Invasive laser acupuncture targeting muscle: a novel approach to protect dopaminergic neurons and reduce neuroinflammation in a brain of Parkinson's disease model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) affects 1-2% of the global population and presents significant therapeutic challenges. Due to the limitations of existing treatments, there is a pressing need for alternative approaches. This study investigated the effects of invasive laser acupuncture (ILA), which combines acupuncture and photobiomodulation.