are FDA approved drugs have been screened for their anti-virulence activities.

Celastrol boosts fluconazole efficacy against vaginal candidiasis: in vitro and in vivo evidence.

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that naturally inhabits the vagina. However, overgrowth of C. albicans can result in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), one of the most prevalent fungal infections affecting women.

Thymoquinone is a natural antibiofilm and pathogenicity attenuating agent in .

belongs to the critical pathogens that represent a global public health problem due to their high rate of resistance as listed by WHO. can result in many nosocomial infections especially in individuals with compromised immune systems. Attenuating virulence factors by interference with quorum sensing (QS) systems is a promising approach to treat -resistant infections.

Redirecting pantoprazole as a metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitor in carbapenem-resistant .

The development of resistance to carbapenems in due to the production of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) is a critical public health problem because carbapenems are the last-resort drugs used for treating severe infections of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing . Restoring the activity of carbapenems by the inhibition of metallo-β-lactamases is a valuable approach to combat carbapenem resistance. In this study, two well-characterized clinical multidrug and carbapenem-resistant isolates were used.

The anti-staphylococcal fusidic acid as an efflux pump inhibitor combined with fluconazole against vaginal candidiasis in mouse model.

Background: Candida albicans is the most common fungus that causes vaginal candidiasis in immunocompetent women and catastrophic infections in immunocompromised patients. The treatment of such infections is hindered due to the increasing emergence of resistance to azoles in C. albicans.

Relocating Glyceryl Trinitrate as an Anti-Virulence Agent against and : Insights from Molecular and In Vivo Investigations.

The problem of antibiotic resistance is a global critical public health concern. In light of the threat of returning to the pre-antibiotic era, new alternative approaches are required such as quorum-sensing (QS) disruption and virulence inhibition, both of which apply no discernible selective pressure on bacteria, therefore mitigating the potential for the development of resistant strains. Bearing in mind the significant role of QS in orchestrating bacterial virulence, disrupting QS becomes essential for effectively diminishing bacterial virulence.

Crippling of Klebsiella pneumoniae virulence by metformin, N-acetylcysteine and secnidazole.

Introduction: The emergence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in hospitals represents a serious threat to public health. Infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae are widespread in healthcare institutions, mainly pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections affecting neonates in intensive care units; so, it is necessary to combat this pathogen with new strategies. Targeting virulence factors necessary to induce host damage and disease is a new paradigm for antimicrobial therapy with several potential benefits that could lead to decreased resistance.

Alleviating the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus by ascorbic acid nanoemulsion.

The high incidence of persistent multidrug resistant bacterial infections is a worldwide public health burden. Alternative strategies are required to deal with such issue including the use of drugs with anti-virulence activity. The application of nanotechnology to develop advanced Nano-materials that target quorum sensing regulated virulence factors is an attractive approach.

Synergistic Benefits: Exploring the Anti-Virulence Effects of Metformin/Vildagliptin Antidiabetic Combination against via Controlling Quorum Sensing Systems.

The repurposing of drugs is one of the most competent strategies for discovering new antimicrobial agents. Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPI-4) that is used effectively in combination with metformin to control blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-virulence activities of this combination against one of the most clinically important pathogens, .

Diminishing the Pathogenesis of the Food-Borne Pathogen by Low Doses of Sodium Citrate.

Protecting food from bacterial contamination is crucial for ensuring its safety and avoiding foodborne illness. is one of the food bacterial contaminants that can form biofilms and pigments that spoil the food product and could cause infections and illness to the consumer. Food preservation is essential to diminish such bacterial contaminants or at least reduce their pathogenesis; however, it should not affect food odor, taste, and consistency and must be safe.

Hiring of the Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of Hypoglycemic Agent Linagliptin to Alleviate the Pathogenesis.

Bacteria communicate with each other using quorum sensing (QS) which works in an inducer/receptor manner. QS plays the main role in orchestrating diverse bacterial virulence factors. is one of the most clinically important bacterial pathogens that can cause infection in almost all body tissues.

GC-MS Analysis and Microbiological Evaluation of Caraway Essential Oil as a Virulence Attenuating Agent against .

The emergence of resistant microbes threatens public health on our planet, and the emergence of resistant bacteria against the most commonly used antibiotics necessitates urgent alternative therapeutic options. One way to fight resistant microbes is to design new antimicrobial agents, however, this approach takes decades of research. An alternative or parallel approach is to target the virulence of bacteria with natural or synthetic agents.

Attenuating the virulence of the resistant superbug Staphylococcus aureus bacteria isolated from neonatal sepsis by ascorbic acid, dexamethasone, and sodium bicarbonate.

Background: Infections affecting neonates caused by Staphylococcus aureus are widespread in healthcare facilities; hence, novel strategies are needed to fight this pathogen. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the FDA-approved medications ascorbic acid, dexamethasone, and sodium bicarbonate to reduce the virulence of the resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that causes neonatal sepsis and seek out suitable alternatives to the problem of multi-drug resistance.

Methods: Tested drugs were assessed phenotypically and genotypically for their effects on virulence factors and virulence-encoding genes in Staphylococcus aureus.

Novel silver metformin nano-structure to impede virulence of Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is a prevalent etiological agent of health care associated and community acquired infections. Antibiotic abuse resulted in developing multidrug resistance in S. aureus that complicates treatment of infections.

Hybrid -Acylcysteines as Dual-Acting Matrix Disruptive and Anti-Quorum Sensing Agents Fighting Biofilms: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking Studies, and Assays.

Biofilms facilitate the pathogenesis of life-threatening infections by coating mucosal surfaces or invasive devices and offer protection from antimicrobial therapy and the host immune response, thus increasing mortality rates and financial burden. Herein, new hybrid -acylcysteines (NAC) incorporating selected acyl groups from organic acids and their derivatives, which are capable of quenching pathogen quorum sensing (QS) systems, were designed and their antibiofilm activity and anti-QS were evaluated. -acylcysteines () were synthesized and characterized by H NMR and C NMR, and their purity was confirmed by elemental analyses.

Knocking down Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence by oral hypoglycemic metformin nano emulsion.

Long-term antibiotic treatment results in the spread of multi-drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that complicates treatment. Anti-virulence agents can be viewed as alternative options that cripple virulence factors of the bacteria to facilitate their elimination by the host immunity. The use of nanoparticles in the inhibition of P.

Sodium Citrate Alleviates Virulence in .

The development of bacterial resistance is an insistent global health care issue, especially in light of the dwindled supply of new antimicrobial agents. This mandates the development of new innovative approaches to overcome the resistance development obstacle. Mitigation of bacterial virulence is an interesting approach that offers multiple advantages.

Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of Gliptins against and .

The development of bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics constitutes an emerging public health issue. Promising approaches have been innovated to conquer bacterial resistance, and targeting bacterial virulence is one of these approaches. Bacterial virulence mitigation offers several merits, as antivirulence agents do not affect the growth of bacteria and hence do not induce bacteria to develop resistance.

Elevated Levels of IL-33, IL-17 and IL-25 Indicate the Progression from Chronicity to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus Patients.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most epidemic viral infections in the world. Three-quarters of individuals infected with HCV become chronic. As a consequence of persistent inflammation, a considerable percentage of chronic patients progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally hepatocellular carcinoma.

Anti-diabetics and antimicrobials: Harmony of mutual interplay.

Diabetes is one of the four major non-communicable diseases, and appointed by the world health organization as the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. The scientists have turned over every rock in the corners of medical sciences in order to come up with better understanding and hence more effective treatments of diabetes. The continuous research on the subject has elucidated the role of immune disorders and inflammation as definitive factors in the trajectory of diabetes, assuring that blood glucose adjustments would result in a relief in the systemic stress leading to minimizing inflammation.

Secnidazole Is a Promising Imidazole Mitigator of Virulence.

is an opportunistic pathogen that causes diverse nosocomial infections. has developed considerable resistance to different antibiotics and is equipped with an armory of virulence factors. These virulence factors are regulated in by an intercellular communication system termed quorum sensing (QS).