Physical activity and functional preservation in older adults with hip osteoarthritis: A comparative analysis of age cohorts in the SHARE study.

Background: Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a major contributor to functional impairment in older adults. Physical inactivity and comorbidities are commonly associated with declines in functional ability. However, the relationship between physical inactivity and functional outcomes in individuals with HOA, particularly those aged 80 years and older, remains underexplored.

Vitamin C and D do not increase the chemopreventive effect of aspirin on colon carcinogenesis in a mouse model.

Aspirin has significant antineoplastic effects on the colon, whereas the outcomes of Vitamin C and D supplementation have been inconsistent. This study addressed the isolated and combined effects of vitamins C and D with aspirin on chemically induced colon carcinogenesis in mice, focusing on redox balance and DNA damage. Adult male and female mice were divided into seven groups: a control group; a group treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 40 mg/kg twice per week during weeks 4 and 5); and groups treated with DMH plus the following: aspirin (6 mg/kg in water); Vitamin C (500 mg/L in water); Vitamin D (1500 IU by oral gavage); a combination of Vitamin C and aspirin; and a combination of Vitamin D and aspirin.

Assessment of myosteatosis and functionality in pretreatment gynecological cancer patients.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the relationship between pretreatment gynecologic cancer survival and the physical function of patients with myosteatosis. Understanding this relationship prior to treatment would help healthcare providers identify and refer patients with poor muscle quality to an exercise program prior to treatment.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 73 GC patients.

Pre and Post-high-intensity Interval Training Delays Colon Tumor Onset in a Syngeneic Mouse Model.

Background/aim: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can trigger transient anti-tumor cytotoxicity through the mobilization of natural killer cells (NK cells) and myokines. Yet, the effects of HIIT on tumor development and microenvironment are unclear.

Materials And Methods: Male C57/BL6 mice were administered either MC38 of syngeneic colon cancer cells or vehicle in a single subcutaneous injection.

Resistance Training Attenuates Activation of STAT3 and Muscle Atrophy in Tumor-Bearing Mice.

Purpose: Although the role of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT3) in cachexia due to the association of circulating IL-6 and muscle wasting has been extensively demonstrated, the effect of resistance training on STAT3 in mediating muscle atrophy in tumor-bearing mice is unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of resistance exercise training on inflammatory cytokines and oxidative-mediated STAT3 activation and muscle loss prevention in tumor-bearing mice.

Methods: Male Swiss mice were inoculated with Ehrlich tumor cells and exposed or not exposed to resistance exercise protocol of ladder climbing.

Resistance exercise attenuates skeletal muscle oxidative stress, systemic pro-inflammatory state, and cachexia in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance exercise training (RET) on oxidative stress, systemic inflammatory markers, and muscle wasting in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats. Male (Wistar) rats were divided into 4 groups: sedentary controls (n = 9), tumor-bearing (n = 9), exercised (n = 9), and tumor-bearing exercised (n = 10). Exercised and tumor-bearing exercised rats were exposed to resistance exercise of climbing a ladder apparatus with weights tied to their tails for 6 weeks.

Solid Ehrlich carcinoma reproduces functional and biological characteristics of cancer cachexia.

Aims: Well-characterized animal tumor models of cancer cachexia are warranted to elucidate underlying mechanisms and provide a better approach to the human scenario. We aimed to investigate whether solid Ehrlich carcinoma reproduces clinical, functional and biological conditions of tumor-induced cachexia in mice.

Methods: Eight-week old female Swiss mice were subcutaneously inoculated with Ehrlich tumor cells (tumor-bearing, TB group) or vehicle (sham) into the right flank and monitored for 28days.

The Effects of Acute Exercise and Exercise Training on Plasma Homocysteine: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although studies have demonstrated that physical exercise alters homocysteine levels in the blood, meta-analyses of the effects of acute exercise and exercise training on homocysteine blood concentration have not been performed, especially regarding the duration and intensity of exercise, which could affect homocysteine levels differently.

Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to ascertain the effects of acute exercise and exercise training on homocysteine levels in the blood.

Method: A review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses using the online databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and SciELO to identify relevant studies published through June 2015.

Creatine supplementation prevents fatty liver in rats fed choline-deficient diet: a burden of one-carbon and fatty acid metabolism.

Aim: To examine the effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation on liver fat accumulation in rats fed a choline-deficient diet.

Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups of 8 based on 4 weeks of feeding an AIN-93 control diet (C), a choline-deficient diet (CDD) or a CDD supplemented with 2% Cr. The CDD diet was AIN-93 without choline.

Biomechanical adaptations of mice cortical bone submitted to three different exercise modalities.

Objective: To compare the adaptive effects of three non-weight bearing exercise on bone mechanical properties.

Methods: 24 male Balb/c mice (22-25g), were randomly divided into four groups (n=6): sedentary group (S); swimming group (N) which performed sessions five times per week for 60 min progressively; resistance group (R), which performed climbing exercise with progressive load, three times per week; and combined group (C), which performed the same protocols aforementioned being three times a week according to N protocol and two times a week the R protocol during eight weeks. Biomechanical tests, load until failure and stiffness evaluation of shinbone was performed after animals have been sacrificed.

The effects of high-intensity resistance exercise on the blood lipid profile and liver function in hypercholesterolemic hamsters.

It is well established that atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by high levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, constitutes important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Regular exercise has been associated with a reduced risk for metabolic diseases. However, studies supporting the concept that resistance exercise is a modifier of blood lipid parameters are often contradictory.