Clinical Predictors and Risk Factors of Gleason Score Upgrade: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

In prostate cancer (PCa) patients, discrepancies between biopsy-assigned Gleason Scores and those determined from surgical specimens are frequently reported. This phenomenon, known as Gleason score upgrade (GSU), can have significant clinical implications. This work aims to understand the factors contributing to GSU for refining prostate cancer management strategies.

Impact of Nerve-Sparing Techniques on Prostate-Specific Antigen Persistence Following Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Multivariable Analysis of Clinical and Pathological Predictors.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence, defined as a postoperative PSA level ≥ 0.1 ng/mL measured within 4-8 weeks after radical prostatectomy (RP), predicts biochemical recurrence (BCR) and adverse oncological outcomes. The influence of nerve-sparing (NS) surgical techniques on PSA persistence remains debated, especially among patients with high-risk pathological features.

Rezūm water vapor therapy vs. thulium laser enucleation for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with large prostates: a multicenter prospective comparative study.

Background: Despite the growing body of evidence supporting the use Rezūm in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and large prostates, comparative studies with the current gold standard in this clinical setting are lacking.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of Rezūm and Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP) in patients with BPH and large prostates.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter prospective comparative study.

Cognitive Targeted Prostate Biopsy Alone for Diagnosing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Selected Biopsy-Naïve Patients: Results from a Retrospective Pilot Study.

(1) Background: To identify a particular setting of biopsy-naïve patients in which it would be reasonable to offer only cognitive targeted prostate biopsy (PBx) with a transrectal approach. (2) Methods: We designed an observational retrospective pilot study. Patients with a prostatic specific antigen (PSA) level > 10 ng/mL, either a normal or suspicious digital rectal examination (DRE), and a lesion with a PI-RADS score ≥ 4 in the postero-medial or postero-lateral peripheral zone were included.

D-Mannose Plus to Prevent Urinary Tract Infections and Discomfort after Cystoscopy: A Single-Center Prospective Randomized Pilot Study.

: Patients undergoing cystoscopy can experience discomfort or pain during the procedure. In some cases, a urinary tract infection (UTI) with storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) may occur in the days following the procedure. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of D-mannose plus in the prevention of UTIs and discomfort in patients undergoing cystoscopy.

Micro-Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Staging of Prostate and Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate and prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) are some examples of how the advancement of imaging techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis, staging, and consequently management of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Although with less striking results, novel radiological modalities have also been proposed for bladder cancer (BCa) in recent years. Micro-ultrasound (MUS) is an imaging examination characterized by high real-time spatial resolution, recently introduced in the urological field.

46,XX Testicular Disorder of Sex Development (DSD): A Case Report and Systematic Review.

XX male syndrome is part of the disorders of sex development (DSD). The patients generally have normal external genitalia and discover their pathology in adulthood because of infertility. There are no guidelines regarding XX male syndrome, so the aim of our study was to evaluate the literature evidence in order to guide the physicians in the management of these type of patients.

The impact of previous prostate surgery on the outcomes of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) in patients who had undergone prior prostate surgery (PPS).

Methods: In this study 946 consecutive LR P patients were included and a retrospective comparison between those patients who had received PPS (group A) and those who had not received PPS (group B) was carried out. The preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data was collected in a prospectively-maintained database.

Leydig cell tumour and giant adrenal myelolipoma associated with adrenogenital syndrome: a case report with a review of the literature.

Context: Male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) may develop bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumours (TARTs). These tumours, in most cases, regress with glucocorticoid therapy and their histological differentiation from Leydig-cell tumors is quite difficult.

Objective: The aim of this study was to differentiate the histological and clinical features of the TARTs from those of the Leydig-cell tumours.