Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children: Delphi study and consensus document about definition and epidemiology, diagnostic work-up, treatment, and follow-up.

Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is common in children with asthma but can be present also in children without asthma, especially athletes. Differential diagnosis includes several conditions such as exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO), cardiac disease, or physical deconditioning. Detailed medical history, clinical examination and specific tests are mandatory to exclude alternative diagnoses.

Myelomeningocele Repair Combining a Double Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane Homograft and the Keystone Flap in a 3-Year-Old Child: A Case Report.

Introduction: Early repair in patients affected by myelomeningocele (MMC) is of paramount importance in order to prevent infection, minimize neural tissue damage, and reduce mortality. Treatment must include duraplasty and possibly an adequate soft tissue coverage. Delayed surgery in MMC patients can be more tedious due to the less clear borders between the placode and the skin.

Effects of nutritional intake on disease severity in children with sickle cell disease.

Background: Children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) may show growth failure in comparison to healthy peers. Many factors as hematological status, endocrine and/or metabolic dysfunction, and nutritional status, may play an important role in growth failure. The aim of this study was to assess whether impaired growth and nutritional intake can affect SCD severity during childhood.