Cervical Adenocarcinoma: A Still Under-investigated Malignancy.

Background/aim: The aim of the study was to correlate the expression of mismatch repairs proteins (MMR), programmed-death-ligand1 (PDL-1), and estro-progestinic receptors (ER/PgR) in tissue samples from a series of cervical adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients with their clinicopathological features.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-nine ADC specimens were retrospectively retrieved from the Division of Pathology of the University Hospital of Pisa from 2015 to 2021. Histological subtype, grade (G), Silva pattern, presence of lymph vascular space invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PNI) were annotated.

Primary cerebral myxofibrosarcoma: clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical, molecular, and ultrastructural study of an infrequent tumor in an extraordinary localization.

Herein, we describe an intracerebral primary low-grade myxofibrosarcoma occurring in a 9-year-old boy. The lesion measured 7 cm and occupied the left parieto-occipital region. A gross-total removal of the tumor was performed.

The many faces of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: from developmental biology to clinical practice.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic heart disease, characterized by complex pathophysiology, heterogeneous morphology, and variable clinical manifestations over time. Besides cardiac hypertrophy, the HCM phenotype is characterized by a host of manifestations, including mitral valve and subvalvar abnormalities, subaortic and mid-ventricular left ventricular (LV) obstruction, microvascular dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, disarray, atrial remodeling, myocardial bridging of epicardial coronary arteries, LV apical aneurysms, and autonomic nervous system abnormalities. Such heterogeneous phenotype still lacks a comprehensive explanation, which cannot be accounted solely by genetic heterogeneity, despite the large number of genes and mutations involved.

Prevalence and clinical significance of acquired left coronary artery fistulas after surgical myectomy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: The relevance of iatrogenic left coronary artery fistulas complicating surgical myectomy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is not known. We prospectively defined the echocardiographic features, prevalence, and clinical significance of left coronary artery fistulas in 40 consecutive patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy undergoing extended septal myectomy.

Methods: Echocardiographic analysis was performed preoperatively and 1 and 6 months after surgical intervention.

Lipoastrocytoma: Case report and review of the literature.

Lipoastrocytoma is an extremely rare tumor, with only six cases described. We report the case of an astrocytoma involving the upper part of the cerebellar-pontine angle and the right portion of the clivus starting from the brainstem with a diffuse lipomatous component in a 39 year-old man. The patient was admitted with headache of 1 year's duration and diplopia over the previous 3 months.

Expression of estrogen receptor beta in colon cancer progression.

Colon cancer is the most frequent neoplasia of the intestine. This pathology is the third highest cause of death from cancer with 430,000 deaths globally per year. Estrogen has also been implicated in the development and progression of colon cancer.

NF2 expression levels of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a quantitative real-time PCR study.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Until today, there have been few markers specific for the tumor. This has complicated the differential diagnosis of the neoplasm from tumors of smooth muscle origin.

TNM staging and T-cell receptor gamma expression in colon adenocarcinoma. Correlation with disease progression?

Aims And Background: Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in Europe and the United States. Several studies have evaluated the immune response to colorectal cancer, with contradictory results. Some studies showed that lymphocyte infiltration in colorectal cancer seemed to be an important prognostic parameter, a finding not confirmed by other studies.

Surveillance for endometrial cancer in women on tamoxifen: the role of liquid-based endometrial cytology - cytohistological correlation in a population of 168 women.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of liquid-based cytology for endometrial surveillance in patients receiving tamoxifen.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-eight women scheduled for hysteroscopy were enrolled in the study. The women sequentially underwent hysteroscopy, endometrial cytology and biopsy.

Merlin expression in secretory meningiomas: evidence of an NF2-independent pathogenesis? Immunohistochemical study.

One of the most common chromosomal regions implicated in the meningiomas tumorigenesis is 22q12 where the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) gene resides. The NF2 tumor-suppressor gene encodes for the merlin/schwannomin protein, which is responsible for the inherited disease neurofibromatosis 2. NF2 gene mutations predominantly occur in transitional and fibroblastic meningiomas, whereas the meningothelial variant is less affected.

Real-time PCR analysis of RNA extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embeded tissues: effects of the fixation on outcome reliability.

In many pathologic circumstances, quantitative mRNA expression levels are important for evaluation of possible genome mutations. The development of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology has facilitated the realization of nucleic acid quantification. Potentially, quantitative PCR offers a number of advantages over traditional methods because it permits the use of small amounts of genetic material.

Liquid-based endometrial cytology in the management of sonographically thickened endometrium.

Liquid-based cytology represents an opportunity to re-evaluate endometrial cytology. We evaluated the accuracy of liquid-based endometrial cytology as compared to biopsy in 670 women scheduled for histeroscopy because of thickened endometrium (>4 mm), as evaluated by transvaginal sonography. Endometrial biopsy detected pathology in 41 (6%) of cases (21 of which were adenocarcinomas).

NF2 gene expression in sporadic meningiomas: relation to grades or histotypes real time-pCR study.

One of the most common regions involved in the meningiomas tumorigenesis is chromosome 22q where the NF2 gene resides. The deficiency or loss of the NF2 gene product, merlin/schwannomin, plays a role in tumor development and metastatization. Conflicting results have been reported on the prognostic value of merlin in meningiomas.

Difference in expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with persistent ovarian cysts.

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were analyzed in endometriotic and nonendometriotic ovarian cysts. Although MMP-1 was not detected, MMP-9 and MMP-2 were expressed in all of the cysts. In particular, in five of six nonendometriotic cysts (83.

Correlation of epidermal growth factor receptor expression with tumor microdensity vessels and with vascular endothelial growth factor expression in ovarian carcinoma.

We analyzed in advanced ovarian serous G3 carcinoma the correlation between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression and tumor angiogenesis and their relation with clinical outcome. Microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were statistically correlated with disease-free interval and death from disease both in univariate and multivariate analyses while EGFR expression was not correlated with clinical outcome. MVD was significantly associated with progression of disease during chemotherapy while VEGF and EGFR expression were not correlated with responsiveness to chemotherapy (Fisher's exact test).