Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: children and adolescents.

The Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Children and Adolescents was developed by dietitians, physicians, and pediatric hematologists from 10 Brazilian reference centers in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim was to emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well as the main characteristics related to patient´s nutritional assessment. This consensus is intended to improve and standardize nutrition therapy during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Undernutrition as an Aggravating Risk for Hospital Death in Critically Ill Children with Cancer.

Objectives: Undernourished children with cancer are at major risk for adverse outcomes. We intended to model nutritional status as risk factor for hospital death.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of two cohorts of children admitted in an oncology/hematology intensive care unit.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two novel yeast species isolated from ephemeral plant substrates.

Four isolates of two novel ascosporogenous species belonging to the clade were obtained from cactus tissues and rotting wood in Brazil. Results of analyses of the sequences of the ITS and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene indicated that the two isolates of the cactophilic species are related to and , yeasts that are associated with cacti and require an organic source of sulfur for growth. We propose the novel species sp.

sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from tree bark in Brazil.

Six strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from tree bark collected in the Atlantic Forest and the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil. Analyses of the sequences of D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that the strains belong to a species in the genus . The species differed by 5.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RAPID WEIGHT GAIN IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN PUBLIC DAY CARE CENTERS.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, and identify factors associated with rapid weight gain in preschool children.

Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out with 136 children between 24 and 35 months of age attending public daycare centers in Mogi das Cruzes between February and December 2014. Interviews were conducted with the mothers for clinical, sociodemographic and anthropometric characterizations of the children.

Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness and factors associated with cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To assess the carotid intima-media thickness and factors associated with cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease.

Material And Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study carried out at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (chronic kidney disease outpatient clinics) with 55 patients (60% males) with a median age of 11.9 years (I25-I75: 9.

Associations Between Dietary Intake Before 6 Months of Age and Rapid Weight Gain Among HIV-exposed Uninfected Infants.

Introduction: HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) infants are potentially at risk for cardiovascular disease due to in utero exposures. Feeding practices of the infant could compound this risk. Few studies have, however, evaluated dietary intake of HEU infants.

Impaired bone mineral accrual in prepubertal HIV-infected children: a cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate bone mass accrual and determine the influence of clinical, anthropometric, dietary and biochemical parameters on bone mass.

Methods: A cohort study including 35 prepubertal HIV-infected children, between 7 and 12 years, attended at a referral center. At time 1 (T1) and time 2 (T2), patients were assessed according to clinical, anthropometric, dietary, biochemical parameters and bone mineral density (BMD).

Nutritional status of children and adolescents at diagnosis of hematological and solid malignancies.

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of child and adolescent patients with cancer at diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 1154 patients were included and divided into two groups: solid and hematological malignancies. The parameters used for nutritional assessment were weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, body mass index and percentage weight loss.

Assessment of antioxidants status and superoxide dismutase activity in HIV-infected children.

Objective: This study aims to assess the nutritional status of selenium, copper and zinc; and also the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity of HIV-infected children compared to a control group.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with prepubertal HIV-infected children (n=51) and their healthy siblings (n=32). All biochemical measurements including plasma selenium, serum copper levels, serum and erythrocyte zinc levels and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity were evaluated according to dietary, clinical and biochemical parameters.

Nutritional status and metabolic disorders in HIV-exposed uninfected prepubertal children.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status and metabolic alterations in HIV-exposed uninfected (HIVe) children compared with HIV-unexposed (HIVn) children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 76 children distributed into two groups: HIVe (n = 31) and HIVn (n = 45). Biochemical data (hematologic test, lipid profile, insulin resistance, hepatic profile, and C-reactive protein) were evaluated.

Body composition in prepubertal, HIV-infected children: a comparison of bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations developed for healthy pediatric populations and for HIV-infected children using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the gold standard.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 40 prepubertal, HIV-infected children who regularly attended the Pediatric Infectious Disease Clinic at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. The study was conducted from August to November 2008.

Body composition and lipodystrophy in prepubertal HIV-infected children.

Objective: To identify lipodystrophy in prepubertal HIV-infected children using anthropometric parameters and body composition assessment.

Methods: Cross-sectional study including 40 prepubertal HIV-infected children of both genders seen at the Care Center of the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo city, Brazil, was carried out from August to December 2008. Age, clinical and immunological status, prophylaxis, transmission and highly active antiretroviral therapy were recorded.

Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents attending public schools.

Background: Overweight in adolescence is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.

Objective: To study the association of cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) in overweight and normal-weight adolescents of both genders aged from 14 to 19 years, attending public schools.

Methods: Case-control study including 163 overweight and 151 normal-weight adolescents.

Atherosclerosis prevention and treatment in children and adolescents.

The atherosclerotic process starts in childhood and studies show its development in fetuses. Clinical manifestation often occurs only in the sixth decade of life. Adolescence is a critical period in the development of atherosclerosis, because fatty streaks may change to transition plaque owing to genetic and environment factors.

Prevention of atherosclerosis and drug treatment of high-risk lipid abnormalities in children and adolescents.

Objective: To discuss risk factors of atherosclerosis in pediatrics, dietary and physical activity guidelines, and, mainly, drug treatment of high-risk lipid abnormalities.

Sources: Data were obtained from articles indexed in MEDLINE, published over the last 5 years.

Summary Of The Findings: Children with severe dyslipidemia or additional risk factors such as family history of early cardiovascular disease or other signs of metabolic syndrome may need treatment with hypolipidemic drugs.

Risk factors for overweight among Brazilian adolescents of low-income families: a case-control study.

Objective: To study risk factors for overweight among Brazilian adolescents of low-income families.

Design: Case-control study of obese and non-obese adolescents.

Setting: Anthropometric survey including 1420 students (aged 14-19 years) attending a public high school in São Paulo, Brazil.

[Nutritional support for malnourished hospitalized children: experience of a referral center, São Paulo, Brazil].

Aim: To study anthropometric development, nutritional support and mortality rate of malnourished children hospitalized in a referral center.

Methods: In a retrospective study we surveyed 98 hospitalized malnourished children (ZW<--2) with no chronic disease. Data collected was: birth weight, gestational age, length of exclusive breast feeding, diagnosis at admission, formula used (type, delivery route and feeding tolerance) and length of stay.