Characterization of Mesenchymal and Neural Stem Cells Response to Bipolar Microsecond Electric Pulses Stimulation.

In the tissue regeneration field, stem cell transplantation represents a promising therapeutic strategy. To favor their implantation, proliferation and differentiation need to be controlled. Several studies have demonstrated that stem cell fate can be controlled by applying continuous electric field stimulation.

Dosimetry for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a translational study from Alzheimer's disease patients to controlledinvestigations.

Recent studies have indicated that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could enhance cognition in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients, but to now the molecular-level interaction mechanisms driving this effect remain poorly understood. While cognitive scores have been the primary measure of rTMS effectiveness, employing molecular-based approaches could offer more precise treatment predictions and prognoses. To reach this goal, it is fundamental to assess the electric field (E-field) and the induced current densities () within the stimulated brain areas and to translate these values tosystems specifically devoted in investigating molecular-based interactions of this stimulation.

Comparison of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Dosimetry between Structured and Unstructured Grids Using Different Solvers.

In recent years, the interest in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has surged, necessitating deeper understanding, development, and use of low-frequency (LF) numerical dosimetry for TMS studies. While various ad hoc dosimetric models exist, commercial software tools like SimNIBS v4.0 and Sim4Life v7.

In Vitro Imaging and Molecular Characterization of Ca Flux Modulation by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields.

In recent years, the application of pulsed electric fields with very short durations (nanoseconds) and extremely high amplitudes (MV/m) has been investigated for novel medical purposes. Various electric protocols have been explored for different objectives, including the utilization of fractionated pulse doses to enhance cell electrosensitization to the uptake of different markers or an increase in apoptosis. This study focused on the use of fluorescence imaging to examine molecular calcium fluxes induced by different fractionated protocols of short electric pulses in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and mesenchymal stem cells (HaMSCs) that were electroporated using nanosecond pulsed electric fields.

Experimental Assessment of Wireless Monitoring of Axilla Temperature by Means of Epidermal Battery-Less RFID Sensors.

Wireless epidermal devices (WEDs), based on UHF radio frequency identification (RFID), enable a contactless and noninvasive human body monitoring through sampling of health parameters directly on the skin. With reference to body temperature, this letter reports an experimental campaign aimed at assessing the degree of agreement of a battery-less plaster-like WED, placed in the armpit region, with a standard axilla thermocouple thermometer. A measurement campaign over 10 volunteers, for overall 120 temperature outcomes, revealed a good correlation among the instruments (Person's coefficient = 0.

Patient Semi-specific Computational Modeling of Electromagnetic Stimulation Applied to Neuroprotective Treatments in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Neuroprotective effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, preliminary clinical studies have been conducted and suggested PEMFs as a possible alternative therapy to treat acute ischemic stroke. In this work, we show that it's possible to build-up a patient semi-specific head model, where the 3D reconstruction of the ischemic lesion of the patient under treatment is inserted in the head of the human body model "Duke" (v.

Stimulation Strategies for Tinnitus Suppression in a Neuron Model.

Tinnitus is a debilitating perception of sound in the absence of external auditory stimuli. It may have either a central or a peripheral origin in the cochlea. Experimental studies evidenced that an electrical stimulation of peripheral auditory fibers may alleviate symptoms but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown.

Decreased spontaneous electrical activity in neuronal networks exposed to radiofrequency 1,800 MHz signals.

The rapid development of wireless communications has raised questions about their potential health risks. So far, the only identified biological effects of radiofrequency fields (RF) are known to be caused by heating, but the issue of potential nonthermal biological effects, especially on the central nervous system (CNS), remains open. We previously reported a decrease in the firing and bursting rates of neuronal cultures exposed to a Global System for Mobile (GSM) RF field at 1,800 MHz for 3 min (Moretti D, Garenne A, Haro E, Poulleier de Gannes F, Lagroye I, Lévêque P, Veyret B, Lewis N.

An open-label, one-arm, dose-escalation study to evaluate safety and tolerability of extremely low frequency magnetic fields in acute ischemic stroke.

Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) could be an alternative neuroprotective approach for ischemic stroke because preclinical studies have demonstrated their effects on the mechanisms underlying ischemic damage. The purpose of this open-label, one arm, dose-escalation, exploratory study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of ELF-MF in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Within 48 hours from the stroke onset, patients started ELF-MF treatment, daily for 5 consecutive days.

A Microdosimetric Study of Electropulsation on Multiple Realistically Shaped Cells: Effect of Neighbours.

Over the past decades, the effects of ultrashort-pulsed electric fields have been used to investigate their action in many medical applications (e.g. cancer, gene electrotransfer, drug delivery, electrofusion).

Time resolved dosimetry of human brain exposed to low frequency pulsed magnetic fields.

An accurate dosimetry is a key issue to understanding brain stimulation and related interaction mechanisms with neuronal tissues at the basis of the increasing amount of literature revealing the effects on human brain induced by low-level, low frequency pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs). Most literature on brain dosimetry estimates the maximum E field value reached inside the tissue without considering its time pattern or tissue dispersivity. Nevertheless a time-resolved dosimetry, accounting for dispersive tissues behavior, becomes necessary considering that the threshold for an effect onset may vary depending on the pulse waveform and that tissues may filter the applied stimulatory fields altering the predicted stimulatory waveform's size and shape.

Restoring the encoding properties of a stochastic neuron model by an exogenous noise.

Here we evaluate the possibility of improving the encoding properties of an impaired neuronal system by superimposing an exogenous noise to an external electric stimulation signal. The approach is based on the use of mathematical neuron models consisting of stochastic HH-like circuit, where the impairment of the endogenous presynaptic inputs is described as a subthreshold injected current and the exogenous stimulation signal is a sinusoidal voltage perturbation across the membrane. Our results indicate that a correlated Gaussian noise, added to the sinusoidal signal can significantly increase the encoding properties of the impaired system, through the Stochastic Resonance (SR) phenomenon.

The CNP signal is able to silence a supra threshold neuronal model.

Several experimental results published in the literature showed that weak pulsed magnetic fields affected the response of the central nervous system. However, the specific biological mechanisms that regulate the observed behaviors are still unclear and further scientific investigation is required. In this work we performed simulations on a neuronal network model exposed to a specific pulsed magnetic field signal that seems to be very effective in modulating the brain activity: the Complex Neuroelectromagnetic Pulse (CNP).

Numerical characterization of intraoperative and chronic electrodes in deep brain stimulation.

An intraoperative electrode (microelectrode) is used in the deep brain stimulation (DBS) technique to pinpoint the brain target and to choose the best parameters for the electrical stimulus. However, when the intraoperative electrode is replaced with the chronic one (macroelectrode), the observed effects do not always coincide with predictions. To investigate the causes of such discrepancies, a 3D model of the basal ganglia has been considered and realistic models of both intraoperative and chronic electrodes have been developed and numerically solved.