Ultrasound Assessment of Retained Products of Conception (RPOC): Insights from the Current Literature.

Retained products of conception (RPOC) represent a significant cause of morbidity in the post-abortive and postpartum periods, potentially leading to abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, infections, and intrauterine adhesions. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions and to preserve future fertility. Transvaginal ultrasound constitutes the primary imaging modality for identifying RPOC, but the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria complicates clinical decision-making.

Fetal Thigh Circumference Nomograms Across Gestational Ages: A Retrospective Study.

: Fetal thigh circumference (ThC) may be a valuable parameter for assessing fetal growth. Thus, this study aimed to establish reference ranges for ThC across gestational ages (GA). : This retrospective study included singleton pregnancies between 12 and 38 weeks of gestation.

Immunological interventions in recurrent implantation failure: a systematic review and SWOT analysis.

Introduction: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) occurs when pregnancy is not achieved after multiple embryo transfers. The lack of standardized diagnostic criteria among clinicians makes RIF a particularly challenging condition, leading to the use of various procedures, including immunological ones, often without robust evidence. This study aims to provide an overview of the main characteristics of existing research on the role of interventions in relation to in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in patients with RIF.

First-trimester ultrasound diagnosis of sirenomelia: A case report.

Sirenomelia is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the fusion of the lower limbs and is generally associated with severe multisystem anomalies. Advances in prenatal imaging have significantly improved the ability to diagnose this condition early in pregnancy, allowing for timely counseling and management. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman who was referred at 13 weeks of gestation for first-trimester combined screening.

Trastuzumab monotherapy as maintenance treatment for metastatic HER2+ vulvar Paget disease: systematic review and case report.

Vulvar Paget's disease (VPD) is a rare intraepithelial malignancy frequently associated with HER2 overexpression. This study offers insights into managing HER2-positive extramammary Paget's disease cases in which trastuzumab monotherapy was administered as manteinance therapy. We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with VDP and lymph node involvement, who was initially treated with paclitaxel and trastuzumab, for which chemotherapy was discontinued due to significant side effects, and trastuzumab as maintenance therapy was continued, resulting in significant regression of metastatic lesions.

Effectiveness of office hysteroscopy for retained products of conception: insights from 468 cases.

Purpose: Retained products of conception (RPOC) are a common complication following pregnancy. Office hysteroscopy (OH) is increasingly used for diagnostics and management due to its minimally invasive nature. However, incidence of incomplete OH removal and procedures in which no RPOC are identified despite prior suspicion remains a concern.

Endometrial Osseous Metaplasia: A Retrospective Analysis and Systematic Review.

Endometrial osseous metaplasia is a rare condition defined as the presence of heterotopic bone in the endometrium. A retrospective, monocentric analysis was conducted, including patients with endometrial osseous metaplasia, and a systematic review of the literature was performed. The retrospective analysis included 10 cases.

Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) Sequence Phenotypes: A Comprehensive Visual Analysis.

Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare and severe complication of monochorionic twins, occurring in approximately 1 in 35 000 pregnancies. It is characterized by the presence of a severely abnormal, nonviable acardiac twin and a structurally normal pump twin, which sustains the circulation of both fetuses through abnormal vascular placental anastomoses. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate the sonographic and Doppler findings associated with TRAP sequence, emphasizing the diagnostic prenatal features.

The Interplay Between Cervicovaginal Microbiota Diversity, Profiles and Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Interest in defining the characteristics of the cervicovaginal microbiota (CVM) in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is growing, particularly concerning species, as evidence suggests that these may differ in affected women and potentially interact with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Understanding these features could have important implications for disease management. Thus, this study aims to systematically review the main characteristics of available literature exploring the relationship between CVM diversity, profiles, and HPV in ICC; A comprehensive bibliographic search was conducted across databases, including Medline, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.

Comparative Analysis of the Frequency of Fresh and Frozen Fish Consumption Among Two Cohorts of Pregnant Women.

Objectives: today's consumers are increasingly interested in the relationship between food and health, recognizing food as a means to meet nutritional needs and prevent diseases. A diet rich in fish is beneficial to health, potentially protecting against cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. During pregnancy, adequate nutrition benefits both the mother and the unborn child.

PD-1 and PD-L1 Expression in Endometrial Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Cancer immunotherapy through the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown significant promise in endometrial carcinoma (EC), particularly in tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), present in approximately 30% of cases. This review evaluated PD-L1 and PD-1 expression as potential biomarkers for immunotherapy response in EC, focusing on their relationship with MSI status. A systematic review, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, analyzed studies from MEDLINE and Embase until February 2023 on PD-1/PD-L1 expression in EC stratified by MSI status, including diverse study designs but excluding conference abstracts, with independent screening, data extraction, and additional reference checks to ensure comprehensive coverage.

Outcomes of Intrauterine Interventions in Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) Sequence: A Systematic Review of the Literature Over the Past 35 Years.

Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is an uncommon disease affecting monochorionic twin pregnancies. The diagnosis can be made by ultrasound allowing to plan optimal antenatal management. An electronic search was conducted from inception to July 2024 to systematically evaluate and compare the outcomes of different intrauterine interventions in this condition.

Clinical implications of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancers which potentially spread to peritoneum.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process by which epithelial cells increase their motility and acquire invasive capacity. It represents a crucial driver of cancer metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. EMT plasticity, with cells exhibiting hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal states, and its reverse process, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), allows them to adapt to different microenvironments and evade therapeutic intervention.

Relevance of microbiological cultures of cord blood and placental swabs in the rapid diagnosis of preterm newborn infection due to : A case report.

() is a Gram-positive bacterium causing listeriosis, a rare but severe foodborne infection, particularly impactful during pregnancy. Maternal-fetal transmission can lead to adverse fetal outcomes, yet symptoms in mothers may be nonspecific, delaying intervention. Despite the severity, the mechanisms of vertical transmission remain unclear.

Exploring the Relationship between Ovarian Cancer and Genital Microbiota: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a significant health challenge globally, with high mortality rates despite advancements in treatment. Emerging research suggests a potential link between OC development and genital dysbiosis, implicating alterations in the microbiome composition as a contributing factor. To investigate this correlation, a meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines, involving eight studies encompassing 3504 patients.

Association between Fish Consumption during Pregnancy and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Statistical Study in Southern Italy.

This research aimed to evaluate the association between the monthly consumption of fish (differentiated by type) and both gestational and neonatal outcomes. Women who were admitted for delivery in the last 6 months of 2023 were prospectively included and divided according to type of fish consumed (based on DHA and mercury content) and frequency of consumption. Neonatal outcomes included weight, length, head circumference, and 1st and 5th minute Apgar scores.

Correlation of sexual desire with sexual hormone binding globulin and free androgen index in women using combined contraceptives.

Purpose: To correlate the sexual desire levels with sexual hormone binding globulin and free androgen index in women taking different types of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) containing ethinylestradiol (EE), oestradiol valerate (E2V), 17β-oestradiol (E2), or estetrol (E4), combined or in phasic formulation with different progestogens having antiandrogenic properties.

Methods: Three hundred and sixty-seven women (age range 18-46) participated in the study. SHBG and total testosterone (TT) were measured, and the Free Androgen Index (FAI) was calculated.

Challenges in the diagnosis and management of Robert's uterus: Systematic review and case presentation.

Robert's uterus is a rare Müllerian duct anomaly (MDA) characterized by complete asymmetric septum dividing uterine cavity into two non-communicating parts. This study offers insights into diagnosing and management of this condition in a young patient, and a systematic literature review. The review included 19 studies from 2013 to 2023.

The Coexistence of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN3) and Adenocarcinoma In Situ (AIS) in LEEP Excisions Performed for CIN3.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of AIS and AC in the histological cone of women treated for CIN3. Furthermore, through the study of the specific HR HPV genotypes, we obtained more information on the possible different nature between the single CIN3 lesion and the CIN3 coexisting with the glandular lesion.

Methods: A sample of 414 women underwent LEEP for CIN3.

Correlation of the HPV 16 Genotype Persistence in Women Undergoing LEEP for CIN3 with the Risk of CIN2+ Relapses in the First 18 Months of Follow-Up: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Objective: Specific hr-HPV genotypes have different natural histories and different oncogenic capacity. This study aimed to investigate the risk of CIN2+ recurrence of the individual genotypes and evaluate how the duration of HPV persistence influences the risk of developing recurrent 16 cervical dysplasia of high grade (CIN2+).

Methods: Data from patients with persistent HPV infection after primary conization were retrospectively extracted.

Impact of obesity in the identification of the sentinel lymph node in endometrial cancer: a retrospective, monocentric study and literature review.

Purpose: To evaluate the sentinel lymph node (SLN) protocol for staging endometrial carcinomas, assessing its impact on surgical management, and determining indications for adjuvant therapies. The study also examines factors that may influence SNL mapping, particularly focusing on the failure of the technique due to obesity.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of patients with a histological diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma, who underwent surgical staging with SLN biopsy.

Rate of Vaginal Cuff Dehiscence When Using Vicryl (Poliglactyn 910) Compared to PDS (Polydioxanone) for Vaginal Cuff Closure in Laparoscopic Hysterectomy.

To compare the vaginal cuff dehiscence (VCD) rates using Vicryl (Poliglactyn 910) and Polydioxanone (PDS) in patients who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy. A retrospective, monocentric study was conducted, including all patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Garibaldi Nesima, Catania, between January 2014 and December 2021. Patients underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecologic pathologies (endometriosis, leiomyomas, or benign pelvic pathologies) or malignant gynecologic pathologies (endometrium cancer, complex endometrial hyperplasia, ovarian cancer, cervix cancer, or uterine carcinosarcoma).

Exploring Surgical Strategies for Uterine Fibroid Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Literature on Open and Minimally Invasive Approaches.

Uterine myomas represent one of the most prevalent pathologies affecting the female population. These benign neoplasms originate from the smooth muscular cells of the uterus, and they can be either single or multiple. Often associated with debilitating symptoms such as pelvic heaviness, pain, constipation, and urinary dysfunctions, the surgical management of myomectomy exhibits considerable variability.