Advances in Gastric Carcinogenesis Related to Helicobacter Pylori.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a Gram-negative bacterium, has been classified as a Group I carcinogen by the World Health Organization. It represents the most significant modifiable risk factor for gastric cancer (GC), particularly the intestinal subtype.

Uterine Artery Embolization as an Alternative Therapeutic Option in Adenomyosis: An Observational Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Adenomyosis is a benign gynecologic disease that mainly affects women aged 30-50 years old. : This pathology is characterized by glands and stroma of the endometrium that enter the myometrium and is confirmed through histopathological examination after hysterectomy. Transvaginal ultrasound is the most accepted imaging approach for the diagnosis and classification of adenomyosis.

COPA Syndrome-From Pathogenesis to Treatment.

Coatomer subunit α (COPA) syndrome is a mendelian autosomal dominant immune dysregulation disease characterized by early onset lung disease in the form of diffuse alveolar hemorrhaging or interstitial lung disease, frequently associated with arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and high titer autoantibodies usually mimicking other autoimmune diseases. While immunosuppressive medication has been effective in controlling arthritis, data on long-term lung disease control remains scarce, which poses a real challenge as the progression of lung disease is the main cause of poor life expectancy in COPA patients. Nevertheless, JAK inhibitor therapy seems to be the most promising therapeutic choice now.

Lumbar Melanoma with Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Multiple Basins - Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Intreduction: Melanoma is an extremely aggressive form of skin neoplasia, an important stage in the diagnostic and treatment is identifying the dissemination at the lymphatic level. For a more accurate staging, the sentinel lymph node biopsy technique is performed, which in most of the time addresses one, respectively 2 locations, but cases with sentinel nodes in 3 lymphatic basins have rarely been described. Case report: We present a case of melanoma located in the right lumbar region, which from the point of view of histopathological features has a Breslow index of 4.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - A Systematic Review.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a modern concept that aims to improve the perioperative patient care by implementing an evidence-based, patient-centered team approach. This paper aims to analyze the outcome, variations and limits of the ERAS-protocols used for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We performed a systematic review on PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science to document the outcomes of applying various ERAS protocols in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

The Vascularized Omentum Lymph Node Transfer - A Key Point in the Lymphedema Management.

As an increased number of women beat breast cancer worldwide, the breast cancer related lymphedema has gained more attention recently. The vascularized omentum lymph node transfer has been approached as an useful tool for advanced and recurrent cases. The purpose of the paper is to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of this method.

The Role of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in the Development of Gastric Cancer - Review of the Literature.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), is linked to gastric cancer. The progression from atrophy to metaplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma constitutes the pathway for intestinal-type gastric carcinoma development.

Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Near-Infrared Indocyanine Green (NIR/ICG) in Lymphatic Mapping for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.

As laparoscopy gained global popularity in oncologic surgery, the challenge of detecting lymph nodes spurred researchers to explore innovative techniques and approach the situation from a fresh perspective. While many proposed methods have faded into obscurity, the utilization of indocyanine green (ICG) in the surgical treatment of oncologic patients has continued to advance. The immense potential of this dye is widely acknowledged, yet its full extent and limitations in lymphatic mapping for colorectal cancer remain to be precisely determined.

Helicobacter pylori Infection at Crossroads between Specialties.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the major current public health problems, its incidence being high worldwide. This condition is associated with other pathologies such as peptic ulcer or gastric cancer, causing a real challenge for specialists in the medical field.

Clinical Manifestations in Vacuoles, E1 Enzyme, X-Linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic (VEXAS) Syndrome: A Narrative Review.

The newly identified refractory adult-onset autoinflammatory syndrome known as VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is brought on by somatic mutations in the ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) gene in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that change the expression of the UBA1 isoform. As a result, patients have a variety of hematologic and systemic inflammatory symptoms. All types of medical professionals should treat VEXAS syndrome seriously due to the high fatality rate.

Polymyalgia rheumatica: An update (Review).

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects the connective vascular tissue, characterized by pain accompanied by morning stiffness, predominantly of the neck muscles, hip and shoulder girdle. Usually, patients with this disease are >50 years of age and biological inflammatory syndrome is present with an increase in both the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels, aspects similar to giant cell arteritis. The aim of the present review was to depict the current pathogenic hypothesis, diagnostic and treatment approach for patients with PMR, and novelties since the development of the currently used 2012 European League Against Rheumatism and American College of Rheumatology provisional classification criteria.

Recent Advances and Adaptive Strategies in Image Guidance for Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy.

The standard of care for locally advanced cervical cancer is external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with simultaneous chemotherapy followed by an internal radiation boost. New imaging methods such as positron-emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have been implemented into daily practice for better tumor delineation in radiotherapy planning. The method of delivering radiation has changed with technical advances in qualitative imaging and treatment delivery.

Variability of Sentinel Lymph Node Location in Patients with Trunk Melanoma.

(1) Background: Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of neoplasia, and the management of this pathology requires a correct staging, as well as a personalized modern oncological treatment. The main objective of the study is to determine the variability of the lymphatic drainage for patients with melanomas located on the trunk and, secondarily, to determine the features of individuals who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) depending on the exact location on the trunk. (2) Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center study included 62 cases of trunk melanoma operated between July 2019 and March 2023, in which SLNB was performed and a total of 84 lymph nodes were excised.

Transabdominal Preperitoneal Versus Lichtenstein Procedure for Inguinal Hernia Repair in Adults: A Comparative Evaluation of the Early Postoperative Pain and Outcomes.

Inguinal hernia repairs are one of the most common procedures in general surgery. In addition to classical open surgery, laparoscopic techniques, such as transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and total extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair, have gained acceptance and are increasingly used for inguinal hernia repairs, and these three techniques are the only standards for inguinal hernia repairs. This study aimed to compare the results of inguinal hernia repairs in adult patients using the TAPP patch technique and Lichtenstein techniques regarding the level of pain perceived one day after surgery and the number of days of hospitalization.

The Evolving Landscape of Immunotherapy in Uterine Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

Endometrial cancer affects the uterus and is becoming increasingly common and deadly. Although surgery and adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy can often cure the disease when it is contained in the uterus, patients with metastatic or recurrent disease have limited response rates to chemotherapy, targeted agents, and hormonal therapy. To address this unmet clinical need, innovative treatment strategies are needed, and a growing focus on the immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment has arisen.

Diagnostic Criteria and Prognostic Relevance of Sarcopenia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease-A Systematic Review.

Background: Sarcopenia is a syndrome characteristic in elderly patients and is also associated with a significant proportion of chronic disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this case, it can lead to a worse prognosis of the disease and a decreased quality of life.

Study Aim: This study aims to identify the best ways to diagnose sarcopenia in patients with IBD, establish its impact on the course of the disease, and find preventive methods to counteract the effects of sarcopenia in the outcome of patients with IBD and, therefore, minimize disabilities and increase the health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Identification of Predictive Factors for Pathologic Complete Response in Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Treatment: A Retrospective Study.

Colorectal cancer is a serious illness, with rectal cancer accounting for thirty percent of all cases. For patients diagnosed with rectal cancer, neoadjuvant downstaging chemoradiotherapy is often necessary due to advanced disease at presentation. However, for certain patients, neoadjuvant chemotherapy can result in a complete response, leading to the possibility of overtreatment during subsequent definitive surgery.

Extracranial Facial Nerve Schwannoma-Histological Surprise or Therapeutic Planning?

Schwannomas (neurilemomas) are benign, slow-growing, encapsulated, white, yellow, or pink tumors originating in Schwann cells in the sheaths of cranial nerves or myelinated peripheral nerves. Facial nerve schwannomas (FNS) can form anywhere along the course of the nerve, from the pontocerebellar angle to the terminal branches of the facial nerve. In this article, we propose a review of the specialized literature regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic management of schwannomas of the extracranial segment of the facial nerve, also presenting our experience in this type of rare neurogenic tumor.

The Beginner Laparoscopists Trends in the Learning Process of Laparoscopy for Adnexal Gynecological Pathologies-The Experience of Our Center.

Background: Laparoscopy for benign ovarian pathology is the appropriate surgical approach and it has many well-known advantages. Minimal invasive gynecological surgery increases the quality of life of the patient. The learning process of laparoscopy is difficult and requires many interventions to acquire manual skills.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and neuroimaging syndrome that can affect both children and adults and has variable etiology. It is clinically defined by headaches, consciousness disorders, seizures and visual disturbances. Early recognition (clinical and imaging) can lead to appropriate general measures to correct the underlying cause of PRES.

The Characteristics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Cutaneous Melanoma and the Particularities for Elderly Patients-Experience of a Single Clinic.

Background: Melanoma is a malignant tumor that determines approximately 80% of deaths as skin cancer-related. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) represents the first filter of tumor cells toward systemic dissemination. The primary objective was to outline the surgical specifics of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) technique, correlate the location of the lymph node with the radiotracer load, and identify the characteristics of older patients.

Pregnancy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases-A Literature Review.

In recent years, we have faced an increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially among young people, affecting them during their reproductive years. The paucity of data and reduced knowledge regarding the evolution of the disease during pregnancy and the adverse effects of the therapy on the mother and infant increase voluntary childlessness in this group of patients. Depending on the type of IBD, severity and surgical or medical management, this can negatively affect the pregnancy.

Outcomes of Prospectively Followed Pregnancies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Multicenter Study from Romania.

Women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may carry an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). The aims of this study were to compare pregnancy outcomes in RA patients as compared to the general obstetric population (GOP) and to identify a risk profile in RA. A case-control study was conducted on 82 prospectively followed pregnancies in RA and 299 pregnancies from the GOP.

Novel Biomarkers Predictive of Diabetic Charcot Foot-An Overview of the Literature.

: Although Charcot diabetic foot (CDF) is a frequent complication of diabetic neuropathy, less is known about the possibility of its early prevention. : A review of the original articles published in English, using the "biomarkers AND Charcot's foot" criterion, resulted in 33 articles from the PubMed database and seven articles from the Web of Science database. The five duplicates were eliminated, and two independent reviewers selected the most relevant articles, leaving a total of 21 articles.