ChatGPT artificial intelligence in clinical data analysis: an example comparing standard fusion prostate biopsy outcomes after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RaRP).

Objective: To compare statistical outputs from ChatGPT 4.0 and human experts in both comparative and correlation analyses in the evaluation of multiparametric MRI/ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy plus random biopsy versus standard random biopsy alone, in terms of upstaging.

Methods: Authors performed a retrospective evaluation on 101 patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RaRP) between 2021 and 2023.

The mortality impacts of greening Italy.

Green spaces have been shown to be beneficial to humans, but quantifying these benefits is a challenge for epidemiology. In this health impact assessment study, we exploit satellites to estimate for the whole of Italy the number of deaths that could be prevented in the 49 million adult population by greening residential areas. The exposure was assessed by calculating the normalized difference vegetation index at 10-m resolution within a 300-m distance from homes in 7904 municipalities.

Corrigendum: Environmental pressures, tumor characteristics, and death rate in a female breast cancer cohort: a seven-years Bayesian survival analysis using cancer registry data from a contaminated area in Italy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.

Acute Hyperglycemia-Induced Injury in Myocardial Infarction.

Acute hyperglycemia is a transient increase in plasma glucose level (PGL) frequently observed in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this review is to clarify the molecular mechanisms whereby acute hyperglycemia impacts coronary flow and myocardial perfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to discuss the consequent clinical and prognostic implications. We conducted a comprehensive literature review on the molecular causes of myocardial damage driven by acute hyperglycemia in the context of AMI.

Sex, environment, and death rate in a dementia cohort: a seven-years Bayesian survival analysis using medications data from a contaminated area in Italy.

Introduction: Studies have analyzed the effects of industrial installations on the environment and human health in Taranto, Southern Italy. Literature documented associations between different variables and dementia mortality among both women and men. The present study aims to investigate the associations between sex, environment, age, disease duration, pandemic years, anti-dementia drugs, and death rate.

Gender differences, environmental pressures, tumor characteristics, and death rate in a lung cancer cohort: a seven-years Bayesian survival analysis using cancer registry data from a contaminated area in Italy.

Introduction: In Taranto, Southern Italy, adverse impacts on the environment and human health due to industrial installations have been studied. In the literature, associations have been reported between gender, environmental factors, and lung cancer mortality in women and men. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between gender, residence in areas with high environmental pressures, bronchus/lung cancer characteristics, and death rate.

Environmental pressures, tumor characteristics, and death rate in a female breast cancer cohort: a seven-years Bayesian survival analysis using cancer registry data from a contaminated area in Italy.

Introduction: In Taranto, Southern Italy, adverse impacts on the environment and human health due to industrial installations have been studied. In the literature, few associations have been reported between environmental factors and breast cancer mortality in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between residence in areas with high environmental pressures, female breast cancer characteristics, and death rate.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Socioeconomic Deprivation on Admissions to the Emergency Department for Psychiatric Illness: An Observational Study in a Province of Southern Italy.

The restriction measures adopted to limit population movement in order to contain the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a global public health system crisis. This retrospective study aimed at identifying changes in psychiatric admissions to Accident and Emergency Departments (A&Es) in a province in southern Italy during the first two years of the pandemic and was characterized by two different restriction levels (phases 2 and 3) compared to the pre-pandemic period (phase 1). We also investigated the role of socioeconomic deprivation (DI) on psychiatric admissions.

No Excess of Mortality from Lung Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic in an Area at Environmental Risk: Results of an Explorative Analysis.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictive measures associated with it placed enormous pressure on health facilities and may have caused delays in the treatment of other diseases, leading to increases in mortality compared to the expected rates. Areas with high levels of air pollution already have a high risk of death from cancer, so we aimed to evaluate the possible indirect effects of the pandemic on mortality from lung cancer compared to the pre-pandemic period in the province of Taranto, a polluted site of national interest for environmental risk in the south of Italy.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective observational study on lung cancer data (ICD-10: C34) from the Registry of Mortality (ReMo) for municipalities in Taranto Province over the period of 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021.

Anti-dopamine D2 receptor antibodies in chronic tic disorders.

Aim: To investigate the association between circulating anti-dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) autoantibodies and the exacerbation of tics in children with chronic tic disorders (CTDs).

Method: One hundred and thirty-seven children with CTDs (108 males, 29 females; mean age [SD] 10y 0mo [2y 7mo], range 4-16y) were recruited over 18 months. Patients were assessed at baseline, at tic exacerbation, and at 2 months after exacerbation.

Time-dependent benefits of pre-treatment with new oral P2Y -inhibitors in patients addressed to primary PCI for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Objectives: The aim of this observational study was to determine the benefits of the novel, orally delivered P2Y -inhibitors (Is) in terms of angiographic endpoints and in relation to the time of the loading dose (LD) administration.

Background: The goal of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treatment is timely reperfusion. The P2Y -Is prasugrel and ticagrelor have improved the angiographic outcome of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and patients' prognosis.

Calcimimetic R-568 vasodilatory effect on mesenteric vascular beds from normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. Potential involvement of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs).

The potential role of calcimimetics as vasculotropic agents has been suggested since the discovery that calcium sensing receptors (CaSRs) are expressed in cardiovascular tissues. However, whether this effect is CaSR-dependent or -independent is still unclear. In the present study the vascular activity of calcimimetic R-568 was investigated in mesenteric vascular beds (MVBs) isolated from Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR) and the relative age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats.

[New frontiers of therapy: bibliotherapy.].

Authors discuss therapeutic potential of reading activity, partially still unknown. Starting from Menninger's work in the early 30's until most recent studies from Frude, Berns, Comer who confirmed its efficacy in both the so-called non-organic diseases and chronic pathological conditions. Their studies strongly suggested psychobiological mechanisms through which reading activity exerts its therapeutic effects.

Role of plasma glucose level on myocardial perfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients.

Aims: Hyperglycemia is frequent in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and is associated with adverse outcome. Aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation between admission plasma glucose level (PGL) and coronary arteries flow velocity.

Methods: We enrolled 149 STEMI patients successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).

Primary polymorphous hemangioendothelioma of the maxillary soft tissue: clinical and immunopathological aspects of a rare vascular neoplasm.

Polymorphous hemangioendothelioma (PH) is an uncommon vascular neoplasm of borderline malignant potential characterized by a considerable variability in patterns of cellular growth. Morphologically, PH may be confused with other lesions, from benign vasoformative neoplasms and reactive inflammatory conditions to malignancies such as angiosarcoma or squamous cell carcinoma. Most occur in the lymph nodes, and to the best of our knowledge, lesions involving the maxillary soft tissue have not been described in the literature to date.

Administration of reconstituted polyphenol oil bodies efficiently suppresses dendritic cell inflammatory pathways and acute intestinal inflammation.

Polyphenols are natural compounds capable of interfering with the inflammatory pathways of several in vitro model systems. In this study, we developed a stable and effective strategy to administer polyphenols to treat in vivo models of acute intestinal inflammation. The in vitro suppressive properties of several polyphenols were first tested and compared for dendritic cells (DCs) production of inflammatory cytokines.

Intermittent losartan administration triggers cardiac post-conditioning in isolated rat hearts: role of BK2 receptors.

Introduction: The angiotensin (Ang) and bradykinin (BK) tissue-system plays a pivotal role in post-conditioning, but the efficacy of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers (ARBs) in post-ischemic strategies is still under investigation. We evaluated functional and morphological outcomes, together with activation of cytosolic RISK pathway kinases, in rat hearts subjected to losartan (LOS) or irbesartan (IRB) post-ischemic administration.

Methods: Isolated rat hearts underwent 30 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion.

Glutamine supplementation alleviates vasculopathy and corrects metabolic profile in an in vivo model of endothelial cell dysfunction.

Endothelial Cell Dysfunction (ECD) is a recognized harbinger of a host of chronic cardiovascular diseases. Using a mouse model of ECD triggered by treatment with L-Nω-methylarginine (L-NMMA), we previously demonstrated that renal microvasculature displays a perturbed protein profile, including diminished expression of two key enzymes of the Krebs cycle associated with a Warburg-type suppression of mitochondrial metabolism. We hypothesized that supplementation with L-glutamine (GLN), that can enter the Krebs cycle downstream this enzymatic bottleneck, would normalize vascular function and alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction.

Augmented corticotomy combined with accelerated orthodontic forces in class III orthognathic patients: morphologic aspects of the mandibular anterior ridge with cone-beam computed tomography.

Purpose: This study used cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate morphologic changes of the mandibular anterior ridge after using augmented corticotomy plus accelerated orthodontia to decompensate mandibular incisors in patients with surgical skeletal Class III.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients (8 men, 6 women; mean age, 26.14 yr) with skeletal Class III were treated before orthognathic surgery with a technique that combined corticotomy, bone grafting, and accelerated orthodontic forces to decompensate the lower incisors.

Piezoelectric device vs. conventional rotative instruments in impacted third molar surgery: relationships between surgical difficulty and postoperative pain with histological evaluations.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the influence of surgical difficulty on postoperative pain after treatment of impacted mandibular third molars by rotatory osteotomy or Piezoelectric surgery.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, randomized, split-mouth study was performed of 52 patients with bilateral and symmetrically oriented impacted mandibular third molars, who were surgically treated using a burr (Group A) on one random side of the lower jaw and a Piezoelectric device (Group B) on the contralateral side. Surgical difficulty was evaluated using a modified version of the Parant scale to categorize "simple extractions" and "complex extractions".

Use of intermaxillary forces in early treatment of maxillary deficient class III patients: results of a case series.

Introduction: The early treatment of Class III malocclusion with a protraction facemask can produce forward movement of the maxilla but is generally associated with posterior rotation of the mandible and dentoalveolar compensations. This article shows the dental and skeletal effects of intermaxillary elastics applied to temporary anchorage devices in the treatment of maxillary deficient Class III patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 6 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion were treated with intermaxillary elastics only.

Determinants of evolving metabolic and cardiovascular benefit/risk profiles of rosiglitazone therapy during the natural history of diabetes: molecular mechanisms in the context of integrated pathophysiology.

Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione, a synthetic PPARγ receptor agonist with insulin-sensitizing properties that is used as an antidiabetic drug. In addition to improving glycemic control through actions in metabolic target tissues, rosiglitazone has numerous biological actions that impact on cardiovascular homeostasis. Some of these actions are helpful (e.