An update on the effect of metals on stemness properties of mesenchymal stem cells.

The metal-based devices may corrode, degrade, or release metal ions and fragments after being implanted in the body, exhibiting their own consequences on hosting organs/tissues. The biocompatibility of metal implants has been investigated in various studies using a number of cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are more relevant cells than others for evaluating the cytocompatibility of metal-based orthopedic implants because they are essential cells for bone regeneration and a promising cell population in regenerative medicine.

Fabrication and characterization of metformin-loaded PLGA/Collagen nanofibers for modulation of macrophage polarization for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

In tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine, the accessibility of engineered scaffolds that modulate inflammatory states is extremely necessary. The aim of the current work was to assess the efficacy of metformin (MET) incorporated in PLGA/Collagen nanofibers (Met-PLGA/Col NFs) to modulate RAW264.7 macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory status (M1) to anti-inflammatory status (M2).

Graphene-MoS polyfunctional hybrid hydrogels for the healing of transected Achilles tendon.

Healing of injured tendon is a major clinical challenge in orthopaedic medicine, due to the poor regenerative potential of this tissue. Two-dimensional nanomaterials, as versatile scaffolds, have shown a great potential to support, trigger and accelerate the tendon regeneration. However, weak mechanical properties, poor functionality and low biocompatibility of these scaffolds as well as post-surgery infections are main drawbacks that limit their development in the higher clinical phases.

Osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells on dihydroartemisinin electrospun nanofibers.

Background: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are promising candidate in stem cell therapies, and maintaining their stemness potential is vital to achieve effective treatment. Natural-based scaffolds have been recently attracted increasing attention in nanomedicine and drug delivery. In this study, Dihydroartemisinin (DHART)-loaded polycaprolactone collagen nanofibers (PCL/Col NFs) were constructed as effective biocompatible scaffolds through adjusting the proportions of hydrophobic/ hydrophilic polymers for enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).

Development of a Magnetic Nanostructure for Co-delivery of Metformin and Silibinin on Growth of Lung Cancer Cells: Possible Action Through Leptin Gene and its Receptor Regulation.

Objective: Chemotherapeutic combinational approaches would be more efficient in decreasing toxicity of drug, preventing tumor progression in relation to either drug alone. Hence, the aim of this study is to constract magnetic PLGA/PEG nanoparticles (NPs) co-loaded with Metformin (Met) and Silibinin (Sil) to investigate their cytotoxicity as well as their impact on  mRNA expression levels of leptin and leptin receptor genes in A549 lung cancer cells.

Materials And Methods: The synthesized NPs were characterized by FTIR, FE-SEM, and VSM and then, MTT assay was utilized to assess and compare the cytotoxicity of various concentrations of the chemotheruptic molecules in pure and nanoformulated forms as well as in alone and combination state after 48 h exposure time.

Stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery system based on polyethylenimine cyclodextrin nanoparticles for potential cancer therapy.

Combination therapy through simultaneous delivery of anti-cancer drugs and genes with nano-assembled structure has been proved to be a simple and effective approach for treating breast cancer. In this study, redox-sensitive folate-appended-polyethylenimine-β-cyclodextrin (roFPC) host-guest supramolecular nanoparticles (HGSNPs) were developed as a targeted co-delivery system of doxorubicin (Dox) and Human telomerase reverse transcriptase-small interfering RNA) hTERT siRNA) for potential cancer therapy. The nanotherapeutic system was prepared by loading adamantane-conjugated doxorubicin (Ad-Dox) into roFPC through the supramolecular assembly, followed by electrostatically-driven self-assembly between hTERT siRNA and roFPC/Ad-Dox.

An implantable smart hyperthermia nanofiber with switchable, controlled and sustained drug release: Possible application in prevention of cancer local recurrence.

Temperature-responsive drug-loaded electrospun nanofibers have gained huge critical attention as efficient localized implantable devices in preventing cancer local recurrence. In this regard, a smart hyperthermia nanofiber with the simultaneous heat-generation and dual-stage drug release ability in response to 'ON-OFF' switching of an alternating magnetic field (AMF) for improved hyperthermic chemotherapy has been developed. The smart hyperthermia nanofibrous scaffolds are fabricated via electrospinning a temperature-responsive copolymer blended with iron oxide (II, III) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs, 10 nm), metformin (MET), and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with MET (MSNs@MET).

Cyclodextrin based natural nanostructured carbohydrate polymers as effective non-viral siRNA delivery systems for cancer gene therapy.

Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), as small non-coding RNA fragments, are one of the widely studied RNAi inducers for gene modulations. The reasonably designed siRNA probes provide a novel potential therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy via silencing the specific cancer-promoting gene. The optimization of physicochemical properties of delivery vectors, such as stability, the possibility of surface functionalization, size, charge, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-immunogenicity with receptor-mediated targeting ligands, is necessary for effective intracellular siRNA delivery.

Study of the Cytotoxic and Bactericidal Effects of Sila-substituted Thioalkyne and Mercapto-thione Compounds based on 1,2,3-Triazole Scaffold.

A series of sila-organosulphur compounds containing 1,2,3-triazole cores were screened for their cytotoxic activity on human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Most of the tested compounds exhibited moderate-to-good activity against the cancer cells. Especially, the compound 4-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynylthio)methyl)-1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (3a) from series of sila-substituted thioalkyne 1,2,3-triazoles (STATs) and the compounds 3-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-mercapto-1,1-bis(trimethylsilyl)propane-2-thione (4a) and 1-mercapto-1,1-bis(trimethylsilyl)-3-(1-phenethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)propane-2-thione (4e) from series of sila-substituted mercapto-thione 1,2,3-triazoles (SMTTs) exhibited promising cytotoxicity against MCF-7 with IC values of 35.