A Case of Gastric Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma With Endoscopic Morphological Changes.

Atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma is a locally aggressive mesenchymal neoplasm composed of adipocytes and stromal cells. Gastric cases are exceedingly rare, and their malignant potential remains unclear. We report a case of a woman in her 60s who was found to have multiple submucosal tumor-like lesions of the stomach.

The impact of HER2-Low expression in salivary duct carcinoma: Clinicopathologic features, survival outcomes, and association with androgen receptor-targeted therapy.

Objectives: Recent advances in systemic therapy for salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) have been driven by the development of HER2- and androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies. Trastuzumab deruxtecan has proven effective not only in HER2-positive but also HER2-low breast and gastro-esophageal cancers. However, the significance of HER2-low expression in SDC remains unknown.

Gastric inverted polyp successfully resected by underwater endoscopic mucosal resection.

A 47-year-old man, who underwent an annual esophagogastroduodenoscopy as part of his routine check-up, was found to have a small subepithelial lesion on the posterior wall of the gastric body in 2013. The lesion gradually increased in size during follow-up. In 2024, 11 years after the initial detection, the lesion had grown to over 10 mm in diameter and exhibited central erythematous depression.

Re-evaluation of histopathological factors for the outcome of salivary duct carcinoma patients: A multi-institutional retrospective study of 240 cases in a Japanese cohort.

Aims: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a relatively common, high-grade salivary gland malignancy that can often occur as a carcinomatous component of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). This study aimed to elucidate the histological factors which are related to the outcome of SDC.

Methods And Results: We conducted a comprehensive histological review of 240 SDC cases and we analyzed the association between the histomorpholgical parameters and the clinical outcomes to identify new histological prognostic factors.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: investigating comprehensive clinicopathological features and risk factors for recurrence.

Aims: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare disease that typically manifests with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Little is known about the risk factors associated with recurrence and their correlation with clinicopathologic features.

Methods And Results: We analysed 112 patients with KFD, predominantly female (61/112, 54.

A Case of an Oral Elastofibromatous Lesion: A Clinicopathological Analysis With a Literature Review.

Elastofibromatous changes of the oral mucosa, such as an elastofibroma (EF) or an elastofibromatous lesion (EFL), are not well recognized, and the second such case in Japan is reported. A 72-year-old man wearing a complete maxillary denture presented with a small nodule on the hard palate. Histopathological examination showed abundant fibrous tissue with numerous elastic fibers on Elastica van Gieson (EvG) staining.

Myeloid Cells Induce Infiltration and Activation of B Cells and CD4+ T Follicular Helper Cells to Sensitize Brain Metastases to Combination Immunotherapy.

Brain metastasis is a poor prognostic factor in patients with cancer. Despite showing efficacy in many extracranial tumors, immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 mAb or anti-CTLA4 mAb seems to be less effective against intracranial tumors. Promisingly, recent clinical studies have reported that combination therapy with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 mAbs has a potent antitumor effect on brain metastasis, highlighting the need to elucidate the detailed mechanisms controlling the intracranial tumor microenvironment (TME) to develop effective immunotherapeutic strategies.

Ectopic Salivary Duct Cyst in the Median Mandible: A Case Report with Radiological, Immunohistochemical and Genetic Studies.

Median mandibular cyst is defined as an odontogenic cyst in a rare midline location. In spite of this definition, there have been two reports of a peculiar lesion, so-called "ciliated" median mandibular cyst associated with vital teeth, the origin of which cannot be explained in terms of odontogenic epithelium multipotentiality. We describe a thorough profile of an additional example.

Treatment of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the Cervical Spine with Postoperative Anti-RANKL Antibody (Denosumab) Administration.

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a fibrous histiocytic tumor originating in the synovial membrane. While cervical TGCT may not be considered a common diagnosis preoperatively because it is relatively rare, it has a high recurrence rate and should be considered. Total resection is preferable, but it can be challenging due to the risk of damaging the vertebral artery.

Breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma with a rare CRTC3-MAML2 fusion.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most prevalent malignancy in the salivary gland and is sporadic in the breast. Here, we report a case of breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma with a rare CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3-mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 2 () fusion. A 23-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a left breast palpable mass.

The combination of p16 and Rb expression pattern is helpful to predict high-risk HPV infection and the primary site in lymph node metastases of squamous cell carcinoma.

Identifying the primary site of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in lymph nodes can be challenging. An immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis recently revealed that high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) typically show overexpression of p16 protein and a partial loss pattern of Rb. Nevertheless, the status of these markers in metastatic lesions is still unclear.

Clinicopathological Review of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background/aim: The benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected 30 patients with HNSCC who had undergone radical resection after NAC. We pathologically evaluated the therapeutic response to NAC, and classified the residual tumor patterns.

Hemizygous deletion of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B with p16 immuno-negative and methylthioadenosine phosphorylase retention predicts poor prognosis in IDH-mutant adult glioma.

Background: Homozygous deletion of the tumor suppression genes cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B () is a strong adverse prognostic factor in IDH-mutant gliomas, particularly astrocytoma. However, the impact of hemizygous deletion of is unknown. Furthermore, the influence of status in IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted oligodendroglioma remains controversial.

Expression of Forkhead Box M1 and Anticancer Effects of FOXM1 Inhibition in Epithelioid Sarcoma.

Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare aggressive sarcoma that, unlike most soft-tissue sarcomas, shows a tendency toward local recurrence and lymph node metastasis. Novel antitumor agents are needed for ES patients. Forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXM1) is a member of the Forkhead transcription factor family and is associated with multiple oncogenic functions; FOXM1 is known to be overexpressed and correlated with pathogenesis in various malignancies.

Squamous cell carcinoma initially occurring on the tongue dorsum: a case series report with molecular analysis.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the dorsum of the tongue is extremely rare, and it clinically resembles various benign lesions. Somatic mutations in TP53 and some driver genes were implicated in the development of SCC; however, the somatic genetic characteristics of dorsal tongue SCC remain unknown. With a detailed analysis of gene mutations in dorsal tongue SCC, we aimed to better understand its biology.

English version of Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines 2022 for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) issued by the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.

The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2022 for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) have been published in accordance with the Minds Manual for Guideline Development 2014 and 2017. A specialized team independent of the working group for the revision performed a systematic review. Since GIST is a rare type of tumor, clinical evidence is not sufficient to answer several clinical and background questions.

Immunohistochemical p16 overexpression and Rb loss correlate with high-risk human papillomavirus infection in endocervical adenocarcinomas.

Aims: p16 is a sensitive surrogate marker for transcriptionally active high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA); however, its specificity is not perfect.

Methods And Results: We examined p16 and Rb expressions by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the transcriptionally active HR-HPV infection by mRNA in-situ hybridisation (ISH) with histological review in 108 ECA cases. Thirteen adenocarcinomas of endometrial or equivocal origin (six endometrioid and seven serous carcinomas) were compared as the control group.

Inhibitory effects of kaempferol, quercetin and luteolin on the replication of human parainfluenza virus type 2 in vitro.

The eight flavonoids, apigenin, chrysin, hesperidin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, rutin and luteolin were tested for the inhibition of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV-2) replication. Three flavonoids out of the eight, kaempferol, quercetin and luteolin inhibited hPIV-2 replication. Kaempferol reduced the virus release (below 1/10,000), partly inhibited genome and mRNA syntheses, but protein synthesis was observed.

Analysis of Notch1 protein expression in methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders.

Methotrexate (MTX)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder in patients treated with MTX. The mechanism of pathogenesis is still elusive, but it is thought to be a complex interplay of factors, such as underlying autoimmune disease activity, MTX use, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and aging. The NOTCH genes encode receptors for a signaling pathway that regulates various fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation and differentiation during embryonic development.

Granzyme K- and amphiregulin-expressing cytotoxic T cells and activated extrafollicular B cells are potential drivers of IgG4-related disease.

Background: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), an example of a type I immune disease, is an immune-mediated fibrotic disorder characterized by dysregulated resolution of severe inflammation and wound healing. However, truly dominant or pathognomonic autoantibodies related to IgG4-RD are not identified.

Objective: We sought to perform single-cell RNA sequencing and T-cell receptor and B-cell receptor sequencing to obtain a comprehensive, unbiased view of tissue-infiltrating T and B cells.