Assessment of nutritional status and eating behaviours in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study.

Background And Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with varying clinical presentations. Current literature lacks specific dietary recommendations, though diets may serve as potential tools.

Methods: This study, conducted at IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico of Milan from April 2020 to July 2022, aimed to evaluate the diets of UC and CD patients, focusing on preferred and avoided foods.

Liver Involvement in Celiac Disease and Immune-Mediated Diseases of the Small Bowel.

Disorders of the hepatobiliary system are commonly associated with gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. The GI and hepatobiliary systems interact through the portal vein system and enterohepatic circulation, creating a gut-liver axis that allows for a complex multidirectional interplay between immune, hormonal, dietary and environmental luminal factors that include the gut microbiota. This interaction may underlie the liver affection in autoimmune and immune-mediated small bowel diseases through a variety of pathways that include autoimmune, metabolic, immune-mediated, and/or iatrogenic mechanisms.

Curing inflammatory bowel diseases: breaking the barriers of current therapies- emerging strategies for a definitive treatment.

Chronic intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) reflects the interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, microbial imbalance, and epithelial barrier defects. Current therapies for IBD primarily focus on controlling inflammation necessitating lifelong treatment and face a 'therapeutic ceiling' due to primary and secondary loss of efficacy over time. Immune-mediated approaches do not address additional pathogenic mechanisms, such as impairment of epithelial barrier and gut microbial ecology.

Attitudes of physicians managing inflammatory bowel disease toward alterations of liver function tests: an Italian Group for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IG-IBD) survey.

Background: Liver diseases are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Little is known about how specialists perceive and manage liver enzyme abnormalities. This study investigates the current practice and educational needs of IBD specialists in the management of liver enzyme abnormalities.

IBD impact on quality of life and perception of disease activity in Italian patients and physicians: An IBD-PODCAST study sub analysis.

Background: IBD-PODCAST was a global real-world study to assess suboptimal disease control (SDC) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) using STRIDE-II criteria.

Aim: To evaluate quality of life (QoL), disease characteristics and control in patients with SDC, comparing perspectives of patients and healthcare providers (HCPs) in the Italian subpopulation.

Methods: IBD-PODCAST-Italy enrolled adult outpatients from 17 centers.

Therapeutic adherence in inflammatory bowel disease: User guide from a multidisciplinary modified Delphi consensus.

Background: Therapeutic non-adherence can significantly impair the quality of life of patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leading to worse treatment outcomes, more frequent hospitalizations, and increased healthcare expenses. Identifying and enhancing treatment adherence is a key goal in managing IBD.

Aim: To establish a consensus on the definition of therapeutic adherence, determination of risk factors, and identify patients with IBD at higher risk of non-adherence.

Vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease: Real-world outcomes and their prediction with machine learning-the IG-IBD LIVE study.

Background And Aims: Real-world studies on vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are often limited by small sample size and short follow-up. In this study, we investigated the 2-year effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab in patients with IBD, and applied eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to identify predictors of both.

Methods: The Long-term Italian Vedolizumab Effectiveness (LIVE) study is multicentric, ambispective, observational study enrolling 1111 IBD patients (563 Crohn's disease, CD, 542 ulcerative colitis, UC).

Lower Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Host Cell Entry Genes in the Intestinal Mucosa of IBD Patients With Quiescent or Mildly Active Disease.

Background: Long-term immunosuppressive therapy typically increases the risk of viral infection, yet during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients showed reduced severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility. This suggests potential overlapping molecular mechanisms between IBD and COVID-19 that warrant investigation.

Methods: From April 2020 to April 2022, we enrolled 363 IBD patients and 146 healthy donors.

Recent developments in managing luminal microbial ecology in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: from evidence to microbiome-based diagnostic and personalized therapy.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic condition characterized by abnormal immune responses and intestinal inflammation. Emerging evidence highlights the vital role of gut microbiota in IBD's onset and progression. Recent advances have shaped diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, increasingly focusing on microbiome-based personalized care.

Adaptation of the European Crohn's Colitis Organisation quality of care standards to Italy: The Italian Group for the study of inflammatory bowel disease consensus.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses significant clinical challenges due to its chronic, disabling nature. Despite established guidelines, care standards remain inconsistent globally. In 2020, the European Crohn's Colitis Organisation (ECCO) developed quality-of-care standards.

Fidaxomicin for Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) are at increased risk of adverse outcomes. Data on fidaxomicin use in IBD remain scarce. We assessed the effectiveness and safety of fidaxomicin for CDI and its impact on IBD outcomes in a large international cohort.

A "movement" worth making: why and how Transfusion Services can play a role in Fecal Microbiota Transplant programs.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) is an innovative therapy with growing applications, particularly for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI). However, the broader use of FMT is challenged by the complexities of donor recruitment, the necessity of stringent screening protocols, and the need for maintaining high-quality stool biobanks. This paper explores the integration of FMT programs within transfusion medicine departments, taking advantage of their expertise in donor management and biological material processing.

Guidance for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Trials in Ulcerative Colitis: The Second ROME Consensus Conference.

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is emerging as a potential treatment modality for individuals living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite its promise, the effectiveness of FMT for treating IBD, particularly for ulcerative colitis (UC), still requires thorough clinical investigation. Notwithstanding differences in methodologies, current studies demonstrate its potential for inducing remission in UC patients.

Italian validation of the IBD-disk tool for the assessment of disability in inflammatory bowel diseases: A cross-sectional multicenter study.

Introduction: IBD-Disk is a simple, easy-to-use, and self-administered analogue visual tool for assessing disability in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). However, it has not yet been validated in Italian. This study aims to validate IBD-Disk in an Italian cross-sectional multicentre study.

Estrogen-related differences in antitumor immunity and gut microbiome contribute to sexual dimorphism of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifaceted disease whose development and progression varies depending on tumor location, age of patients, infiltration of immune cells within cancer lesions, and the tumor microenvironment. These pathophysiological characteristics are additionally influenced by sex-related differences. The gut microbiome plays a role in initiation and progression of CRC, and shapes anti-tumor immune responses but how responsiveness of the immune system to the intestinal microbiota may contribute to sexual dimorphism of CRC is largely unknown.

fuels colorectal cancer through CHI3L1-mediated iNKT cell-driven immune evasion.

The interaction between the gut microbiota and invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells plays a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC). The pathobiont influences the anti-tumor functions of CRC-infiltrating iNKT cells. However, the impact of other bacteria associated with CRC, like , on their activation status remains unexplored.

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Awareness and Management among Physicians Treating Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An IG-IBD Survey.

(1) : Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is frequently associated to other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). This study aims at assessing physicians' awareness of the issue and the current status of IMID management. (2) : A web-based survey was distributed to all 567 physicians affiliated to IG-IBD.

Effect of Tofacitinib on One-Year Colectomy Risk in Anti-TNF Refractory Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Multicenter Italian Study.

Background: Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor recently approved to induce and maintain remission in ulcerative colitis (UC).

Aims: Considering the number of anti-TNF non-responders, this study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib in a cohort of multi-failure patients with moderate-to-severe UC at 52 weeks.

Methods: From January 2021 to March 2023, we performed a prospective multicenter study observing adult patients with moderate-to-severe UC starting tofacitinib after an anti-TNF failure for a 52-week-long period.

The management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthritis: Italian Group for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IG-IBD) and Italian Society of Rheumatology (SIR) recommendations based on a pseudo-Delphi consensus.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is the most frequent extraintestinal manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). When IBD and spondyloarthritis coexist, musculoskeletal and intestinal disease features should be considered when planning a therapeutic strategy. Treatment options for IBD and SpA have expanded enormously over the last few years, but randomized controlled trials with specific endpoints focused on SpA are not available in the IBD setting.