Anxiety and depression symptoms in young people with perinatally acquired HIV and HIV affected young people in England.

Adolescents with perinatal HIV (PHIV) may be at higher risk of anxiety and depression than HIV negative young people. We investigated prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in 283 PHIV and 96 HIV-affected (HIV-negative) young people in England recruited into the Adolescents and Adults Living with Perinatal HIV (AALPHI) cohort. We used Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores and linear regression investigated predictors of higher (worse) scores.

Incidence and Outcomes for Patients With Cirrhosis Admitted to the United Kingdom Critical Care Units.

Objective: To assess the epidemiology and outcome of patients with cirrhosis following critical care unit admission.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Critical care units in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland participating in the U.

Growing up with perinatal HIV: changes in clinical outcomes before and after transfer to adult care in the UK.

Introduction: With improved survival, adolescents with perinatal HIV (PHIV) are transitioning from paediatric to adult care, but there are few published data on clinical outcomes post-transfer. Using linked data from patients in the national UK/Ireland paediatric cohort (CHIPS) and an adult UK cohort of outpatient clinics (UK CHIC), we describe mortality and changes in immunological status post-transfer.

Methods: Participants in CHIPS aged ≥13 years by the end of 2013 were linked to the UK CHIC database.

Cognitive Function in Young Persons With and Without Perinatal HIV in the AALPHI Cohort in England: Role of Non-HIV-Related Factors.

Background:  There is limited evidence about the cognitive performance of older adolescents with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compared with HIV-negative (HIV-) adolescents.

Methods:  A total of 296 perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) and 97 HIV- adolescents (aged 12-21 and 13-23 years, respectively) completed 12 tests covering 6 cognitive domains. The HIV- participants had PHIV+ siblings and/or an HIV-infected mother.

How to train plastic surgeons of the future.

Introduction: Plastic surgery is a competitive and over-subscribed career choice despite minimal medical school exposure. We quantify factors influencing career interest in plastic surgery, speciality appeal and workforce planning. These findings optimise and refine evidence-based plastic surgery training and postgraduate selection criteria.

A multicentre, randomised controlled trial comparing the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of early nutritional support via the parenteral versus the enteral route in critically ill patients (CALORIES).

Background: Malnutrition is a common problem in critically ill patients in UK NHS critical care units. Early nutritional support is therefore recommended to address deficiencies in nutritional state and related disorders in metabolism. However, evidence is conflicting regarding the optimum route (parenteral or enteral) of delivery.

The CALORIES trial: statistical analysis plan.

Background: The CALORIES trial is a pragmatic, open, multicentre, randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of early nutritional support via the parenteral route compared with early nutritional support via the enteral route in unplanned admissions to adult general critical care units (CCUs) in the United Kingdom. The trial derives from the need for a large, pragmatic RCT to determine the optimal route of delivery for early nutritional support in the critically ill.

Objective: To describe the proposed statistical analyses for the evaluation of the clinical effectiveness in the CALORIES trial.

Trial of the route of early nutritional support in critically ill adults.

Background: Uncertainty exists about the most effective route for delivery of early nutritional support in critically ill adults. We hypothesized that delivery through the parenteral route is superior to that through the enteral route.

Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, randomized trial involving adults with an unplanned admission to one of 33 English intensive care units.

Incidence and outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrest in the United Kingdom National Cardiac Arrest Audit.

Objective: To report the incidence, characteristics and outcome of adult in-hospital cardiac arrest in the United Kingdom (UK) National Cardiac Arrest Audit database.

Methods: A prospectively defined analysis of the UK National Cardiac Arrest Audit (NCAA) database. 144 acute hospitals contributed data relating to 22,628 patients aged 16 years or over receiving chest compressions and/or defibrillation and attended by a hospital-based resuscitation team in response to a 2222 call.