A retrospective analysis on optimal medical therapy for patients with symptomatic lower extremity peripheral artery disease: a French observational study.

Objective: Patients with symptomatic lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) should have an optimal management in terms of lipid goal [i.e. controlled LDL-cholesterol (LDLc)] and medical treatment (triple therapy with an antiplatelet agent, a statin and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or a angiotensin-receptor antagonist).

An unfavorable dietary pattern is associated with symptomatic peripheral artery disease.

Background And Aims: Diet has an essential role in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention by modulating various cardiovascular risk factors. The need to have easily useable tools seems essential to facilitate the daily practice of clinicians in order to propose the most optimal management of their patients' diet. The aim of this study was to compare the diet assessed with a simple food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) between patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) and healthy subjects.

Management of lipid variables in primary cardiovascular prevention: A position paper from the Heart, Vessels and Metabolism Group of the French Society of Cardiology.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol has been established as a powerful cardiovascular risk factor; its reduction provides a clinical benefit in primary cardiovascular prevention, irrespective of the characteristics of the patients treated. It is useful to tailor low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets according to the magnitude of cardiovascular risk (low, high or very high) in order to reduce the cardiovascular risk as fully as possible. In order to provide a uniform approach, it is necessary to propose recommendations for good practice, defining strategies for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Treatment of pediatric heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia 7 years after the EAS recommendations: Real-world results from a large French cohort.

Background: Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) predisposes to premature cardiovascular diseases. Since 2015, the European Atherosclerosis Society has advocated initiation of statins at 8-10 years of age and a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target of <135 mg/dL. Longitudinal data from large databases on pharmacological management of pediatric HeFH are lacking.

Impact of dietary intervention on eating behavior after ischemic stroke.

Objective: Ischemic stroke is a major health issue. Currently, the relationship between dietary patterns and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases including stroke is established, but the effect of systematic dietary intervention on dietary changes in ischemic stroke patients is unknown. Our objective was to compare changes in the dietary pattern of ischemic stroke patients who received a systematic diet intervention with changes in the dietary pattern of ischemic stroke patients who did not receive a systematic dietary intervention during their hospitalization.

Additive Effect of Rare Variants on the Phenotype of Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

Background: Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is due to deleterious variants in , , or genes. Double heterozygote for these genes induces a more severe phenotype. More recently, a new causative variant of heterozygous ADH was identified in .

Factors Predicting Statin Initiation During Childhood in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Importance of Genetic Diagnosis.

Objective: To identify childhood and parental factors associated with initiation of statin therapy in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), including underlying genetic diagnosis or parental premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Study Design: This multicenter cohort study included 245 HeFH child-parent pairs from the REFERCHOL national register (2014-2020). Demographic and clinical characteristics at the last visit were collected.

Molecular Spectrum in a French Cohort with Primary Dyslipidemia.

Primary hypercholesterolemia is characterized by elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels isolated in autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) or associated with elevated triglyceride levels in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL). Rare variants are known in ADH and FCHL. We explored the molecular spectrum in a French ADH/FCHL cohort of 5743 unrelated probands.

Effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on total and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in primary prevention: A nationwide study based on French Health Insurance Data (SNDS).

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) both inhibit the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) but have different sites of action. Whether clinically meaningful differences exist is still debated. The authors set up a population-based nationwide retrospective cohort study with at least 5 years of follow-up based on the comprehensive French Health Insurance Database linked to the French hospital discharge database.

Validation and reproducibility of a short food frequency questionnaire for cardiovascular prevention.

Background: Diet strongly influences cardiovascular risk. Dietary evaluation is a major issue in cardiovascular prevention, but few simple tools are available. Our team previously validated a short food frequency questionnaire; a new version of this questionnaire (Cardiovascular Dietary Questionnaire 2 [CDQ-2]) is easier to complete and more reliable.

Geographical variations in the prevalence of hypertension in France: Cross-sectional analysis of the CONSTANCES cohort.

Aims: While international variations in the prevalence of hypertension are well described, less is known about intra-national disparities and their determinants. We wanted to describe the variations in hypertension prevalence within France and to determine how much lifestyle and socioeconomic factors contributed to explain these regional variations.

Methods: Participants (62,247 French adults aged 18 to 69 years) were recruited in the 16 centres of the CONSTANCES study between 2012 and 2015.

A minimal resting time of 25 min is needed before measuring stabilized blood pressure in subjects addressed for vascular investigations.

Blood pressure (BP) measurement is a central element in clinical practice. According to international recommendations 3 to 5 minutes of resting is needed before blood pressure measurement. Surprisingly, no study has modelled the time course of BP decrease and the minimum resting-time before BP measurement.

Safety of Fixed Dose of Antihypertensive Drug Combinations Compared to (Single Pill) Free-Combinations: A Nested Matched Case-Control Analysis.

To compare serious adverse events of fixed-dose dual antihypertensive drug combination (FIXED) to component-based free-combination (FREE).A population-based nationwide cohort from the French Health Insurance System included subjects over 50 years with first time claims (new user) in the second half of 2009 for a calcium-channel blocker or a thiazide-like diuretic in combination with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker as FREE or FIXED. We designed a nested matched case-control analysis with 304 cases, hospitalized for hypotension, syncope, or collapse (n = 224), renal failure (n = 19), hyponatremia, hyper- or hypokalemia (n = 61) and 1394 controls matched for gender, age, date of inclusion in the cohort, and administrative county.

Effect on blood lipids of two daily servings of Camembert cheese. An intervention trial in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects.

As a concentrated source of saturated fat, cheese consumption is considered to be associated with increased cholesterolemia and generally forbidden in dietary guidelines for adults with hypercholesterolemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of saturated fatty acids on lipid parameters and blood pressure with regards to different types of dairy products: Camembert and full-fat yoghurt. One-hundred and fifty-nine moderate hypercholesterolemic subjects without treatment were instructed to consume two full-fat yoghurts (2 × 125 g) per day for 3 weeks (run-in period) and then for a further period of 5 weeks, either two full-fat yoghurts or two 30 g servings of Camembert cheese per day.

[Effects of chocolate consumption on physiology and cardiovascular diseases].

Cocoa has a high content in polyphenols, especially flavonols. Flavonols exert a favourable effect on endothelium-derived vasodilation via the stimulation of nitric oxide-synthase (NOS), the increased availability of l-arginine (NO donor) and the decreased degradation of NO. Cocoa may also have a beneficial effect via the decreased platelet aggregation, the decreased lipid oxidation and insulin resistance.

Effects of sauna alone and postexercise sauna baths on blood pressure and hemodynamic variables in patients with untreated hypertension.

The effects of sauna alone vs exercise and sauna on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and central hemodynamic variables were measured in 16 patients with untreated hypertension assigned to a control period, sauna, or exercise and sauna. Exercise and sauna had positive effects on 24-hour systolic and mean blood pressure in patients with untreated hypertension. Exercise and sauna and sauna alone reduce total vascular resistance, with positive effects lasting up to 120 minutes after heat exposure.

Effects of sauna alone versus postexercise sauna baths on short-term heart rate variability in patients with untreated hypertension.

Purpose: We measured the effects of sauna bathing alone or a 30-minute exercise session followed by sauna bathing on short-term heart rate variability (HRV) in subjects with untreated hypertension.

Methods: Ten patients with untreated hypertension (age 59 ± 10 years) were randomly assigned to (1) a control resting session, (2) two 8-minute sauna-only sessions (S), or (3) a 30-minute aerobic exercise session at 75% of maximal heart rate followed by a sauna session (ES). Spectral analysis of HRV was measured with a Polar S810 heart rate monitor at baseline, during the sauna session, and 15 and 120 minutes after the sauna session (T15 and T120).

Cardiovascular effects of B-vitamins and/or N-3 fatty acids: the SU.FOL.OM3 trial.

Background: Mechanisms involved in coronary stenosis evolution are different than those involved in clinical events. Because of differential vascular effects, N-3 polyunsatured fatty acids (PUFA) and B vitamins could have differential effects on different types of cardiovascular clinical events in high-risk patients.

Methods: We analyzed the effects of n-3 PUFA and of B vitamins on both coronary revascularization and on hard coronary events risks in a subgroup of the SU.

Heterogeneity of dietary profiles in highly sedentary young Guadeloupean women.

Objective: The aim was to examine the relationship between physical activity pattern and dietary profile. Although some clustering of the variables related to these major determinants of cardiovascular risk has been demonstrated, they have not been extensively studied together.

Participants, Design, And Setting: Two hundred two female university students from the main Guadeloupe (French West Indies) campus participated.

An unfavorable dietary pattern is associated with symptomatic ischemic stroke and carotid atherosclerosis.

Objective: Ischemic strokes represent more than 80% of total strokes in Western countries. The influence of dietary factors on ischemic stroke risk is debated mainly because available data are limited. Our objective was to compare the dietary pattern of symptomatic ischemic stroke patients under 65 years old with control subjects using a validated 14-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).

Optimization of high intensity interval exercise in coronary heart disease.

High intensity interval training has been shown to be more effective than moderate intensity continuous training for improving maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, no evidence supports the prescription of one specific protocol of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute cardiopulmonary responses with four different single bouts of HIIE in order to identify the most optimal one in CHD patients.