Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) technique on posture, balance and gait characteristics of older adults with scapular dyskinesis: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques are being utilized among rehabilitation protocols for older adults because they are based on proprioception and coordination activities. The main purpose of this study was to analyze whether including scapular PNF in an intervention improves the posture, balance, and gait characteristics of older adults with scapular dyskinesis.

Methods: Forty-eight older adults (26 females; 22 males; mean ± SD age, 69.