Non-transgenic RNAi strategies for sustainable plant viral disease control: a review.

Viruses are a major cause of plant disease with an estimated annual economic impact of over $30 billion. They account for nearly 50% of the pathogens responsible for emerging and re-emerging plant diseases worldwide. To confer resistance against these diseases RNA interference (RNAi) technology can be employed.

Patterns of Adverse Drug Reaction in the Medical Wards of a Teaching Hospital: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition, an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) is a response to a drug that is noxious and unintended and occurs at doses normally used in humans for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. The risk factors of ADR are multi-factorial and include poly-pharmacy, age, gender, race, genetics and inter-current disease.

Patients And Methods: This was a hospital based, prospective, observational cohort study undertaken in a tertiary care hospital in south India to assess the different patterns of adverse drug reaction in medical wards over 6 months.