Dissecting the mechanisms of copper-azole wood preservatives detoxification by ligninolytic fungi.

Copper-azole based formulations have been widely used to protect wood timbers against fungal decay. While these treatments are efficient for wood protection, leaching of both copper and azoles into the environment has deleterious impact on soils and surface waters. No bioremediation process is currently available for disposable of these wood wastes.

Comparative Copper Resistance Strategies of and in a Copper/Azole-Treated Wood Microcosm.

Copper-based formulations of wood preservatives are widely used in industry to protect wood materials from degradation caused by fungi. Wood treated with preservatives generate toxic waste that currently cannot be properly recycled. Despite copper being very efficient as an antifungal agent against most fungi, some species are able to cope with these high metal concentrations.

Salicylic Acid in Plant Symbioses: Beyond Plant Pathogen Interactions.

Plants form beneficial symbioses with a wide variety of microorganisms. Among these, endophytes, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are some of the most studied and well understood symbiotic interactions. These symbiotic microorganisms promote plant nutrition and growth.

Aphid infestation differently affects the defences of nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing and alters symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

Legumes can meet their nitrogen requirements through root nodule symbiosis, which could also trigger plant systemic resistance against pests. The pea aphid , a legume pest, can harbour different facultative symbionts (FS) influencing various traits of their hosts. It is therefore worth determining if and how the symbionts of the plant and the aphid modulate their interaction.