Shoulder dystocia in babies born to Aboriginal mothers with diabetes: a population-based cohort study, 1998-2015.

Background: Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) are more likely to have glycaemic levels above the target range, and their babies are thus at higher risk of excessive fetal growth. Shoulder dystocia, defined by failure of spontaneous birth of fetal shoulder after birth of the head requiring obstetric maneuvers, is an obstetric emergency that is strongly associated with DIP and fetal size. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of shoulder dystocia in Aboriginal babies born to mothers with DIP.

First Nations Peoples' perceptions, knowledge and beliefs regarding stillbirth prevention and bereavement practices: A mixed methods systematic review.

Background: First Nations Peoples endure disproportionate rates of stillbirth compared with non-First Nations Peoples. Previous interventions have aimed at reducing stillbirth in First Nations Peoples and providing better bereavement care without necessarily understanding the perceptions, knowledge and beliefs that could influence the design of the intervention and implementation.

Aim: The aim of this review was to understand the perceptions, knowledge and beliefs about stillbirth prevention and bereavement of First Nations Peoples from the US, Canada, Aotearoa/New Zealand, and Australia.

Overweight/obesity and other predictors of gestational diabetes among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women in Western Australia.

This population-based study investigated the association of BMI and other predictors with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal mothers. We conducted a state-wide retrospective cohort study that included all singleton births in Western Australia (n = 134,552) between 2012 and 2015 using population health datasets linked by the Western Australian Data Linkage Branch. Associations between GDM and its predictors were estimated as adjusted relative risks (aRRs) from multivariable generalised linear models.

Nonchromosomal birth defects and risk of childhood acute leukemia: An assessment in 15 000 leukemia cases and 46 000 controls from the Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium.

Although recent studies have demonstrated associations between nonchromosomal birth defects and several pediatric cancers, less is known about their role on childhood leukemia susceptibility. Using data from the Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium, we evaluated associations between nonchromosomal birth defects and childhood leukemia. Pooling consortium data from 18 questionnaire-based and three registry-based case-control studies across 13 countries, we used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between a spectrum of birth defects and leukemia.

First Nations populations' perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and myths about prevention and bereavement in stillbirth: a mixed methods systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to investigate First Nations populations' perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and myths about stillbirth.

Introduction: First Nations populations experience disproportionate rates of stillbirth compared with non-First Nations populations. There has been a surge of interventions aimed at reducing stillbirth and providing better bereavement care, but these are not necessarily appropriate for First Nations populations.

The impact of diabetes during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes among the Aboriginal population in Western Australia: a whole-population study.

Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Aboriginal) women have a high prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), which includes pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We aimed to characterize the impact of DIP in babies born to Aboriginal mothers.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study, using routinely collected linked health data that included all singleton births (N = 510 761) in Western Australia between 1998 and 2015.

Perinatal outcomes of Aboriginal women with mental health disorders.

Objective: Maternal mental disorders have been associated with adverse perinatal outcomes such as low birthweight and preterm birth, although these links have been examined rarely among Australian Aboriginal populations. We aimed to evaluate the association between maternal mental disorders and adverse perinatal outcomes among Aboriginal births.

Methods: We used whole population-based linked data to conduct a retrospective cohort study ( = 38,592) using all Western Australia singleton Aboriginal births (1990-2015).

Early mortality among aboriginal and non-aboriginal women who had a preterm birth in Western Australia: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Having a preterm (<37 weeks' gestation) birth may increase a woman's risk of early mortality. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Aboriginal) women have higher preterm birth and mortality rates compared with other Australian women.

Objectives: We investigated whether a history of having a preterm birth was associated with early mortality in women and whether these associations differed by Aboriginal status.

Severe maternal morbidity following stillbirth in Western Australia 2000-2015: a population-based study.

Purpose: There is scant literature about the management of stillbirth and the subsequent risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM). We aimed to assess the risk of SMM associated with stillbirths compared with live births and whether this differed by the presence of maternal comorbidities.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used a population-based dataset of all stillbirths and live births ≥ 20 weeks' gestation in Western Australia between 2000 and 2015.

Infant feeding practices and childhood acute leukemia: Findings from the Childhood Cancer & Leukemia International Consortium.

Increasing evidence suggests that breastfeeding may protect from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, most studies have limited their analyses to any breastfeeding, and only a few data have examined exclusive breastfeeding, or other exposures such as formula milk. We performed pooled analyses and individual participant data metaanalyses of data from 16 studies (N = 17 189 controls; N = 10 782 ALL and N = 1690 AML cases) from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC) to characterize the associations of breastfeeding duration with ALL and AML, as well as exclusive breastfeeding duration and age at introduction to formula with ALL.

Caesarean section following antepartum stillbirth in Western Australia 2010-2015: A population-based study.

Background: There is scant literature about antepartum stillbirth management but guidelines usually recommend reserving caesarean sections for exceptional circumstances. However, little is known about caesarean section rates following antepartum stillbirth in Australia.

Aims: We aimed to describe the onset of labour, mode of birth, and use of analgesia and anaesthesia following antepartum stillbirth and to identify factors associated with caesarean section.

Patterns of recurrent preterm birth in Western Australia: A 36-year state-wide population-based study.

Background: It is known that a previous preterm birth increases the risk of a subsequent preterm birth, but a limited number of studies have examined this beyond two consecutive pregnancies.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the risk and patterns of (recurrent) preterm birth up to the fourth pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: We used Western Australian routinely linked population health datasets to identify women who had two or more consecutive singleton births (≥20 weeks gestation) from 1980 to 2015.

Trends and burden of diabetes in pregnancy among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal mothers in Western Australia, 1998-2015.

Background: Diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), which includes pre-gestational and gestational diabetes, is more prevalent among Aboriginal women. DIP and its adverse neonatal outcomes are associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the offspring. This study investigated the impact of DIP on trends of large for gestational age (LGA) in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations, and added to the limited evidence on temporal trends of DIP burden in these populations.

Disparities in severe neonatal morbidity and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births in Western Australia: a decomposition analysis.

Background: The health disadvantages faced by Australian Aboriginal peoples are evidenced in early life, although few studies have focused on the reasons for population-level inequalities in more severe adverse outcomes. This study aimed to examine the scale of disparity in severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births and quantify the relative contributions of important maternal and infant factors.

Method: A retrospective cohort study with singleton live births (≥32 weeks' gestation) was conducted using Western Australia linked whole population datasets, from 1999 to 2015.

Comparison of stillbirth trends over two decades in Wales, United Kingdom and Western Australia: An international retrospective cohort study.

Background: Stillbirth is a critical public health issue worldwide. While the rates in high-income countries are relatively low, there are persistent between-country disparities.

Objectives: To compare stillbirth rates and trends in Wales and the State of Western Australia (WA), Australia, and provide insights into any differences.

The impact of maternal prenatal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Evidence about the association between maternal mental health disorders and stillbirth and infant mortality is limited and conflicting. We aimed to examine whether maternal prenatal mental health disorders are associated with stillbirth and/or infant mortality. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for studies examining the association of any maternal prenatal (occurring before or during pregnancy) mental health disorder(s) and stillbirth or infant mortality.

Parental occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of childhood cancer in Switzerland: a census-based cohort study.

Background: Pesticide exposure is a suspected risk factor for childhood cancer. We investigated the risk of developing childhood cancer in relation to parental occupational exposure to pesticides in Switzerland for the period 1990-2015.

Methods: From a nationwide census-based cohort study in Switzerland, we included children aged < 16 years at national censuses of 1990 and 2000 and followed them until 2015.

Correction to: Profile of severely growth-restricted births undelivered at 40 weeks in Western Australia.

Unfortunately, after publication, we found errors in the extraction of data on gestational diabetes and threatened miscarriage.

Role of maternal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality risk: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Maternal mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are major public health concerns. Evidence shows a link between maternal mental health disorders and preterm birth and low birth weight. However, the impacts of maternal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality have been less investigated and inconsistent findings have been reported.

Profile of severely growth-restricted births undelivered at 40 weeks in Western Australia.

Purpose: To investigate the proportion of severely growth-restricted singleton births < 3rd percentile (proxy for severe fetal growth restriction; FGR) undelivered at 40 weeks (FGR_40), and compare maternal characteristics and outcomes of FGR_40 births and FGR births at 37-39 weeks' (FGR_37-39) to those not born small-for-gestational-age at term (Not SGA_37+).

Methods: The annual rates of singleton FGR_40 births from 2006 to 2015 were calculated using data from linked Western Australian population health datasets. Using 2013-2015 data, maternal factors associated with FGR births were investigated using multinomial logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) while relative risks (RR) of birth outcomes between each group were calculated using Poisson regression.

Stillbirth risk prediction using machine learning for a large cohort of births from Western Australia, 1980-2015.

Quantification of stillbirth risk has potential to support clinical decision-making. Studies that have attempted to quantify stillbirth risk have been hampered by small event rates, a limited range of predictors that typically exclude obstetric history, lack of validation, and restriction to a single classifier (logistic regression). Consequently, predictive performance remains low, and risk quantification has not been adopted into antenatal practice.

The impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on placental abruption risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the associations between pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain and placental abruption.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL. Unpublished findings from analyses of linked population-based data sets from Western Australia (2012-2015, n = 114,792) were also included.