Association between inflammatory bowel disease, current therapies, and cardiovascular events: a review and meta-analysis of data from 2.2 million individuals.

Background/aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Advanced therapies that treat IBD may modify this risk. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the association between IBD, its subtypes (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), and its therapies, with CV disease.

Thiopurine Exposure During Pregnancy is Not Associated With Anemia in Infants Born to Mothers With IBD.

Background: Thiopurines are commonly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Thiopurines are considered safe throughout pregnancy. However, a published study suggested the risk of neonatal anemia was increased if exposed to thiopurines in utero.

The yield of dysplasia and serrated lesions in a single-centre tertiary inflammatory bowel disease cohort.

Background: Chromoendoscopy is preferred over high-definition white light endoscopy (HDWLE) for dysplasia surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, but is more time-consuming to perform and real-world evidence is limited. The prevalence of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in IBD patients is also unknown.

Objective: To determine the yield of polypoid and non-polypoid dysplasia and SSLs in IBD patients undergoing dysplasia surveillance and the associations for these lesions.

Ultrarapid Iron Polymaltose Infusions Are Safe for Management of Iron Deficiency.

Introduction: Iron deficiency is a common condition, especially among patients with kidney and heart failure and inflammatory bowel disease. Intravenous iron is the preferred method of treatment in these patients, but it usually requires prolonged iron polymaltose infusions or multiple administrations of alternative preparations. The aim of the study was to confirm the safety and patient acceptance of ultrarapid iron polymaltose infusions as an alternative to slower treatments and ferric carboxymaltose.

Endoscopy training in Australia during COVID-19: Efficacy and knowledge assessment of gastroenterology and general surgery trainees.

Background And Aim: During COVID-19, restrictions to elective endoscopy were introduced worldwide. A reduction in procedures may impact trainees' endoscopy learning. This study aims to assess Australian advanced gastroenterology and general surgery trainees' self-perceived efficacy and knowledge in endoscopy during the pandemic.

An unusual case of multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the small bowel presenting as occult and overt gastrointestinal bleeding.

We present a case report of a 59-year-old woman with multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. She initially presented with recurrent iron deficiency anemia and subsequent gastrointestinal bleeding over 10 years. An initial angiodysplastic lesion was identified, treated, and spot tattooed.

Amoebic colitis: A case series of a recurring missed diagnosis.

, a pathogenic protozoan that causes amoebiasis, remains the second leading cause of death from parasitic infections worldwide. We present a case series of patients presenting to metropolitan tertiary gastroenterology units in Melbourne, Australia, highlighting the complexities of diagnosing amoebic colitis and the potential for misdiagnosis. These cases illustrate four key lessons in the identification of amoebic colitis: (i) obtaining a thorough travel and exposure history, (ii) having a high index of suspicion, (iii) understanding the limitations of available investigations, and (iv) being aware that amoebic colitis may masquerade as other common conditions.

Whole genome sequencing to investigate a putative outbreak of the virulent community-associated methicillin-resistant ST93 clone in a remote Indigenous community.

We report two cases of severe pneumonia due to clone ST93 methicillin-resistant (MRSA) presenting from a remote Australian Indigenous community within a 2-week period, and the utilization of whole genome sequences to determine whether these were part of an outbreak. was isolated from 12 of 92 nasal swabs collected from 25 community households (including the two index households); one isolate was ST93. Three of five skin lesion isolates obtained at the community were ST93.

Sub-dissociative-dose intranasal ketamine for moderate to severe pain in adult emergency department patients.

Background: There are currently no studies assessing effectiveness of sub-dissociative intranasal (IN) ketamine as the initial analgesic for adult patients in the ED.

Objective: The study aims to examine the effectiveness of sub-dissociative IN ketamine as a primary analgesic agent for adult patients in the ED.

Method: This is a prospective, observational study of adult ED patients presenting with severe pain (≥6 on 11-point scale at triage).

Sub-dissociative dose intranasal ketamine for limb injury pain in children in the emergency department: a pilot study.

Objective: The present study aims to conduct a pilot study examining the effectiveness of intranasal (IN) ketamine as an analgesic for children in the ED.

Methods: The present study used an observational study on a convenience sample of paediatric ED patients aged 3-13 years, with moderate to severe (≥6/10) pain from isolated limb injury. IN ketamine was administered at enrolment, with a supplementary dose after 15 min, if required.