Standardizing Earlier Testing Protocols to Reduce Hospital-Onset Clostridioides Difficile Infections on a Medical-Surgical Oncology Unit.

Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) can have negative implications for patients and the healthcare system. High counts of hospital-onset CDIs on an oncology unit prompted a quality improvement initiative focused on ear.

Effects of Air Pollution on Respiratory Events and Pain Crises among Children with Sickle Cell Disease in New York City.

The disease burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) is highest among U.S. Black and Hispanic populations, which are often disproportionately represented in communities with poor air quality.

Influence of storage conditions and multiple freeze-thaw cycles on N1 SARS-CoV-2, PMMoV, and BCoV signal.

Wastewater-based epidemiology/wastewater-based surveillance (WBE/WBS) continues to serve as an effective means of monitoring various diseases, including COVID-19 and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, at the population level. As the use of WBE expands, storage conditions of wastewater samples will play a critical role in ensuring the accuracy and reproducibility of results. In this study, the impacts of water concentration buffer (WCB), storage temperature, and freeze-thaw cycles on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other WBE-related gene targets were examined.

Heightened sensitivity to high-calorie foods in children at risk for obesity: insights from behavior, neuroimaging, and genetics.

Pediatric obesity is a major public health concern. Genetic susceptibility and increased availability of energy-dense food are known risk factors for obesity. However, the extent to which these factors jointly bias behavior and neural circuitry towards increased adiposity in children remains unclear.

Juxtametallic Bipolar Bone Radiofrequency Ablation: Thermal Monitoring in an Ex-Vivo Model with Specimen MRI and Histopathologic Correlation.

Purpose: To measure the ablation zone temperature and nontarget tissue temperature during radiofrequency (RF) ablation in bone containing metal instrumentation versus no metal instrumentation (control group).

Materials And Methods: Ex vivo experiments were performed on 15 swine vertebrae (control, n = 5; titanium screw, n = 5; stainless steel screw, n = 5). Screws and RF ablation probe were inserted identically under fluoroscopy.

Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Wastewater of Two Counties in Texas, United States.

After its emergence in late November/December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly spread globally. Recognizing that this virus is shed in feces of individuals and that viral RNA is detectable in wastewater, testing for SARS-CoV-2 in sewage collections systems has allowed for the monitoring of a community's viral burden. Over a 9 month period, the influents of two regional wastewater treatment facilities were concurrently examined for wild-type SARS-CoV-2 along with variants B.

Modern Look at Transverse Myelitis and Inflammatory Myelopathy: Epidemiology of the National Veterans Health Administration Population.

Background And Objectives: To characterize population-level data associated with transverse myelitis (TM) within the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Methods: This retrospective review used VHA electronic medical record from 1999 to 2015. We analyzed prevalence, disease characteristics, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, and mortality data in patients with TM based on the 2002 Diagnostic Criteria.

Effects of differing withdrawal times from ractopamine hydrochloride on residue concentrations of beef muscle, adipose tissue, rendered tallow, and large intestine.

Ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) is a beta-agonist approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medicated feed ingredient for cattle during the final days of finishing to improve feed efficiency and growth.

Differences in brain structure and function in children with the obesity-risk allele.

Objective: Noncoding alleles of the fat mass and obesity-associated () gene have been associated with obesity risk, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Risk allele carriers show alterations in brain structure and function, but previous studies have not disassociated the effects of genotype from those of body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Differences in brain structure and function were examined in children without obesity grouped by their number of copies (0,1,2) of the FTO obesity-risk single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1421085.

Quantification of ractopamine residues on and in beef digestive tract tissues.

Ractopamine hydrochloride is a commercial beta-adrenergic agonist commonly used as a dietary supplement in cattle production for improved feed efficiency and growth promotion. Currently, regulatory target tissues (as approved in the New Animal Drug Application with Food and Drug Administration) for ractopamine residue testing are muscle and liver. However, other tissues have recently been subjected to testing in some export markets for U.

The FTO Gene and Measured Food Intake in 5- to 10-Year-Old Children Without Obesity.

Objective: Genetic variation in the first intron of FTO (e.g., single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs9939609) is strongly associated with adiposity.

Pharmacotherapy of eating disorders.

Purpose Of Review: Medications are commonly prescribed in the treatment of eating disorders. In this review, we discuss relevant medications used for the treatment of bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder (BED), and anorexia nervosa. We focus on recent research developments, where applicable, in addition to discussing important findings from older studies to provide a complete synopsis of the current evidence base for eating disorder treatment using pharmacologic agents.