Indirect presentation of mismatched human leukocyte antigen-B associates with outcomes of cord blood transplantation.

Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is a valuable donor source for patients without human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors. While CBT has a lower risk of graft-versus-host disease and requires less stringent histocompatibility, it is associated with a higher transplantation-related mortality (TRM) compared to other donor sources. We hypothesized that assessing the immunogenicity of mismatched HLA could reveal non-permissive mismatches contributing to increased TRM.

Prognostic impact of TET2 mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: HM-SCREEN-Japan 01 and 02 study.

Ten-eleven translocation-2 (TET2) gene mutations are observed in 12-20% of adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The prognostic impact of TET2 mutations in patients with AML and myelodysplastic syndromes has been reported in several studies; however, their results remain controversial. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the prevalence and significance of TET2 mutations in patients with AML.

TIM-3 marks measurable residual leukemic stem cells responsible for relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

In this study, we investigated the measurable residual leukemic stem cell (MR-LSC) population after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), utilizing T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) expression as a functional marker of AML leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Analysis of the CD34CD38 fraction of bone marrow cells immediately after achievement of engraftment revealed the presence of both TIM-3LSCs and TIM-3 donor hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) at varying ratios. Genetic analysis confirmed that TIM-3 cells harbored patient-specific mutations identical to those found in AML clones, whereas TIM-3 cells did not, indicating that TIM-3CD34CD38 cells represent residual AML LSCs.

A practice-oriented genome-profiling study for acute myeloid leukemia using the novel HANDLE system: HM-screen-JAPAN02.

HM-SCREEN-Japan is a multicenter collaborative project in Japan to evaluate the clinical utility of a cancer genome panel in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The HM-SCREEN-JAPAN02 study used the Amoy Myeloid Panel with the HANDLE system, which enables efficient and rapid sequencing, as the genomic testing kit. The Amoy Myeloid Panel targets 53 genes with established clinical significance or high prevalence.

Procalcitonin elevation in febrile recipients during pre-transplant conditioning with anti-thymocyte globulin.

Infection is a major contributor to non-relapse mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Detecting infectious diseases in febrile patients during pretransplant conditioning is crucial for subsequent transplant success. Procalcitonin (PCT) is an auxiliary diagnostic marker of severe bacterial infections and has been proposed as a useful predictor of infection in patients undergoing allo-HSCT.

Impact of a third dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: A Japanese multicenter observational study.

This prospective observational study aimed to assess the serological response and safety after the third booster shot of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in 292 hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. In our patients, mild systemic reactions were present in 10-40% and GVHD aggravation in 1.1%.

Predictors of impaired antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: A Japanese multicenter observational study.

HCT recipients reportedly have a high mortality rate after developing COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is generally useful to prevent COVID-19. However, its safety and efficacy among HCT recipients remain elusive.

Successful pseudo-autologous stem cell transplantation for donor-derived Burkitt lymphoma occurring 9 years after allogeneic transplantation.

Donor-derived hematological malignancies have been recognized as rare but serious late complications in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. Most cases in the literature were diagnosed as myelodysplastic syndrome or acute leukemia, with very few malignant lymphoma reported. We herein present another case of donor-derived Burkitt lymphoma that occurred 9 years after allo-HSCT under continued administration of immunosuppressants for chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Prognostic value of pre-transplantation total metabolic tumor volume on fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography in relapsed and refractory aggressive lymphoma.

Relapsed and refractory aggressive lymphoma have a poor prognosis. High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) is effective in chemosensitive patients. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is among the few options for non-chemosensitive patients.

Early-onset cardiac dysfunction following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective: Heart failure following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a serious complication that requires early detection; however, the clinical implications of early-onset cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) following allo-HSCT remain unclear. We investigated the determinants and prognostic impact of early-onset CTRCD in allo-HSCT recipients.

Methods: The records of 136 patients with haematological malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT at our institute were retrospectively reviewed.

Risk factors for late cytomegalovirus infection after completing letermovir prophylaxis.

Prophylactic use of letermovir (LMV) markedly reduces the incidence of early clinically significant cytomegalovirus (csCMV) infection within the first 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), which improves transplant outcomes. However, some patients eventually develop late-csCMV infection (beyond day 100) after completing LMV prophylaxis. To assess the incidence of late-csCMV infection as well as its risk factors and impacts on transplant outcome, a total of 81 allo-HCT recipients who had not developed early csCMV infection during LMV prophylaxis were retrospectively analyzed.

Development and Validation of an LC-MS/MS Method to Quantify Gilteritinib and Its Clinical Application in Patients With FLT3 Mutation-Positive Acute Myelogenous Leukemia.

Background: Gilteritinib, a novel oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) mutations. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of gilteritinib is important for improving clinical outcomes and ensuring safety. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a simplified method for quantifying gilteritinib in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Incidence of refractory cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease can be almost completely avoided by current infection control procedures. However, CMV reactivation occurs in more than half of patients, and some patients can develop clinically resistant CMV infections. Whether resistance is due to the host's immune status or a viral resistance mutation is challenging to confirm.

[Stratified treatment of fit and unfit acute myeloid leukemia].

The etiology and pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been elucidated at chromosomal and genetic levels. The classification and prognosis for its treatment has clearly involved specific chromosomal aberrations and genetic mutations. The recent comprehensive genomic analysis represented by next-generation sequencers has led to discovering new genetic mutations in AML.

Azacitidine for the treatment of patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

We retrospectively analyzed 38 patients with AML who received azacitidine (AZA) to treat disease relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Patients with objective response (OR) ( = 20) after AZA had significantly higher 2-year overall survival (OS) (45.0% vs 5.

Outcomes of methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.

Recently, the use of targeted synthetic or biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (ts/bDMARDs) in addition to conventional synthetic (cs)DMARDs including methotrexate (MTX) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has increased. However, whether ts/bDMARDs are associated with the development and clinicopathological features of MTX-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) in patients with RA remains unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of 121 patients with MTX-LPD.

Outcome predictors after retransplantation in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a multicenter, retrospective study.

Retransplantation is the only curative treatment option for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that has relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT); however, data in this setting remain scant. Hence, this multicenter, retrospective study aims to determine outcome predictors after retransplantation in relapsed ALL. We examined 55 recipients who underwent multiple allo-HCTs during 2006-2018.

Efficacy of prophylactic letermovir for cytomegalovirus reactivation in hematopoietic cell transplantation: a multicenter real-world data.

A novel anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) agent, letermovir (LMV), could reportedly improve the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients because of its high potential to prevent CMV reactivation. Therefore, 685 Japanese allo-HCT recipients, of whom ~80% had a high risk of CMV reactivation, were retrospectively analyzed to assess the impacts of prophylactic LMV on the incidence of clinically significant CMV (csCMV) infection as well as their transplant outcome. By comparing 114 patients who received LMV prophylaxis for a median 92 days to 571 patients without prophylaxis, we observed that prophylactic LMV could significantly (1) reduce the 180-day cumulative incidence of csCMV infection (44.

Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Encephalopathy Presenting with Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in an Immunosuppressive State.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is occasionally accompanied by central nervous system (CNS) complications, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. However, the symptoms and clinical features of EBV infection in the CNS are rather heterogeneous and remain unknown. We herein describe the first reported adult case manifesting nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), possibly associated with reactivation of EBV in an immunosuppressive state.

Myeloablative intravenous busulfan-containing regimens for allo-HSCT in AML or MDS patients over 54 years old: combined results of three phase II studies.

An optimal pretransplant conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in older adults has not been established. Three prospective multicenter phase II studies were conducted, in which 142 patients older than 54 years (median age, 61 years; range 55-70 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) received a myeloablative dose of intravenous busulfan (ivBu, 12.8 mg/kg) along with fludarabine (180 mg/m) ± low dose total body irradiation for allo-HSCT between September 2009 and February 2013.

Correction to: Measurable residual disease after the first consolidation predicts the outcomes of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy.

In the original publication of the article, the "CNS involvement" in the last row under the column "Total N=50" has been published incorrectly. The correct Table 1 is given in this correction.