Metacognition and Its Relationship With Orbitofrontal Cortex and Thalamus Volumes in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Purpose: The study aims to explore the relationship between orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and thalamus volumes and metacognition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). By analyzing structural MRI data and metacognitive measures, it investigates how brain volume variations correlate with dysfunctional beliefs and OCD symptoms.

Method: The study consisted of 20 patients with OCD and 20 healthy controls.

Reduced pineal gland volume in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

ObjectivePatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may have changes in their hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and as a result, have increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol and reduced secretion of melatonin. Examination of pineal gland volumes in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls, thus, is an important consideration and the focus of this study.MethodsA total of 20 patients with OCD and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.

The effect of preoperative embolization rate on surgical outcomes for carotid paraganglioma resection.

Objective: Preoperative embolization of paragangliomas decreases tumor volume and reduces intraoperative blood loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the rate of devascularization achieved by preoperative embolization of carotid body tumors on surgical outcomes.

Methods: Patients with carotid body tumors who underwent preoperative transarterial embolization between 2013 and 2024 were included in this retrospective study.

CT radiomics-based machine learning model for differentiating between enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma.

It may be difficult to distinguish between enchondroma and low-grade malignant cartilage tumors (grade 1) radiologically. This study aimed to construct machine learning models using 3D computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics analysis to differentiate low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. A total of 30 patients with enchondroma and 26 with chondrosarcoma were included in this retrospective study.

Analysis of diffusion changes in cerebral tissues of Parki̇nson's patients who underwent subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: Correlation of improvements in motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) as a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a reduction in both the quantity and functionality of dopaminergic neurons. This succinctly highlights the central pathological feature of PD and its association with dopaminergic neuron degeneration, which underlies the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease. This study aims to elucidate the nuances of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes in different cerebral regions by after the bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery of PD, as well as to investigate their potential interactions with the motor and neuropsychiatric spectrum.

Hippocampus and amygdala volumes are reduced in patients with schizoaffective disorder.

We aimed to examine the hippocampus and amygdala volumes in patients with schizoaffective disorder with the notion that schizoaffective disorder has strong resemblance of clinical presentation with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and that there have been studies on regions of interest volumes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder but not in patients with schizoaffective disorder. Eighteen patients with schizoaffective disorder and nineteen healthy controls were included into the study. Hippocampus and amygdala volumes were examined by using the MRI.

Pituitary volumes in patients with adjustment disorder.

The pituitary gland plays an important role in the stress response mechanism. Given the direct link between adjustment disorder and stress, we hypothesized that there might be changes in the pituitary gland in these patients. The study comprised a patient group of 19 individuals with adjustment disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition, and 18 healthy controls.

Comparison of Computed Tomography-Based Artificial Intelligence Modeling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Cholesteatoma.

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare the success rates of computed tomography image-based artificial intelligence models and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of preoperative cholesteatoma.

Methods: The files of 75 patients who underwent tympanomastoid surgery with the diagnosis of chronic otitis media between January 2010 and January 2021 in our clinic were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were classified into the chronic otitis group without cholesteatoma (n=34) and the chronic otitis group with cholesteatoma (n=41) according to the presence of cholesteatoma at surgery.

[A Histopathologically Diagnosed Neurocysticercosis Case from Türkiye].

Cysticercosis is a parasitic tissue infection caused by larval cysts of Taenia solium. Although the disease affects many tissues, it primarily affects the brain and muscles. The most common form is neurocysticercosis, a term used for human central nervous system involvement with T.

Is it useful to use computerized tomography image-based artificial intelligence modelling in the differential diagnosis of chronic otitis media with and without cholesteatoma?

Objective: Cholesteatoma is an aggressive form of chronic otitis media (COM). For this reason, it is important to distinguish between COM with and without cholesteatoma. In this study, the role of artificial intelligence modelling in differentiating COM with and without cholesteatoma on computed tomography images was evaluated.

Insula volumes in patients with schizoaffective disorder.

We aimed to investigate insula volumes in patients with schizoaffective disorder with the motivation that schizoaffective disorder has strong resemblance of clinical presentaion with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and that there have been studies on insula volumes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder but not in patients with schizoaffective disorder.

Superior Temporal Gyrus Volumes in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder.

To determine if superior temporal gyrus volumes are altered in patients with a social anxiety disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to determine the superior temporal gyrus volume in 21 patients with a social anxiety disorder and 20 control subjects without a social anxiety disorder. The superior temporal gyrus volumes were measured by manual tracing method.

HMRS in the Hippocampus of the Female Patients with Conversion Disorder.

Introduction: Previously, we found a lower NAA (N-acetyl aspartate)/CRE (creatine) ratio in conversion disorder patients, when compared to healthy controls. In this context, the present study was designed to determine the changes in hippocampal NAA, CHO (choline), and CRE values in conversion disorder female patients, which has similar symptom basement and hypothesize that the patients with conversion disorder would have also changed neurochemicals in their hippocampal regions.

Method: Twenty female patients and healthy controls were included in the study.

Insula volumes are altered in patients with social anxiety disorder.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed at examining the volumes of the insula in more pure patients with a social anxiety disorder.

Methods: We examined twenty-one patients with social anxiety disorder according to DSM-IV and twenty healthy controls. All patients and controls were applied to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Magnetic resonance imaging histogram analysis of corpus callosum in a functional neurological disorder.

Background/aim: The aim of the present study was to examine and compare the corpus callosum (CC) via histogram analysis (HA) on T1-weighted MR images of patients diagnosed with Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) and healthy controls.

Materials And Methods: The study group included 19 female patients diagnosed with FND, and the control group included 20 healthy subjects. All participants were scanned with a 1.

Reduced hippocampus and amygdala volumes in antisocial personality disorder.

In the present paper, we aimed to investigate hippocampus and amygdala volumes in a group of patients with antisocial personality disorder and hypothesized that hippocampus and amygdala volume alterations would be observed. It was measured hippocampus and amygdala volumes of twenty patients with antisocial personality disorder and those of healthy control subjects. We found that both sides of hippocampus and amygdala volumes of patients with antisocial personality disorder were statistically significantly reduced compared to those healthy control subjects, and observed statistically important correlations between the left and right and left hippocampus and left amygdala volumes, and age, some results on scale scores.

Smaller Pituitary Volumes in Patients with Delusional Disorder.

Introduction: Delusional disorder shares some clinical characteristics of OCD and hypochondriasis. Delusions compared to obsessions in the OCD and compared to bodily preoccupations in the hypochondriasis are more established beliefs.

Aim: To measure pituitary volumes in patients with delusional disorder and hypothesized that volumes would be reduced in those patients by a mechanism that we could not account for before for patients with OCD and hypochondriasis.

Pineal gland volumes are changed in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

Objective: In the present study, taking into consideration our previous studies showing an association on the neuroanatomy of OCD and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders (OCPD), we also decided to examine pineal gland volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and hypothesized that gland volumes would be found as altered in comparison with those of healthy subjects.

Methods: Sixteen patients with OCPD and eighteen healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared the volumes of pineal gland by using MRI between groups.

Hippocampus and amygdalar volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

Objectives: Moving from the point that there might be an association between the neuroanatomy of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, we decided to examine the volumes of hippocampus and amygdala of patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, which was previously evaluated in OCD patients by us.

Methods: Volumes of the hippocampus, and amygdala were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and healthy control subjects. Manual tracing was used.

Volumetric MRI study of orbito-frontal cortex and thalamus in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

Objectives: Obsessive compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is currently thought to bear a close relationship with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and other compulsive disorders such as eating disorder and autistic spectrum disorder, as well as with the personality disorders, focusing on some important dimensions like phenomenology, heritability, environmental risk factors, comorbidity, course of illness, neurocognitive endophenotypes, and treatment response. In the present study, when we have taken into consideration the knowledge aforementioned, we aimed to examine OFC and thalamus volumes in patients with OCPD.

Methods: We comparatively measured orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) and thalamus volumes of patients with OCPD and healthy control subjects.

Pituitary gland volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder before and after cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Objective: The beneficial effects of psychopharmacological and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the brain are not well understood. In a previous study, we found smaller pituitary volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of CBT on pituitary gland volume.

Evaluation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficients in the Cerebellar Tonsils and Bulbus in Chiari Type I Malformations: Comparison Before and After Surgery.

Aim: To evaluate the preoperative and postoperative 6 < sup > th < /sup > month mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the cerebellar tonsils and bulbus in patients with Chiari Malformation Type I (CMI), and to compare the results with healthy controls.

Material And Methods: We included 15 patients with CMI who underwent suboccipital decompression, upper cervical laminectomy, and duraplasty surgery, and compared them with 10 healthy individuals. Three regions of interest were placed, one each in the cerebellar tonsils and one in the bulbus.

Evaluation of Cortical Brain Parenchyma by Diffusion and Perfusion MRI Before and After Chronic Subdural Hematoma Surgery.

Aim: To evaluate microcirculatory changes in neighboring parenchyma as a result of pressure due to chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in early and late periods after hematoma drainage.

Material And Methods: The subject group consisted of 25 patients who underwent CSDH drainage. Brain diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were obtained preoperatively, and at 48 hours (early period) and 2 months (late period) postoperatively.