The immunological impact of traffic-related air pollution in an Iraqi population; a prospective cross-sectional study.

Objective: Iraqi automobiles use some of the poorest quality fuel in the world, characterized by extremely high sulfur content. In this study, we aim to investigate the immunological impact of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on individuals residing in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Materials And Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study (June 2021 and January 2022) assessed the immunological profile of 77 male participants in Sulaymaniyah Governorate who were grouped based on predefined exposure zones; High TRAP Group ( = 46) from urban areas with high exposure to TRAP and Low TRAP Group ( = 31) from rural areas with low exposure.

Diagnostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in Crohn's disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Investigating non-invasive laboratory biomarkers for detecting and classifying Crohn's disease (CD) activity remains challenging. Here, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of immunological biomarkers in identifying disease activity in newly diagnosed CD patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed from October 2022 to July 2023 and included 20 healthy participants and 46 confirmed newly diagnosed CD patients in a Teaching Hospital for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sulaimani, Iraq.

Role of inflammatory markers in predicting spontaneous passage of ureteral stones less than 10 mm.

Introduction: In ureterolithiasis, the prediction of spontaneous passage poses a challenge for urologists. Moreover, there is controversy surrounding the preferred management approach, whether medical or surgical, as each approach has its disadvantages. Procalcitonin and other inflammatory markers were studied for predicting stone passage spontaneously, but their significance remains controversial.

Predictive value of inflammatory markers for the spontaneous passage of Ureteral stones: a comprehensive systematic review with meta analysis.

Urolithiasis is a common disease that affects approximately one-fifth of the global population. This systematic review explores the predictive role of inflammatory markers for the spontaneous passage of ureteral stones. The literature was systematically searched via Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases to identify papers published until 2023.

Carcinoma arising from thyroglossal duct remnants.

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are unusual remnants of the thyroid gland that are rarely observed in association with carcinoma. The present study aimed to showcase the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of patients with TGDC carcinoma. It was a single-center study conducted from February 2016 to February 2020.

Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the prostate: A case report and mini‑review of the literature.

Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma (PGCC) is an exceptionally uncommon form of prostate adenocarcinoma. It consists of unusually large and irregular cells with varied nuclei. The present study describes a rare case of prostatic PGCC.

Long-term health complications of chemical weapon exposure: a study on Halabja chemical attack survivors (Iraqi Kurds).

Objective: In 1988, the Iraqi government used a range of chemical weapons (CWs) against the Iraqi Kurds of Halabja. Here, we aim to investigate the long-term health consequences in exposed survivors as they are not sufficiently studied.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from November 2019 to May 2020 assessing the health status of all exposed Halabja chemical attack survivors compared to non-exposed people from the same area.

Sarcoid‑like granulomatous inflammation in a carotid body paraganglioma: A case report and mini‑review of the literature.

Sarcoid-like granulomatous inflammation (SLGI) is defined as the development of non-necrotizing epithelioid granulomas in patients who do not meet the criteria for systemic sarcoidosis. Its occurrence is known to be linked to diverse conditions, including malignancies, infections, the use of certain drugs and inorganic substances. To the best of our knowledge, the available literature to date lacks any description regarding SLGI in a paraganglioma.

Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous and complex disease with numerous pathophysiologic variants. ~40% of patients succumb due to the progression of the disease, making RCC the most fatal of the common urologic malignancies. Prognostic factors are indicators of the progression of the disease, and the precise determination of these factors is important for evaluating and managing RCC.

The clinical safety of generic and brand clopidogrel in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Although some recent studies have found that original and generic clopidogrel brands are acceptable and have the same pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, there is insufficient evidence to compare the clinical effectiveness and safety of brand and generic clopidogrel. The current study aims to evaluate the clinical safety of brand and generic clopidogrel by comparing clinical outcomes in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Method: This was a single centre, parallel-arm, phase III, open-label, and randomized group sequential trial.

Resectability in bronchogenic carcinoma: A single‑center experience.

Bronchogenic carcinoma comprises >90% of primary lung tumors. The present study aimed to estimate the profile of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and assess the cancer resectability in newly diagnosed patients. This is a single-center retrospective review conducted over a period of 5 years.

Thyroid collision tumors; A case series with literature review.

Background: Collision tumors are two histologically distinct types of malignancies within the same mass and organ. The aim of this study is to present a case series of thyroid collisions.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective case series study.

Endobronchial teratoma: A systematic review of the literature with a case report.

Introduction: Endobronchial teratoma is sporadic disease. The study aims to present a case with endobronchial teratoma with a brief literature review. A 26-year-old male presented with a history of frequent attacks of chest infection for the last two years.

Post covid-19 invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Several complications after corona viral infection-19 (COVID-19) have been reported. The study aims is to present a case with post-covid-19 pulmonary fungal infection with antifungal resistance characteristics.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male presented with hemoptysis, dyspnea, cough, fever, and rigor for 4-month duration.

Large vessel thrombosis in patient with COVID-19, a case series.

Introduction: Involvement of the large vessels is rarely reported and poorly understood in cases of Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). The aim of this study is to present a series of cases with large vessel thrombosis (LVT).

Methods: This is a multicenter prospective case series study.

Hydatid cyst of the thigh: A case report with literature review.

Introduction: Hydatid diseases are cystic parasitic infestation caused by Echinococci. The most frequently affected organs are liver and lung. The aim of this study is to report a rare case of hydatid disease of the thigh.

Intermammary pilonidal sinus: The first case series.

Introduction: Pilonidal sinus (PNS) is an inflammatory condition caused by hair penetration into the epidermis. It occurs usually in sacro-coccygeal area. Intermammary pilonidal sinus is a very rare variant with a few case reports in literature.